Download forces

Why can’t things
stay put?
Motion
SC-04-1.2.1
Students will interpret or represent data related to an
object’s straight-line motion in order to make
inferences and predictions of changes in position
and/or time.
SC-04-1.2.2
Students will infer causes and effects of pushes and pulls
(forces) on objects based on representations or
interpretations of straight-line movement/motion in
charts, graphs, and qualitative comparisons.
Core
Content
Pedro has three balls of different masses. He rolls each
ball down a ramp hitting an empty box at the bottom of
the ramp.
A. Identify which ball will push the box the farthest distance.
B. Using your science vocabulary, explain why the ball you
chose in part A will push the box the farthest distance.
C. Using your science vocabulary, explain one change that
Pedro can do to make the box travel further.
By the end of this unit,
you will be able to
answer this question…
• Measure and record changes
in the position and motion of
an object
• Make inferences about the
effects of the size of various
forces
We will learn
to…
• relative motion
• frame of
reference
• speed
• velocity
• force
• friction
• gravity
• work
• kinetic energy
• potential energy
Essential
Vocabulary
• Motion is a change in the
position of an object.
• Objects can move in a
straight line, circular path,
or back/forth as a vibration.
What is
motion?
• Speed – the rate at which an
object changes position
• Velocity – the speed and
direction of a moving object
• Acceleration – the rate at which
an object speeds up or slows
down
How can we
describe
motion?
• Work is the ability to
move something and
make a change.
• Energy is the source of
that change.
What is the
difference
between work
and energy?
• Kinetic energy is the energy
of motion. It is the energy
you are actually using at the
time.
• Potential energy is energy
that is stored to be used
later.
What are the
2 types of
energy?
• We use a frame of reference to
detect motion.
• A frame of reference lets you
compare the position of 2 or
more objects.
How can
motion be
observed?
• Motion is caused by any
force that comes in
contact with an object.
• A push, pull, or friction
can cause a change in
motion.
What causes
motion?
• Gravity is a force that pulls one
object toward another object.
• The force of gravity depends on
the mass of each object, and the
distance between them.
• A spring scale is used to measure
the force of gravity (weight) of an
object.
How does
gravity cause
motion?
• A force can cause an object to
speed up, slow down, stop, or
change direction.
• The amount of change is
determined by the amount of
force.
How can a force
change the
motion of an
object?
Material
Which flag did it
reach when you
pushed the yellow
button?
Which flag did it
reach when you
pushed the red
button?
Prediction
Prediction
Result
Result
Carpet
Wood
Vinyl
Ice
What observations did you
make?
Friction
Slope 1
Distance Traveled
No parachute
Small parachute
Large parachute
Slope 2
Distance Traveled
No parachute
Small parachute
Large parachute
What observations did you
make?
Forces in
Action