Download Power Point for 8Sf

Waves and Everything
8Sf-5 Sound
th
4 Quarter
Compiled by Jack Graham May 2013
Standard 8Sf: The student will demonstrate an
understanding of the properties and behaviors of
waves. (Physical Science)
Essential Question:
5. How does the ear detect sound waves?
Indicators:
5. Explain hearing in terms of the relationship
between sound waves and the ear.
How the Human Ear Works
Complete Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JE8WduJKV4
A simple overview: http://www.ahschicago.com/how-does-your-ear-work/
Define (relative to sound and hearing):
1. amplitude:
2. Anvil:
3. Cochlea:
4. compressions: 5. Ear Canal:
6. Ear Drum:
7. Eustachian Tube: 8. frequency:
9.Hammer:
10. high pitch:
11. longitudinal waves: 12. Loudness:
13. low pitch: 14. Auditory Nerves: 15. Oscilloscope (CRO):
16. Pinna:
17. pitch:
18. rarefactions:
19. Semi-circular Canal: 20. sound: 21. Stirrup:
22. transverse wave:
23. trough: 24. vibration:
25. wave:
26. wavelength:
27. Organ of Corti
Answer: EQ 8Sf-5. How does the ear detect sound waves?
Interference and Beats
Wave interference is the phenomenon that occurs when two waves
meet while traveling along the same medium. The interference of waves
causes the medium to take on a shape that results from the net effect of
the two individual waves upon the particles of the medium. As
mentioned in a previous unit of The Physics Classroom Tutorial, if two
upward displaced pulses having the same shape meet up with one
another while traveling in opposite directions along a medium, the
medium will take on the shape of an upward displaced pulse with twice
the amplitude of the two interfering pulses. This type of interference is
known as constructive interference. If an upward displaced pulse and a
downward displaced pulse having the same shape meet up with one
another while traveling in opposite directions along a medium, the two
pulses will cancel each other's effect upon the displacement of the
medium and the medium will assume the equilibrium position. This type
of interference is known as destructive interference.
Click Here to learn more about beat frequencies and
difference tones from a detailed reading.
Link to Copy: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/sound/u11l3a.cfm
Click Here to learn more about beat frequencies and
difference tones from a video demonstration.
Link to Copy: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hxQDAmdNWE
Click here for a trio for two flutes and piano… how often
do you hear three flutes instead of the two you can see?
Link to Copy: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFbweMqFn40
The Doppler Effect and Shock Waves
The Doppler effect is a phenomenon observed whenever the
source of waves is moving with respect to an observer.
The Doppler effect can be described as the effect produced
by a moving source of waves in which there is an apparent
upward shift in frequency for the observer and the source are
approaching and an apparent downward shift in frequency
when the observer and the source is receding.
Reflection, Refraction, and Diffraction
Like any wave, a sound wave doesn't just stop when it reaches
the end of the medium or when it encounters an obstacle in
its path. Rather, a sound wave will undergo certain behaviors
when it encounters the end of the medium or an obstacle.
Possible behaviors include reflection off the obstacle,
diffraction around the obstacle, and transmission
(accompanied by refraction) into the obstacle or new
medium. Click to learn more. Or copy
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/sound/U11L3d.cfm
How the Human Ear Works
Complete Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JE8WduJKV4
A simple overview: http://www.ahschicago.com/how-does-your-ear-work/
Define (relative to sound and hearing):
1. amplitude:
2. Anvil:
3. Cochlea:
4. compressions: 5. Ear Canal:
6. Ear Drum:
7. Eustachian Tube: 8. frequency:
9.Hammer:
10. high pitch:
11. longitudinal waves: 12. Loudness:
13. low pitch: 14. Auditory Nerves: 15. Oscilloscope (CRO):
16. Pinna:
17. pitch:
18. rarefactions:
19. Semi-circular Canal: 20. sound: 21. Stirrup:
22. transverse wave:
23. trough: 24. vibration:
25. wave:
26. wavelength:
27. Organ of Corti
Answer: EQ 8Sf-5. How does the ear detect sound waves?
Parts of the Human Ear
Standard 8Sf: The student will demonstrate an
understanding of the properties and behaviors of
waves. (Physical Science)
Essential Question:
5. How does the ear detect sound waves?
Indicators:
5. Explain hearing in terms of the relationship
between sound waves and the ear.
The End.
How the Human Ear Works ANSWER KEY
Complete Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JE8WduJKV4
A simple overview: http://www.ahschicago.com/how-does-your-ear-work/
1.amplitude: the maximum energy of a wave; relative to sound, the strength of the compression waves
2.Anvil: Bone that passes vibration from the Hammer to the Stirrup.
3.Cochlea: A spiral shaped, fluid filled inner ear structure enclosing the organ of Corti
4.compressions: areas of high pressure (smooshes)
5.Ear Canal: The tube through which sound travels to the ear drum.
6.Ear Drum: A thin membrane that vibrates when sound waves reach it.
7.Eustachian Tube: Tube that connects middle ear to the back of the nose. It equalizes the pressure between the middle ear and the
air outside.
8.frequency: the number of waves passing any point per second
9.Hammer: Tiny bone that passes vibrations from the Ear Drum to the Anvil.
10.high pitch: the sound (pitch) made by faster vibrations (higher frequency)
11.longitudinal waves: waves where the movement of the medium is back and forth (sound waves)
12.Loudness: how much energy a sound has
13.low pitch: the sound (pitch) made by slower vibrations (lower frequency)
14.Nerves: Transmit sound to the brain.
15.Oscilloscope (CRO): shows the pattern of sound on a screen
16.Pinna: Outside part of the ear that collects sound-waves.
17.pitch: what frequency a sound is
18.rarefactions: areas of low pressure (stretches)
19.Semi-circular Canal: 3 loops of fluid filled tubes that are attached to the Cochlea. They help maintain a sense of balance.
20.sound: is made when something vibrates
21.Stirrup: Tiny 'U' shaped bone that passes vibrations from the Anvil to the Cochlea.
22.transverse wave: waves where the movement is up and down or side to side
23.trough: a low point on a wave
24.vibration: the complete back and forth motion of an object
25.wave: a disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space without matter moving along with the energy
26.wavelength: the distance between any point on a wave and the corresponding point on the next wave
27. Organ of Corti: in the cochlea contains the hair cells that detect the frequency of sounds and transmits neural signals to the brain.