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Dynasties
By Ji Sup, Ryan, Catherine, Leslie, and
Tommy
Mandate of Heaven
• The mandate of heaven was the right to rule
granted from a divine source.
• Can be lost or gained by anyone.
• If a rebellion fails, the people’s faith in the
ruler is restored
• Natural disaster show that the current ruler is
not pleasing the gods, thus is in need of
replacement.
Ancient China VS China Today
Ancient China
China Today
No more than one ruler
Multiple people who help the president
All the decisions made by the king were
right
The decisions made by the president is
not always right.
Gave him supreme power.
Does not have supreme power.
Power can be passed down through
bloodline.
Cannot be passed down through
bloodline.
When there is a natural disaster, it means
the current leader had not pleased the
dogs, and thus in need of replacement.
Natural disaster can be explained
scientifically, therefore the president can
stay in office.
Ruled based on the virtue of the leader.
Citizens are not ruled based on the virtue
of the leader
Dynastic Cycle
• The dynastic cycle is the belief that the rise
and fall of dynasties are controlled by the
Mandate of Heaven.
• According to Chinese political theory, every
dynasty goes through a dynastic cycle.
Dynastic Cycle 2
• A new ruler: Unites China, founds a new
dynasty, and gains the Mandate of Heaven
(“Ancestors” p. 78).
Dynastic Cycle 3
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1.
A new ruler unites China, founds a new dynasty, and gains the
Mandate of Heaven.
2.
China, under the new dynasty, achieves prosperity.
3.
The population increases.
4.
Corruption becomes rampant in the imperial court, and the
empire begins to enter decline and instability.
5.
A natural disaster wipes out farm land. The disaster normally
would not have been a problem; however, together with the corruption and
overpopulation, it causes famine.
6.
The famine causes the population to rebel and a civil war ensues.
7.
The ruler loses the Mandate of Heaven.
8.
The population decreases because of the violence.
9.
China goes through a warring states period.
10.
One state emerges victorious.
11.
The state starts a new empire.
12.
The empire gains the Mandate of Heaven.
Achievements of Dynasties
Shang
• - earliest Chinese writing
written on oracle bones
(used picture symbols to
represent ideas)
• - worked with bronze and
made huge structures like
tombs
Zhou
• - learned how to use iron,
introduced coins and use of
chopsticks.
• -cities grew and farmers
learned new techniques to
increase the size of harvest
Achievements of Dynasties 2
Qin
• - centralized government
and standardized things
such as language, currency,
measurement, built great
wall
Han
• - brought china's kingdoms
together as one empire
• - the silk road
Achievements of Dynasties 3
Tang
• - extended the eastern
portion of the silk road,
trade flourished bringing
Middle Eastern Influence to
China
Song
• - created and maintained a
navy, invented gunpowder,
paper money began, began
using coal to power iron and
porcelain furnaces