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Dynasties/Dynastic Cycle/Mandate of Heaven What is most important in American culture? • Where do your first loyalties lie? • To yourself? • To your family? • To the U.S.? • Why? In ancient China, your first responsibility was to your family • Family was the number one priority • The oldest man ruled the family and made decisions • Women: 3 obediences • This was even reflected in the ruling families • When power is passed down within the same family from generation to generation, what is that called? • Hint: think back to Egypt A Dynasty! • Knowing the order of the Chinese dynasties is very important to keep track of time • A simple way to remember is to sing the dynasties’ names to the tune of “Frere Jacques” • Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, T’ang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic, (Mao Tse Zdong) • Here’s a video with the song that shows a story as well…https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxNAnu_lCbw Shang dynasty • Earliest dynasty that we know existed (others mythical) • Settled around the Yellow River • Known for working in bronze and jade Invention of Chinese writing • During the Shang Dynasty, a writing system was created that could be used by people who spoke different languages or dialects • It would be like if French, Spanish, and English all sounded different but had the same written symbol for “tree” • Written on oracle bones, turtle shell Earliest Chinese writing—on a turtle shell Zhou (“Joe”) Dynasty • Took over from Shang • Claimed that the Shang had lost heaven’s favor—the “Mandate of Heaven” • Time of intense warfare Mandate of Heaven • Mandate—permission, or an order, to do something. • Why do you get to rule? Because heaven says so! • Eventually, the Zhou lost their land too, and China split into many smaller countries before being reunited under the Qin dynasty. • This is known as a “dynastic cycle.” “Cycle?” • Bi-cycle (two—wheel, two-round) • Cyclical • Cylinder • Life cycle • Sounds like circle