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ENERGY! MS-PS3-1. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. [ MS-PS3-2. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. MS-PS3-4. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. MS-PS1-6. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.* Unit 3 Energy Day 1 OBJECTIVE: MS-PS3-2. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. •Do Now: •SIA Physics Week #3 •Today: •Einstein’s Theory is 100 •CER: Energy and Work •Do Later: •Enjoy the weekend Q: How is Energy Related to Work? • To gather your EVIDENCE: – Place two identical books on a table so there is a gap of about 8 cm between the books. – Place a sheet of notebook paper on the books so it crosses the gap (lengthwise.) – Now drop a penny from a height of 10 cm onto the paper above the gap. Note what happens. – Next drop the penny from a height of 30 cm and observe the results. – Devise a third test…Distance? Mass? Force? Other? • Consider the following as you write your REASONING statements: – How do the three "drops” compare and differ? – How did the height of the penny affect the distance the paper moved? – How did lifting the penny affect the work it did on the paper? – How did lifting the penny affect its energy? Unit 3 Energy Day 2 OBJECTIVE: MS-PS3-1. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. •Do Now: •Energy Vocabulary and Examples •Return Phys Test/NB/Lab •Today: •Energy! Notes •Energy Card Sort Table Activity – Part 1 •Do Later: •FINISH Energy examples! Unit 3 ENERGY Day 3 OBJECTIVE: MS-PS3-2 Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. •Do Now: •Energy Forms Crossword •Today: •KE and GPE calculations •Energy Card Sort Table Activity – Part 2 •Do Later: •KE and GPE practice problems Unit 3 Chapter 15 Day 4 OBJECTIVE: MS-PS3-1. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. •Do Now: •Force and Energy worksheet •Homework Check – GE and KPE problems •Today: •A few more KE & GPE problems… •Energy Card Sort Activity wrap-up •Energy! Notes - Conversion •“Your Turn” Unit 3 ENERGY Day 5 OBJECTIVE: MS-PS1-6. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes .* •Do Now: • Roller Coasters - review of PE/KE •Today: • Energy Card Sort Activity wrap-up •The Heat is On… •Do Later: • FINISH Heat Is On - Questions #_____ Unit 3 ENERGY Day 6 OBJECTIVE: . •Do Now: •? •Homework Check/Review •Today: •Thermal Chemistry – Salt Melt or •Thermal Chemistry – Acid Freeze •Do Later: •Finish Lab Report https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QF27bncXAQ • An electrical conductivity meter (EC meter) measures the electrical conductivityin a solution. It is commonly used in hydroponics, aquaculture and freshwater systems to monitor the amount of nutrients, salts or impurities in the water. Unit 3 ENERGY Days 7 -9 OBJECTIVE: Research and Present Alternative Energies •Do Now: •Alternative Energy Word Search •Sign out a Chrome book and Login •Today: •Alternate Energy Poster Research, Assembly and Presentation Practice •Alternate Energy Poster Presentations •Do Later: •Everyday Energy - Hoover Dam Unit 3 ENERGY Day 10 OBJECTIVE: Review skills and concepts of Energy Unit. •Do Now: •? •Today: • Review Study Guide •Do Later: •Study for Test •Notebooks due tomorrow Unit 3 ENERGY Day 11 OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate skills and concepts of Energy Unit. •Do Now: • TURN IN NOTEBOOK •Today: • Energy Unit Test •Do Later: • Chapter 15.1 – Energy Forms • ENERGY is the ability to do WORK • WORK is the Transfer of Energy TYPES OF ENERGY Kinetic and Potential: GPE & EPE What is Kinetic Energy? •The energy of MOTION –Greek “kinetos” means moving •Depends upon the objects MASS and SPEED oDOUBLE the mass and you DOUBLE the kinetic energy oDOUBLE the speed and you QUADRUPLE the kinetic energy Examples of Kinetic Energy What is Potential Energy? Potential Energy is energy that is stored as a result of position or shape. • Gravitational Potential Energy (PE=mgh) Depends on MASS, HEIGHT and the acceleration of GRAVITY (9.8 m/s2 ) –DOUBLE the MASS or the HEIGHT DOUBLE the Gravitational Potential Energy • Elastic Potential Energy • Objects that can be stretched or compressed • When stored energy is released it is converted to Kinetic Energy • EPE can be stored in compressed objects like springs Examples of Potential Energy… What kind? TYPES OF ENERGY Mechanical, Electromagnetic, Electrical, Chemical, Thermal And Nuclear What is Mechanical Energy? Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) and position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins! Examples of Mechanical Energy What is Electromagnetic Energy? Light energy Includes energy from gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands What is Electrical Energy? Energy caused by the movement of electrons Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy What is Chemical Energy? Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck. Examples of Chemical Energy What is Thermal Energy? o Heat energy o The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement. QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy? MECHANICAL ENERGY QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy (yummy) What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal Energy (Don’t forget friction) What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy…more? What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical and Electromagnetic Energy…more? MY CAR • Think about energy and the transformations as my car goes from starting the vehicle to driving. • Name at least 5 different types of ENERGY. Energy Transfer Sound (mechanical) Thermal Electrical Mechanical Chemical Light (Electromagnetic) Chapter 15.2 – Energy Conversion and Conservation • The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed However… • Energy can be converted from one form to another – and in either direction! – The gravitational potential energy of an object is converted into the kinetic energy of motion as the object falls – The BEGINNING TOTAL of KE + PE EQUALS the ENDING TOTAL of KE + PE How was energy converted or conserved? How was energy converted or conserved? How was energy converted or conserved? How was energy converted or conserved? Energy and Mass 2 E=MC • Einstein’s equation shows that ENERGY and MASS are equivalent and can be converted into each other • E=energy • M = mass • C = speed of light (3 x 108 m/s) Energy and Mass 2 E=MC • In other words, Energy is released as matter is destroyed and Matter can be created from Energy • Because the square of the speed of light is a very large figure: even a small chunk of matter can produce a large amount of energy! Your Turn… Think of an example from everyday life where potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy, or vice versa. Draw a diagram that illustrates the transformation, using the interactive activity as an example. Then describe the transformation. For example: When I carry a sled to the top of a snowy hill, the potential energy of the sled increases. As I stand with my sled at the top of the hill, the kinetic energy is zero and the potential energy is at its maximum. As I slide down the hill, the potential energy of the sled decreases and its kinetic energy increases. • Energy Skate park • Energy in a Roller Coaster The Heat is ON… Earth’s Heating Systems •HEAT transfer is the movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object is called heat transfer •Heat is ALWAYS transferred from a warmer substance to a cooler substance •There are three types of heat transfer: – Radiation – Conduction – Convection Three types of HEAT transfer • Radiation – The transfer of energy through EMPTY SPACE – No direct contact between a heat source and the object EX: Sunlight warms the Earth’s surface Three types of HEAT transfer • Conduction – Direct contact of particles of matter – Heated particles of a substance transfer heat to other particles through direct contact • EX: Metal rod heats up when held in a flame source Three types of HEAT transfer • Convection – Transfer of heat by the movement of heated fluid – Fluids include liquids and gases – Heated particles of a fluid begin to flow, transferring heat energy from one part of the fluid to another • EX: Pot of soup Density and Convection • Differences in temperature and density cause movement within the fluid • Heated particles move faster and spread apart – substance is LESS DENSE • When fluid cools particles move closer together and DENSITY INCREASES • The flow that transfers heat within a fluid is called a CONVECTION CURRENT Energy Resources Energy Resources Non - Renewable • Fossil fuels –oil –natural gas –coal • uranium Renewable • Hydroelectric • Solar • Geothermal • Wind • Biomass • Nuclear fusion ??? Alternative Energy Presentation ESSENTIAL ITEMS TO INCLUDE: • • • • Where does it come from or how is it made? Advantages (use, production, waste) Disadvantages (use, production, waste) Costs (immediate or start-up as well as long term costs) • Current usage in the US. How has it changed in your lifetime? • What is the future for this type of energy? ENERGY Test Formula List Gravitational Potential Energy GPE = m*g*h Force - 2nd Law Kinetic Energy KE = ½ mv2