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SC.7.E.6.6 Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality, and changing the flow of water. How have human activities impact Earth’s air, water, and land resources and what are the consequences? Plastic on the Trail Page Keeley One summer day, five friends went hiking on a local trail. One of the friends saw some plastic litter on the trail. He picked it up and said, "I will pick this up, because I don't like to see litter, and I don't want this plastic to end up in the ocean." This is what his friends said: Bob: I agree that we should not litter, but my personal actions here in this town don't impact the ocean. Chris: This plastic is pollution because it is man-made material in a natural area, but we don't need to worry about it because it doesn't seem to be affecting any animals right now. Nancy: The trash and pollutants people put into the environment everywhere can affect the ocean, life in the ocean and on land. John: I also agree that we should not litter, but the ocean is so incredibly huge that pollution is not a problem. Garbage just disappears in the ocean. Which friend do you most agree with and why? Explain your thinking DEFORESTATION Air Pollution Barren Land Change Natural Landscapes Change Weather Patterns Climate Change Decreased Biodiversity Deforestation Desertification Drought Endanger Animals Endanger Ecosystem Erosion Flooding Greenhouse Gasses Habitat Loss Harm Plants Poison Soil Water Pollution URBANIZATION DIVERTING OF WATER CULTIVATING PLANTS HERDING ANIMALS CREATING TRASH POLLUTION BURNING FOSSIL FUELS Deforestation How does deforestation impact the Earth? Which tropical countries have the greatest amount of deforestation? What could explain why tropical countries have so much deforestation? What may have caused the differences can be observe to this lake between 1989 and 2009? What do you predict this lake may look like today? What types of human activities may lead to desertification? What could be done to prevent desertification? How have humans changed Manhattan (NYC) since it was first settled in 1624? In what ways has the Earth been impacted by the urbanization of Manhattan? What are some reasons that people move to urban areas? An epoch is the beginning of a distinctive period in the history of anything. Earth's geologic epochs—time periods defined by evidence in rock layers— typically last more than three million years. According to the International Union of Geological Sciences we are officially in the Holocene (“entirely recent”) epoch, which began 11,700 years ago after the last major ice age. That label is outdated, some experts say. They argue for “Anthropocene”—from anthropo, for “man,” and cene, for “new”—because human- kind has caused mass extinctions of plant and animal species, polluted the oceans and altered the atmosphere, among other lasting impacts. Some scientists are suggesting Earth has already entered a new age—several million years earlier than it should have. Has the Earth entered a new epoch? http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/what-is-the-anthropocene-and-are-we-in-it-164801414/?no-ist http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/04/100406-new-earth-epoch-geologic-age-anthropocene/