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Ch. 23 Ecosystems and Biomes Sect. 1 Energy Flow in Ecosystems Each organism has a role in the movement of energy through the ecosystem. • Producer- an organism that can make its own food • Consumer-an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms • Decomposer- an organism that breaks down dead organisms and returns the raw materials back to the environment. Producers are plants,algae, and some bacteria that can take energy from the sun and carry out photosynthesis. Some bacteria can use chemicals from the environment and produce food through chemosynthesis. Consumers are classified by what they eat. • Herbivores- eat only plants • Carnivores- eat only animals • Omivores-eat both • Scavengers-feed on dead bodies Herbivores Carnivores Omnivore Decomposers Food Chain Food Web The arrow is pointing to the direction that receives the energy Energy Pyramid In general, only 10% of the energy at one level of a food web is transferred to the next, higher level. The other 90% of the energy is used by the organism for living. • Since 90% is not available, there is not enough energy to support many feeding levels. That is why it looks like a pyramid. The largest amount of available energy is at the producer (bottom) level.