Download Slide 1 - Pleasantville Middle School

Cell Transport
Cell Transport
Definition:
The movement of substances
within a cell, and the movement of
substances into and out of a cell.
Example: Animal Cell:
Into the Cell  C6H12O6 + O2
Out of Cell  CO2 + H2O
2 Types:
Passive Transport & Active Transport
Active Transport
Definition:
• When a cell uses energy to
move substances.
• Moving substances from an area
of low concentration to an area
of high concentration
Example:
When a paramecium excretes
water from its contractile vacuole
Passive Transport
Definition:
• When substances move into and
out of a cell because of diffusion
and osmosis.
• Does not require energy (ATP)
• Random motion of molecules
leads to dispersal
2 Types:
• Diffusion
• Osmosis
Diffusion
Definition:
• A form of Passive Transport
• When substances move from an
area of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration.
What is concentration?
Before
After
Low
Concentration
of Fart
Molecules
High Concentration
Of Fart Molecules
Fart Molecules equally spread
out throughout the classroom
Equilibrium
Definition:
When there is an equal
concentration of substances spread
throughout an area or container.
Osmosis
Definition:
• A form of Passive Transport
• Diffusion in water:
When different concentrations of
dissolved substances in water (a
solution) causes water to move from
one area to another
3 Types of solutions :
1. Hypertonic
2. Hypotonic
3. Isotonic
1. Hypertonic Solution
Before
Water
High conc. - Inside the cell
Low conc. - Outside the cell
Overall Water moves
out of the cell
After
Salt
High conc. - Outside the cell
Low conc. - Inside the cell
Overall Salt moves
into the cell
2. Hypotonic Solution
Before
After
Sugar
Water
High conc. - Outside the cell
Low conc. - Inside the cell
Overall Water moves
into the cell
Sugar
High conc. - Inside the cell
Low conc. - Outside the cell
Overall Sugar moves
out of the cell
3. Isotonic Solution
Same concentration of salt/sugar inside and
outside the cell. Molecules continue to
move, but overall stay in equilibrium.
Key Points for Osmosis….
What Moves?
What Happens?
1. Water
2. The substance dissolved in water
which can be sugar, salt, urine
etc…
• Water typically moves to the
dissolved substance.
Example… put salt on an eggplant
and water will move out of the
eggplant to the salt.
Osmosis in Animal Cells
Details:
Animal cells have a flexible
membrane which can expand and
contract.
Osmosis in Animal Cells
Osmosis in Animal Cells
Hypotonic
Cytolysis:
The expansion of a cell due to
a hypotonic solution. In some
cases the cell may burst.
Hypertonic
Crenation
The shrinking of a cell
due to a hypertonic
solution.
`
This is a freshwater gold fish. What issues
will it experience in saltwater and pure
water?
Osmosis in Plant Cells
Details:
Different than animal cells because
of a rigid outer wall known as the
cell wall. The support of the cell
wall prevents the plant cell from
major changes in shape and size.
Osmosis in Plant Cells
Osmosis in Plant Cells
Hypotonic
Turgor Pressure
The expansion of the cell
membrane causes the cell
wall to bend outward
Hypertonic
Plasmolysis:
The shrinking of the cell
membrane causes the cell
wall to bend inward
What happened to the plant cell?
Describe why this happened to the plant cell.
Did anything leave or go into the cell?
Explain
Types of Liquids
Pure Water
•Water with no salt or other
dissolved substances (100% water)
•Also known as distilled water
Salt Solution
•A solution of water and salt with a
high concentration of salt. (80%
water, 20% salt)
Types of Liquids
Cell Solution
94% water
2% sugar
2% wastes
2% salt
•A solution of water and dissolved
substances found in a “typical cell.
Typically, cells have a small amount
of dissolved salt, sugar, wastes,
etc..
•94% water, 6% salt, sugar, and
wastes
Background information for lab
experiments:
 Molasses is a simple sugar (small molecule)
 Iodine is an indicator for starch
 Iodine which is yellow/orange turns
starch black
 Starch is a large molecule, made up of many
small sugars
 Potatoes are made of cells (duh)
Answer the conclusion questions in full sentences. If
there is a key term (ex. hypotonic, equilibrium,
etc...) circle the key term in the sentence.
Lab A: Starch and Iodine
Lab B: Molasses and Water
Lab C:
Potato in
Distilled Water
Potato in
Saltwater
Lab A: Starch and Iodine
Lab B: Molasses and Water
Lab C:
Potato in
Distilled Water
Potato in
Saltwater