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How we study Biology
Microscopic to Macroscopic
• Learning Goal: In this lesson you will learn
about the various levels of organization in
biology ranging from atoms to the biosphere.
Ecology is the
scientific study of
interactions among
organisms and
between organisms
and their environment.
• Atom: the smallest part of an element that
maintains the properties of that element.
• Molecule: a group of atoms bonded together,
representing the smallest fundamental unit of
a chemical compound that can take part in a
chemical reaction.
• Levels of Organization (pp. 192 – 193)
•
•
I.Cell – basic unit that makes up all living organisms.
II.Tissue – group of cells that work together to perform a specific function.
•
A.
Epithelium – linings and coverings
•
B.
Muscle – specialized for contraction
•
C.
Nerve – specialized to send messages
•
D.
Connective – group that contains many different types of tissues such as ligaments, tendons, bone
and blood
•
III.Organ – group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
•
Example: Stomach – the stomach is made of all four types of tissues
•
•
Epithelium
•
Muscle
•
Nerve
•
Connective
•
IV.Organ system – group of organs that work together to perform a specific
•
function
•
Example: Digestive system
V. Organism
Levels of Organization
* Species -group of organisms capable
of breeding and producing fertile
offspring
* Population - a group of individuals of
the same species living in the same
area and the same
time
* Community - a group of populations
living in the same area at the same
time
* Ecosystem - a collection of
all of the living things living in an
area along with the nonliving
components of the environment
* Biomes - areas that have
characteristic temperatures and
rainfall as well as characteristic
plants and animals
* Biosphere-refers to all of the parts
of the planet in which life exists,
including land, water and air.
Organism
Organelles
DNA
Molecule
Population
Organs
Heart
Community
Cells
Tissues
Biosphere
Organ
Systems
Ecosystem