Download File - Mr. Aiken: United States History

“Era Of Good
Feelings”
JAMES MONROE
Erin Kelbaugh Erin Raley Brianna Rodriguez Nadiuska Rodriguez
DOMESTIC
Era of Good Feelings
■ It was described as an “Era of national unity and purpose.”
■ The federalist party died out.
– One-party system took over.
■
President Monroe went on the Goodwill Tour in New England.
– Support for Monroe grew in New England.
■ The Panic of 1819 occurred.
– Sent the United States into financial paralysis.
■ The Missouri Compromise took place.
■ Sectionalism and growing issues over slavery began.
Marshall Court: McCullough V Maryland
■ The state of Maryland attempted to tax the bank notes of the Bank of the United
States.
– Nearly destroyed a branch of the bank.
■ In court, John Marshall ruled in favor of the bank.
– The bank was constitutional in invoking the Hamilton Doctrine.
■ As a result, Marshall bolstered the power of the federal government, and weakened
state powers.
Dartmouth College V Woodward
■ Dartmouth College had received a charter from King George in 1769, however New
Hampshire legislature saw fit to change the charter.
■ Marshall ruled in favor of Dartmouth College.
– Marshall ruled that the original charter is a document and therefore protected
under the constitution, which protects contracts against state encroachments.
■ Marshall’s ruling safeguarded business enterprises from domination by states
government.
■ The ruling enabled charter corporations to escape “handcuffs of public control.”
Gibbons V Ogden
■ A “Steamboat” case in 1824
■ New York tried to grant a monopoly of waterborne
commerce between New York and New Jersey, to Aaron Ogden.
– Thomas Gibbons had to cease operating ferries because of this, and the case
went to supreme court
■ Chief Marshall said that congress alone controlled interstate commerce
– Put down states rights and upheld sovereign power pf federal government
American System
■ Developed by Henry Clay in 1824
■ Had 3 parts: a strong bank system, a protective tariff, and
national improvements
– The bank provided easy & abundant credit
– The Tariff allowed eastern manufacturing to flourish & provided the funds for
national improvements, like canals & road networks
■ It would knit the country together economically & politically through transportation &
commerce
Missouri Compromise
■ It agreed to admit Missouri as a slave state & admitted Maine as a separate free
state from Massachusetts, in 1820
– Was a bundle of 3 compromises
■ It kept the balance of free & slave states in senate to 12 each
■ All the land above 36 30’ line from the Louisiana
Purchase was free state territory & below it was
slave
■ Lasted 34 years & only prevented the inevitable
conflict of slavery
Second Great Awakening
■ A series of religious revivals based on Methodism &
Baptism & the fermentation of religion in terms of church membership and theology
– Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance
for all Protestant sects
– Encouraged an effervescent evangelicalism in American life
– Characterized by emotional mass “camp meetings” where thousands of people
would gather and soak up the gospel
– Stimulated humanitarian reforms: prison reforms, temperance cause, women's
movement, and the crusade to abolish slavery
■ Began in the Late 1790’s to the early 19th century
■ Key figures were Peter Cartwright & Charles Finney. They were great revival
preachers that converted thousands of souls to the lord
FOREIGN
First Seminole War
■ The First Seminole War lasted between 1817-1858.
– Involved three conflicts between the Florida and the Seminole tribe.
■ Began over attempts by U.S authorities to recapture runaway black slaves living
among the Seminole.
– Andrew Jackson and the U.S military invaded the area and burned villages
down, scattering the villagers.
■ Jackson and the military seized the Spanish- hela Pensacola and St. Marks.
■ Spain seceded the Florida territory in 1819 under the terms in the Transcontinental
Treaty.
Rush-Bagot Agreement
■ Known as the Rush- Baggot Disarmament.
■ It was a treaty between the United States and Britain.
– Limited naval armaments on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain.
■ The War of 1812 followed the treaty.
Convention of 1818
■ During the convention, the United States and Britain agreed to 49th parallel
(latitude) and the northern boundary of the Louisiana territory.
■ The two nations agreed on the joint occupation of the Oregon territory which lasted
for 10 years.
■ Was an important turning point in showing improved relations between the United
States and Britain after the War of 1812.
Jackson in Florida
■ After First Seminole War, Andrew led forces to FL because of
rumors of Seminoles attacking U.S. settlements &
plantations, & British citizens arming them to with guns (1817)
– Monroe denied sending Jackson
■ Jackson seized Florida under his own authority
– Made Monroe look bad because army was attacking foreign territory
■ Monroe had to clean Jacksons mess of: two executive British nationals, illegal seizure of
Spanish land & citizens, & installment of American government on Spanish territory
– Monroe FL back to Spanish
■ 1819: Spanish sold FL to U.S.
– Monroe offered governor position to Jackson. He resigned from general & took the
position
Adams-Onis Treaty
(Transcontinental Treaty)
■ A treaty between U.S.& Spain that secede Florida to U.S. & defined the boundary
between U.S. & Spain, in 1819
– Caused by First Seminole War & established line of demarcation
■ The U.S. agreed to pay 5 million in claims of
U.S. citizens against Spain
Monroe Doctrine
■ A policy established by Monroe in 1823
■ States the U.S. opposed further European colonization of & interference with
independent nations in the Western hemisphere
– Prevented countries from coming in & taking land & protected Spanish
countries
■ Heavily used today