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Warm up & Recap #11 A) Who was Mao Zedong? B) What was his “Great Leap Forward”? C) Did it succeed? (grab an IPad) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h oc_09s_p08 ….yeah….as we all know from the lessons…it was a disaster…killing millions So would Mao loose the respect of his people and lose power in China after this economic failure and millions dead? Actually…he will rule China until his death in 1976 Mao’s Cultural Revolution After the failure of the Great Leap Forward from 1958-60, Mao’s position in government had gone down and to make it worse, an economic crisis followed. Mao knew…he needed to act quickly to get people back on his side…. In 1966, Mao Zedong launched what became known as a Cultural Revolution in China. He did this to help him reassert his authority over the Chinese government. And…just like Hitler, guess who he called on for revolutionary spirit? Mao called on the nation’s youth to help him purge the “impure” elements of Chinese society and revive the revolutionary spirit that had led to his and communist victory in the civil war 20 decades earlier and the formation of the People’s Republic of China. Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution at a glance visually (start at :27) https://app.discoveryeduc ation.com/learn/videos/f1 13a5f5-f1c0-439e-996514ea750177e8?hasLocalH ost=false In the video…you see this cult like devotion to Mao…just like Hitler created within Germany…. He even shut down schools and called on the youth of China to help pressure the adults to “change” and become “pure communists” once again. In time, the students of China formed paramilitary groups called the Red Guards and attacked and harassed members of China’s elderly and intellectual population. Mao took the attention off of him and the failure of economy he created…and had the Chinese point to people to blame for the impure communism that was springing up in China that had to be stopped (Just like Hitler…having someone to blame for the issues of China and getting your people to believe it) To encourage the personality cult that sprang up around Mao Zedong during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, Mao had something created and distributed by the millions throughout China. (What do you notice in all the pictures?) History now calls it “The Little Red Book” The Little Red Book • The Little Red Book, really named, “Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong” , became an icon of China and communism as well as a work of propaganda. More than a billion copies have been published, making the book, one of the most widely produced books of all time. During China's Cultural Revolution it became virtually mandatory to own and carry one. • There are 33 “units” to his pamphlet and 267 “statements” on topics from understanding communism, to unity, discipline, youth, women, culture & art, and what is important to study. • Originally produced in 1964, by 1966, it became a key feature of the Mao’s personality cult. • A copy was given to every Chinese citizen ….Mao himself reportedly liked its resemblance to books of quotations by early philosophers of China such as Confucius and Lao Tzu (Taoism) • In time, having the “little red book” became forced on the people of China • The "Red Guards" mobilized by Mao to purify Communism in China, started checking to see if people were carrying it or whether they could quote from it when asked. • It became mandatory for people to have a copy on them at all times and it was to be memorized as well. ****************************** • What’s crazy? millions of copies were published in translation and sold abroad. It was taken up by Western radicals such as the Black Panthers even in America, and passed around the Iron Curtain Eastern European countries that Stalin had made sure became Communist after WWII. And…let’s just say in Britain….left-wing bookshops have sold out of it…again….here recently! The Book becomes necessity…. Throughout this school year…you have learned about many types of governments…from good to bad…. From Hitler’s Fascist Nazism to FDR’s American Democracy…. You’ve learned about many types of religions & philosophies…From Hinduism, to Buddhism to Christianity You have learned the importance of law … from the first eye for an eye laws of Hammurabi…to the first laws to create equality in Rome through the Twelve Tables So…if you could choose the best type of philosophy, religion, law or government….what would you choose? ************** Mao chose no religion but him…no economic freedoms, except the economy he created…he chose to force people to farm…to memorize his “little red book” as life… *********** If given then chance…. What would you do? Creative Project Assignment So if you could create your own “little red book” for “your” country, what would it look like? What would it say? What would be important for you and the people of your country to believe? To follow? (Pass out Rubric)