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Facial Skeleton! Kelsey Hillman, Tyler Jaffe, and Brittain Dearden Why do we have a facial skeleton? The facial skeleton •protect the brain •house and protect the sense organs of smell, sight, and taste •Gives a frame for the soft tissues of the face •Allows you to eat, make facial expression, breath, and speak. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4aZjh1 Nvh0&feature=player_detailpage#t=209s Parietal bone Frontal bone Bones Coronal suture Infraorbital foramen Supraorbital foramen Lacrimal bone Nasal bone Sphenoid Superior orbital fissure Temporal bone Middle nasal concha Perpendicular plate of ethmoid Vomer Mandible Zygomatic bone Inferior Nasal Concha Maxillary bone Bones! The frontal bone: forms the forehead and the roof of the orbits, the bony recesses that contain the eyes. The openings and raised ridges in the frontal bones provides a passageway for blood vessels and nerves passing to or from the eyes. Palatine bone: forms the posterior surface of the “roof of the mouth” or hard plate/bony plate Vomer: forms an important section that holds the nasal septum along with ethmoid bone. Zygomatic bone: articulates with frontal bone and the maxilla to complete the lateral wall of the orbital The zygoma forms the lateral portion of the inferior orbital rim, as well as the lateral rim and lateral wall of the orbit. Additionally, it forms the anterior zygomatic arch, from which the masseter muscle is suspended. Maxillary bone 1. Forms the floor and middle portion of the rim of the orbit. 2. Form the walls of the nasal cavity 3. Forms the anterior of the mouth 4. Top part of the jaw 5. Hold the top row of teeth Nasal bone: forms the bridge of the nose Lacrimal bone: located with in the orbital works as a pathway for the tube that transports tears. Inferior nasal conchae: helps slow airflow and deflect arriving air toward the olfactory receptors. Mandible: lower jaw. Allows you to open your mouth to chew, talk, breath and more. The temporomandibular joint allows the jaw to move. Explanations Sella turcica: •The central depression in the middle of the lateral wings of the Sphenoid bone. It encloses the pituitary gland. Crista galli: •also known as "Cocks Comb.” A prominent ridge that projects above the superior surface of the echinoid bone. Cribriform plate: •Allows passage of the olfactory nerves, which provide the sense of smell Diagrams Sinuses Maxillary sinuses: lightens the weight of the bone Paranasal sinuses: helps protect the repertory system and reduces the weight of the skull. Warms the air that enters the body. Air filled chambers in the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, palatine, and maxillary bone make up the paranasal sinuses. Articulations Frontonasal Suture Internasal Suture Nasomaxillary Suture Sphenofrontal Suture Sphenozygomatic suture Zygomaticomaxillary Suture Frontolacrimal Suture Things That Can Go Wrong Congenital Proteus syndrome: uncontrolled tissue and bone growth. Creates deformities in face like long face, outside corners of the eye that point downward, low nasal bridge with wide nostrils, and an open mouth expression Cleft lip/ cleft palate: When the two maxilla bones don’t develop fully and create the inter nasal spine Trauma Broken nose: occurs when the Vomer or nasal septum brakes in half or is separated by a heavy impact to the face. Diseases of bone Bone cancer: Abnormal cellular activity Infections- such as syphilis in its later stages. It can create holes in the roof of the mouth. Bibliography http://webs.ashlandctc.org/mflath/key137axialappobject ives.htm http://www.brighthub.com/science/medical/articles/5741 9.aspx http://www.billcasselman.com/unpublished_works/sinus _origin.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxilla http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/835401overview http://face-andemotion.com/dataface/anatomy/facialbones.jsp