Download Key Civil War Battles

Key Civil War Battles
In a nutshell 
First Battle of Bull Run
• AKA : Manassases (named after river)
• Who: Union led by McDowell, Confederates led
by Beuregard and Stonewall Jackson
• Where: Northern VA
• What/How: 30,000 (U) troops attack
inexperienced (C)….(C) counterattack breaking
Union Lines
• Rebel Yell-scares off Union soldiers
• McClellan asked to head up the Army of the
Potomac (East)
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=buZ1M3iN
-UE
Monitor Vs. Merrimack
• War at Sea
• Why does this happen?
• The North has placed blockades in the South,
Confederates cannot export cotton or receive
supplies
• Who: (u) Monitor, (c) Merrimack aka “Virginia”
• Monitor goes South to engage battle. Both fire,
neither is sunk….considered Union success
• **1st battle between 2 metal covered ships
• Where: Off coast of VA
Battle of Shiloh
• Shiloh=Name of a church
• Who: (U) Ulysses S. Grant, (C) Beauregard, Sidney
Johnston
• Where: Corinth, Mississippi
• Why?
• Goal of the West is to gain control of the Miss
River
• What/How: Confederates launch surprise attack
• Day 1: Grant driven back
• Day 2: Union recovers, defeat Confederates
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tgym2bFv
u50
Ulysses S. Grant (U)
Antietam
(Single bloodiest day of war)
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The South’s plan to attack Maryland
Who: (U) McClellan (C) Robert E. Lee
Where: Antietam Creek, Maryland
What/How: Union officers find Lee’s plan in Maryland
field (they have time to prepare for Lee)
• 6,000 dead, 17,000 wounded
• Lee retreats to VA, Union victory
• **McClellan gets replaced by Ambrose Burnside
(McClellan didn’t listen to Abe and destroy the Rebels)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W
SILLYhYdTY
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tgym2bFv
u50
Emancipation Proclomation
• Before Antietam: Lincoln acts only to prevent
expansion of slavery (doesn’t want to move on
slavery because of border states)
• The North believes a blow at slavery would
weaken the South (fed families, more labor)
• Lincoln waits until the victory at Antietam to
free all African Americans in the South
(doesn’t want to seem desperate)
• Signed Jan 1, 1863
Effects of Emancipation Proclamation
1. Britain and France side with North (against
slavery)
2. Doesn’t really apply to South (they don’t
listen, only for Slaves in North)
3. Eventually, the 13th amendment is passed=
freed slaves
Slaves try to sneak away when soldiers
nearby
Gettysburg
• During this time, Lee is moving north (capital)
• Who: (U) Joseph Hooker, George Meade (replaces Hooker when
Lincoln gets made)
(C) Lee, George Pickett
Where: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
What/How: 3 day battle
Day 1: Union surprises Rebels, hold town and retreat to Cemetery Hill
Day 2: Rebels assault, counterattack saves Union
Day 3: Pickett’s Charge- 13,000 confederates rush toward Union (easy
targets to shoot at) only ½ survive
Lee retreats to VA
NC loses most of their men in this battle
Pickett’s Charge
Vicksburg
and other battles…
• Union laid siege to town of Vicksburg (above
Mississippi River) and Port Hudson…
• Why Important?
• Union now has control of entire Mississippi
• Turning point of war….
• After:
• 1. Grant gets appointed commander of all
Union forces (AKA “The Butcher”
Cont…
• Many battles around VA
• William Tecumseh Sherman takes ATL,
• ** Sherman’s March to the Sea: Captures
Savannah GA destroying everything in his way
(anything useful to the South)
• More battles won, Lincoln gains popularity and
wins election of 1864
• Richmond falls to Union troops in
1865(Confedrates set fire to keep out of Union
hands)
Appomattox
• Lee tries to escape Richmond, Union
surrounds him
• Lee surrenders to Grant in VA village
• Grant acts kindly towards Lee: lay down your
weapons, orders food be delivered to
confederate families, tells them go home
• Confederate troops in NC surrender to
Sherman
Results of War
• Most devastating conflict in history (600,000
soldiers die)
• Bitter feelings toward each other
• Damage in South
• Union is saved
• War shows that federal government is stronger
than states
• African Americans are free…. (are they treated
fairly?)
• NC loses 3x as many men as any other state