Download ecology - Denton ISD

ECOLOGY
Introduction
Ecology is about Cause and
Effect
 Looks
at the
Interaction &
 Interdependence
Of organisms to each other and to their
environment.

 We


have studied
Genus and species
populations
Expanding outward to…
ECOLOGY
 “ECO”
– “the Environment” /”nature”
 “OLOGY”- study of
 The
study of the interactions
between organisms within a
particular area.
Ecology vocabulary words:
 Individual
– single organism.
 Population – group of individuals who can
mate (species).
 Community – Groups of different populations
within a particular area.
 Ecosystem – Living and non-living things
within a particular area.
 Biome – Groups of similar ecosystems living
together.
 Biosphere – THE WHOLE WORLD
Ecosystem
Self-sustaining
collection of
organisms and their physical
environment
Biotic
– living things
Abiotic – non-living things
Biome
Major communities that occur
over wide areas on land
Scientists have divided the Earth
into 7-9 major biomes
Climate – temperature and
precipitation.
Climate dictates biomes.
Major Biomes of the Earth
PRIMARY PRODUCERS
In your groups define using two to three words
Niche-Animal’s role in the ecosystem.
Types of niches:
Herbivore Eats Producers
Omnivore Eats consumers and producers
Carnivore Eats only live animals.
Predator The hunter
Prey The hunted
Decomposer Break down dead and organic material
Scavenger Eats animals that are dead/ have been killed
FOOD CHAIN SETS:
In your group
 Put
your groups set in order
 Check
 Draw
another groups set
one of the food chains!
THE ARROW IN A FOOD WEB
SHOWS WHERE THE ENERGY
GOES TO!!
Arrows on the food web show
where the energy goes.
Various Relationships
 Mutualism
Both organisms benefit
 Neutralism
Neither organism benefits
 Competition
& Predation
One organism out runs another or takes over an area
 Commensalism
One benefits, nothing happens to the other.
 Parasitism
Host does not benefit, ONLY parasite does
Match the situation to one of the relationships
A.
A pack of wolves
and a bear fight
over a dead deer.
Two male lions
fight over a
female lion.
E.
C.
B.
F.
D.
A praying mantis Ox pecker birds picks
insect eats a
grasshopper.
parasites off the water
buffalo for food and
the water buffalo have
no parasites.
G.
A butterfly drinks Spring Wood Tigers A fungus grows
nectar from a flower
vs. Raiders
under a tree’s bark
and the flower gets
and causes it to
pollinated.
grow slowly.
H.
I.
L.
Barnacles attach to the
skin of whales where
they are able to capture
food. The whale is not
helped or harmed.
K
J.
Fleas suck blood
from a cat.
A tapeworm lives in
the intestines of a
person, causing illness
and weight loss.
Lichens use trees as Ants milk aphids for
a place to grow and honeydew (food) and
the aphids are
be protected. The
protected from
tree is not affected.
predators by the ants.
N.
M.
O.
P. A clown fish lives in
A blue jay bird pulls You have harmless
A lion chases,
a sea anemone. Clown
an earthworm out of eyelash mites living catches, kills, then fish guard them from
the ground and eats in your eyelash
eats a zebra
butterfly fish and sea
follicles
it
anemones give them a
home.