Download What are blood types?

What are blood types?
There are 3 alleles or genes for blood
type: A, B, & O. Since we have 2 genes,
there are 6 possible combinations.
Blood Types
AA or AO = Type A
BB or BO = Type B
OO = Type O
AB = Type AB
Average Percents…
Type O—46%
Type A—40%
Type B—10%
Type AB—4%
•
•
•
•
Rh Factors
• Scientists sometimes study Rhesus monkeys
to learn more about the human anatomy
because there are certain similarities between
the two species. While studying Rhesus
monkeys, a certain blood protein was
discovered. This protein is also present in the
blood of some people. Other people, however,
do not have the protein.
• The presence of the protein, or lack of it, is
referred to as the Rh (for Rhesus) factor.
• If your blood contains the protein, your blood
is said to be Rh positive (Rh+). If your blood
does not contain the protein, your blood is said
to be Rh negative (Rh-).
http://www.fi.edu/biosci/blood/rh.html
A+ AB+ BAB+ ABO+ O-
Blood Typing Test
Determines blood type and compatibility •
Figure 19–7
Red blood cell compatibility table
Recipient
OO+
AA+
BB+
ABAB+
Donor
O- O+ A- A+ B- B+ AB- AB+
the AB+ blood type is referred to as the "universal
recipient", as it possesses neither Anti-B or Anti-A
antibodies in its plasma, and can receive both Rhpositive and Rh-negative blood.
Similarly, the O− blood type is called the "universal
donor"; since its red blood cells have no A or B
antigens and are Rh-negative, no other blood type
will reject it.
Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
• A
child is Rh positive in Rh negative mother
• B
during pregnancy fetal Rh positive RBC’s escape into
maternal
circulation
• C
Mother produces antibodies to Rh (D) antigen. First baby
passes unharmed.
• D
Second pregnancy with Rh (D) positive child, these
antibodies can cross the placenta & cause destruction of fetal D
positive RBC’s.
• This is why Rh negative females are given Rhogam after birth of Rh
positive baby.