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The Universe
What’s in it?
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planets
moons
stars
solar systems
galaxies
nebulae
empty space
more?
What’s wrong with
this model of the
universe?
It is not to scale.
Nebulae
 Interstellar
cloud of dust and gasses
 Birthplace of stars
Galaxies
 collection
of stars, gas & dust held
together by gravity
 millions
of galaxies are known to exist
 galaxies can contain from hundreds of
thousands to one trillion stars
 3 major types
Galaxies: The Three Types
● Spiral galaxies
● spiral arms made of stars
● barred spiral - has two or more long
arms extending away from the central
“bar” cluster of stars
● Elliptical galaxies
● no spiral arms and no flattened disk
(think football)
● Irregular galaxies
● have no regular shape
Milky Way
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Spiral galaxy (Barred-Spiral)
100,000 light-years in diameter.
contains about 200 billion stars
Home to Our Sun
the Sun and Earth are located 2/3 away from
center in one of the outer spiral arms
● Sun orbits central Milky Way at about 235
km/s around the center of the galaxy
You are
here!
Andromeda Galaxy
 nearest
galaxy neighbor
 about
2.5 million light years away
 120,000 light years wide
A
spiral galaxy
 The largest galaxy in our local
group of galaxies
So Where Did It All Come From?
Scientifically believed origins:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Big Bang
Oscillating Universe
Geocentric Model
Heliocentric Model
Big Bang
 The
universe was created from
one, instantaneous, large
explosion outward
 most
widely scientific accepted
theory of the origin of the universe
Oscillating Universe
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states that the universe grows
outward until gravity pulls it back to
the center and then expands
outward over and over again
Geocentric Model
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states all celestial bodies orbit the
Earth
Heliocentric Model
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states all objects in our solar system circle
the Sun.