Download Immune System - GertzScience

Bi 10a,10b,10c

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiXcsoMj
b54
What struck you the most about this video?
• In relation to
infection….
What?

Something that causes
an infection
How?
• Deplete
nutrients
• Release
toxins that
damage cells

It doesn’t specifically
target ONE pathogen

General defense= not
specific defense

It is the first line of
defense of the body
How?
• Physical
barrier=won’t allow
pathogens to enter
• Secretions of
Mucus, Sweat,
Tears that contains
fighting agents

Presence of bacteria in
the bloodstream
Mortality Rate
36% Adults
60% Children


White blood cells come
to the rescue
LYMPHOCYTES= white
blood cells

The second line of defense begins

This mechanism is specific for the type of
pathogen
Produced where?
BONE MARROW

Found where?
BLOOD and LYMPH NODES


Antigen-is a protein molecule recognized by
the immune system as foreign.

It is a protein that is carried by a pathogen

It is found on the cell membrane of bacteria
or the protein coat of viruses.

If the protein is NOT YOURS, it is recognized
as an antigen by your white blood cells.

Your lymphocytes respond to antigens by
producing ANTIBODIES

It is a protein produced
by the lymphocytes
that attaches to
antigens.
Why?
• Less common:
Attach to
destroy
• More common:
attach to signal
other immune
cells to destroy
Both are proteins
 Antigen triggers antibody production
 The antibody produced fits the antigen like a
hand fits your gloves.
…..why is it specific?
 It takes the body 2 weeks to make antibodies

There has to be a faster way!
What?
• Weakened
pathogen
• Dead
pathogen
• Protein from
a pathogen
Since the pathogen is killed/weakened or in
pieces…
: It doesn’t cause the body to get sick BUT it
allows for the body to prepare the antibodies
in case the real pathogen gets in.
GOAL: produce antibodies without getting
you sick.

The body gets an advanced look so that it
wins the battle against the pathogen if ever it
arrives.

If the pathogen ever gets there the body has
a plan to make more antibodies

It remembers and recognizes the pathogen.

Vaccines DO NOT provide the antibodies for
the antigens! They provide the INFO for
WBCs to make the antibodies.

If you are vaccinated you are said to be
immune to a disease!
1. Which of these statements best describes
how the skin protects us from diseases in our
environment?

C. The skin acts as a physical barrier
preventing disease-causing microorganisms
from entering our bodies
Biologically produced proteins called
antibodies help the body fight infections in
which of these ways?

Antibodies attach to the surface proteins of
antigens, inactivating the pathogen or
signaling other immune cells to destroy the
foreign protein material

Group chart look up what diseases are
targeted by the vaccines on the chart
GROUP:
Choose one disease
Look up: description, causes, symptoms,
treatment, where you can find it, who gets it,
how the vaccine helps combat the pathogen.
- Create your own poster, information sheet
etc..detailing your research.

-

How does the immune system function in
protecting the body from infection through
the skin and the action of antibodies?

How does vaccination protect individuals
from infectious diseases?