Download Types of Solutions

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Ms. Samayoa
Chemistry
Birmingham Community Charter High School
Learning Target: Students will be familiar with terms
used to describe solutions. Students will also learn
how to use the Solubility Curve to determine
whether a solution is saturated, supersaturated, or
unsaturated.
Academic Vocabulary Words: saturated,
supersaturated, unsaturated, dilute, concentrated,
precipitate
DESCRIPTIONS OF SOLUTIONS:
DILUTE SOLUTION
A dilute solution contains a small amount
of dissolved solute relative to the amount
of solvent
DESCRIPTIONS OF SOLUTIONS:
CONCENTRATED SOLUTION
A concentrated solution contains a large
amount of dissolved solute relative to the
amount of solvent
DESCRIPTION OF SOLUTION:
UNSATURATED SOLUTION
An unsaturated solution contains less than
the maximum amount of solute that can be
dissolved at the given solvent temperature.
An unsaturated solution can dissolve more
solute
DESCRIPTION OF SOLUTIONS:
SATURATED SOLUTION
• A saturated solution contains the maximum
amount of the solute that can be dissolved
at a given solvent temperature
• In a saturated solution, if additional solute is
added, it will NOT DISSOLVE.
DESCRIPTION OF SOLUTIONS:
SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION
A supersaturated solution is an unstable
solution containing more than the maximum
amount of solute that can be dissolved at
the given water temperature.
HOW TO MAKE SUPERSATURATED
SOLUTIONS
• If you attempt to dissolve sugar in water, you reach a
point where you cannot dissolve any more sugar.
• This is called saturated solution.
• However, if you heat this solution, more sugar will
dissolve
• When the solution is cooled, the sugar will remain in
solution
• This is called a supersaturated solution.
DESCRIPTION OF SOLUTIONS
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
Study vocabulary words for pop quiz
SOLUBILITY CURVES
Since it is difficult to
classify a solution
just by looking at it,
the Solubility Curve
is often used to
determine and
describe a solution
Solubility curves can be used to
answer the following questions:
• How many grams of solute is
needed to form a saturated
solution?
• Is a solution saturated,
unsaturated, or supersaturated?
• Which solute is most or least
soluble?
• Which solute is most or lest dilute?
• Which solute is more or least
concentrated?
Solid solutes (ex. KCl) have curves
with POSITIVE SLOPES because the
solubility of a solid INCREASES as
solvent temperature INCREASES
Gaseous solutes (ex. NH3) have
curves with NEGATIVE SLOPES
because the solubility of a gas
decreases as solvent temperature
DECREASES
HOW TO DETERMING TYPE OF
SOLUTION FROM SOLUBILITY CURVE
1. Locate temp of solution, then go up the temp line
2. Stop when you’ve gone up as high as the solute
amount in solution
VERY IMPORTANT:
If 100g H2O: Make no change to grams of solute
If 50g H2O: Double grams of solute first
If 200g H2O: Cut grams of solute in half first
3. Note where you’ve stopped relative to the curve.
HOW TO DETERMING TYPE OF
SOLUTION FROM SOLUBILITY CURVE
If you stop:
Above the curve: Solution is supersaturated
On the curve: Solution is saturated
Below the curve: Solution is unsaturated
EXAMPLE
A solution containing 75 grams
of KNO3 in 100 grams of water
at 50oC is best classified as
1) Unsaturated
2) Supersaturated
3) Saturated
EXAMPLE
A solution containing 15 grams
of NH3 in 100 grams of water
at 90oC is best classified as
1) Unsaturated
2) Supersaturated
3) Saturated
EXAMPLE
A solution of KCl contains 90
grams of the solute in 200g of
water at 60oC. This solution
can be best classified as
1) Unsaturated
2) Supersaturated
3) Saturated
EXAMPLE
If 70 grams of KI is dissolved
in 50 g of H2O at 10oC, what
will be the best description
of this solution?
1) Unsaturated
2) Supersaturated
3) Saturated