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Chapter 28 Notes
Protists
Protists
Protists exhibit more structural and
functional diversity than any other
group of organisms.
- all are eukaryotic
- most are unicellular, but some are
colonial or multicellular
Protists
Protists
Protists are divided into 3 categories:
- Animal-like are heterotrophs which
consume other organisms.
- Plant-like make their own food
through photosynthesis just as plants
do.
- Fungus-like acquire their nutrients by
decomposing dead organisms.
Protists
The large diversity in protists is a result of
endosymbiosis
- early eukaryotes were the result of
acquiring mitochondria
- a second acquiring of photosynthetic
cyanobacteria which evolved into a
plastid; led to photosynthetic algae
Protists
Protists
Protists can move in different ways:
- by using a tail-like structure called a
flagella
- through the use of cilia, which are
short, hair-like structures that cover
the cell surface
- by using a fake foot, or pseudopod
Protists
Animal-like protists are often referred to
as protozoa.
- some animal-like protists are parasitic
and cause diseases such as malaria and
African sleeping sickness.
Protists
Protists
Plantlike protists
-can be one-cell or multicellular
- can live in soil, on trees, and in both
fresh water and salt water.
- do not have roots, stems, leaves
Protists
Protists
Euglenoids
- single-celled organisms that swim using
flagella
Dinoflagellates
-single-celled protists that are primarily
marine plankton
Protists
Diatoms
-single-celled algae that releases into the
environment approximately half of the
oxygen that we breathe.
Algae
- green algae are multicellular, and contain
chlorophyll, but they are not considered
plants because they don’t have roots,
stems, or leaves.
Protists
Protists
Funguslike Protists
- Oomycetes
- have hyphae but cell walls are made
of cellulose, not chitin
- usually have flagella
- do not carry out photosynthesis;
instead are parasites or decomposers
Protists