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Ancient China The 4 Old-World River Valley Cultures Early China • The Chinese lived in isolation from the rest of the world • Middle Kingdom • Less break between RVC and Classical in China Geography • 3 Major rivers –Huang He (Yellow River) –Yangtze –Xi Jiang Geography • Developed along the Huang He (Yellow River) – WHY??? • Flooding Partner Discussion • Given what we have learned with the previous three RVCs, what might you conclude the Yellow River’s flooding led the Chinese to do? Irrigation Systems Four Thousand Years of Civilization • Chinese civilization • Many Technologies Dynasties • Dynasties – Definition • Dynastic Cycle – Pattern Shang Rule: c.1500 – 1100 B.C.E. • The Shang Dynasty (1500 to 1100 B.C.E. ) • Thirty kings Shang Religion • The Shang were polytheistic • Ancestor Veneration • Significance • Harmonious Connection Between Humans and Nature The Zhou Dynasty c.1046–256 B.C.E • Overthrow of the Shang 1046 B.C.E. • Zhou Dynasty – Claim Mandate of Heaven – What is this??? Mandate of Heaven • Definition • Importance Zhou Expansion • The Zhou set up… • This led to… Zhou Regional Rulers • Ruled by regional rulers – Who were they? • Peasants… • Feudal… Noblemen Grew in Power • This form of government… • However… • Why?? Discussion Question • What do you suspect the increased power of the regional rulers meant for the Zhou Dynasty? Warring States • Zhou fight a rebellion in 771 B.C.E – Result • Competing interests Science and Technology • • • • By about 2000 B.C.E Tools Well Developed… Military Technology: – Horses – Fortifications Science and Technology • Advanced astronomy • Lack monumental building – Why??? – Some tombs The Beginning of writing in China… •Pictographs Sun eventually developed into… Moon Water •Ideographs •Developed into… Modern Chinese characters Calligraphy ~ artistic writing Trade and Interaction • Overland Trade • Contact with Nomadic peoples – Northwest • Effect: – Positive – Negative