Download Coronal planes

Introduction
Anatomy:-
which is the science of the structure and function of the body.
Clinical anatomy:-
is the study of the macroscopic structure and function of the body.
Basic anatomy:-
is the study of the minimal amount of anatomy consistent with the understanding of
the overall structure and function of the body.
Descriptive anatomy
concerns the pattern of arrangement of the different body components.
Regional anatomy: study of various systems found within a discrete
portion of the body.
Systemic anatomy: study of a particular system as it is traced
throughout the whole body
Developmental anatomy:is the sequence of event taking place to produce a new full-term human
being.
System:-
Organs that work together to perform major body functions like breathing,
digesting, moving and reacting to external stimuli.
Cardiovascular: composed of the heart, blood and blood vessels
(arteries, veins and capillaries)
Digestive: composed of the oral cavity, pharynx, stomach and intestines
Endocrine: involving glands that secrete hormones
Integumentary: composed of skin, hair and nails
Muscular: composed of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles
Nervous: composed of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
and sensory organs
Respiratory: composed of airways and lungs
Skeletal: composed of bones and cartilage
PARTS OF THE BODY
Anatomic position:-
the person is standing erect
the upper limbs by the sides and palms
of the hands directed forward
the face and eyes looking to the
front
the feet close together
The imaginary planes
The median sagittal plane:is an imaginary vertical longitudinal plane passing
through the center of the body, from front to back,
dividing it into equal right and left halves.
The paramedian (sagittal):-
Planes situated to one or the other side of the median
plane and parallel to it.
Coronal planes;-
are imaginary vertical planes at right angles to the
median plane, which divides the body into anterior
and posterior part.
Midcoronal plane:-
coronal plane which divides any part into anterior and
posterior equal halves.
Horizontal or transverse planes (axial):-
are at right angles to both the median and coronal
planes parallel to the floor or ceiling, it divides the
body into upper and lower parts.
Axes: -
Vertical axis:-
perpendicular to the transverse plane.
Antero-posterior axis:-
perpendicular to the coronal plane.
Transverse axis:-
perpendicular to the median plane.
Antero-posterior axis: perpendicular to the
coronal plane.
Transverse axis: perpendicular to the median
plane.
Lines
Anterior midline: line of meeting between
the median plane and the anterior surface of
the body.
Posterior midline: line of meeting between the median plane
and the posterior surface of the body.
TERMS RELATED TO POSITION
Medial: A structure situated nearer to the median plane of the body
than another.
Median is in the median plane.
Lateral a structure that lies farther away from the median plane than another
Anterior (ventral) nearer the front of the body
Posterior (dorsal) nearer the back of the body
Palmar is the anterior surface of the hand.
Plantar is the lower surface of the foot.
Dorsal is the posterior surface of the hand and upper surfaces of the foot.
Proximal is close to the origin of a structure.
Distal is away from the origin of a structure.
Superficial near the skin.
Deep farther away from the surface.
Superior and inferior the upper or lower end of the body respectively.
Internal and external are used to describe the relative distance of a structure
from the center of an organ or cavity
Central is close to the center of the body mass.
Peripheral is away from the center of body mass.
Ipsilateral refers to the same side of the body; for example, the left
hand and left foot are ipsilateral.
Contralateral refers to opposite sides of the body.
Supine position of the body is lying on the back.
Apron position of the body is lying on the front.