Download One Europe Several Europes

One Europe
Several
Europes
Continental Unity and Diversity
Opening Address to Peace Congress,
August 21, 1849
Victor Hugo
A day will come when your arms will fall even from your hands! A day will come
when war will seem as absurd and impossible between Paris and London, between
Petersburg and Berlin, between Vienna and Turin, as it would be impossible and
would seem absurd today between Rouen and Amiens, between Boston and
Philadelphia. A day will come when you France, you Russia, you Italy, you England,
you Germany, you all, nations of the continent, without losing your distinct
qualities and your glorious individuality, will be merged closely within a superior
unit and you will form the European brotherhood, just as Normandy, Brittany,
Burgundy, Lorraine, Alsace, all our provinces are merged together in France. A day
will come when the only fields of battle will be markets opening up to trade and
minds opening up to ideas. A day will come when the bullets and the bombs will be
replaced by votes, by the universal suffrage of the peoples, by the venerable
arbitration of a great sovereign senate which will be to Europe what this
parliament is to England, what this diet is to Germany, what this legislative
assembly is to France. A day will come when we will display cannon in museums
just as we display instruments of torture today, and are amazed that such things
could ever have been possible. (...)
Key Term: Supranational Organization
What are some of the
common traits and
differences between
European States?
Warsaw, Poland
Athens, Greece
Romania
What are the borders and
limits of the European
Union?
Europe over the Centuries
Europe according to the EU
• Geopolitics of the European Union
• European Union's associations, partnerships
and alliances
Eurozone
Countries
2015
Schengen Members 2013
Source: ec.europa.eu
2013
Council of Europe:
Founding nations in yellow
EU Members in 2013
I. European Civilization
A. Based on common culture and history
– History: succession of historical periods
Greeks/Romans
Christianized
Western
Civilization
Industrial Era
– The source of many innovations around the world
e.g. law, philosophy
• Humanism, the Printing press
Thomas More
Erasmus
• The Enlightenment
Scientific
Discoveries
Salons
• Political Revolutions
and the defense of human rights
The French
Revolution
Declaration of
the Rights of Man
• Many artistic and cultural movements
Impressionism
Cubism
Classicism
• Industrial Era
– Europe consolidates its economic headstart and
innovative ways of thinking
Steam Engines
Europe, center of Industrial Power
• Video: Europe’s Industry, Europe’s heartbeat
The EU in the World
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, High
Representative for the Common Foreign
and Security Policy Javier Solana, and EU
Commissioner Benita Ferrero-Waldner
The EU is a global
player.
Its soft power
promotes stability,
prosperity,
democracy and
human rights,
delivers concrete
results in the fight to
eradicate poverty,
and in achieving
sustainable
development.
Addressing Global Challenges
• Peace & Security
– Works for global peace and security
alongside the United States and
multilateral organizations – including
NATO and the United Nations.
– Undertakes humanitarian and
peacekeeping missions and has
provided military forces for crisis
management around the globe.
• Counterterrorism & Homeland Security
– Taken steps to improve intelligence
sharing, enhance law enforcement and
judicial cooperation, curtail terrorist
financing.
– Boosts trade and transport security to
support the struggle against terrorism.
Addressing Global Challenges
• Democracy & Human Rights
– Works globally for free elections and
open democratic processes.
– Fights racism and intolerance at home
and abroad.
– Campaigns globally against capital
punishment.
• Development Assistance & Humanitarian
Relief
– The EU and its Member States are the
world’s largest aid donor, providing
55% of total official development
assistance.
– Provides billions of dollars in
humanitarian aid to more than 100
countries in response to crises and
natural disasters.
Addressing Global Challenges
• Trade
– European Commission represents all
27 EU Member States before the
World Trade Organization.
– Supports free trade and open
markets, within the rules-based
structure of the WTO, to promote
growth and jobs in both industrialized
and developing countries.
– The world's most open market for
products and commodities from
developing countries – 40% of all EU
imports are from developing
countries.
Addressing Global Challenges
Source: German Information Center USA
• Environmental Protection
– A leader in global efforts to
protect the environment,
maintaining rigorous and
comprehensive systems at home.
– Plays a key role in developing and
implementing international
agreements, such as the Kyoto
Protocol on Climate Change.
– Executing a “cap and trade”
system to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions
– Takes the lead in the fight against
global warming with the adoption
of binding energy targets (cutting
20% of the EU’s greenhouse gas
emissions by 2020).
Conclusion
• The EU constitutes a group of developed
countries. 500 million inhabitants who possess
considerable buying power and who on the
whole benefit from a strong level of
development. The EU space is a space of
freedom which renders it attractive.
• The EU is a political construction which sets
standards (human rights, the environment,
technology, etc.) carries values , making
Europe unique compared to other integrated
regions around the world.
Homework
• Review Key Terms (3 pages)
• Reading:
– Text: “Human Geography – The European Union”
– Text: “Europe’s Contested Geography”