Download Cellular Respiration Notes

CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Biology B-Day 11/22/16
Bellringer
 Why does a person
get type II diabetes?

Without insulin, a
person cannot do
what?
Agenda
 Bellringer
 Technology Lesson (A1)
 Test Corrections
 Cellular Respiration
Virtual Lab
Biology B-Day 11/22/16
Bellringer
 Why does a person get
type II diabetes?


Diet, lack of exercise,
over-production of insulin
Without insulin, a person
cannot do what?

Signal the cells to take in
glucose
Agenda
 Bellringer
 Technology Lesson (A1)
 Test Corrections
 Cellular Respiration
Virtual Lab
Chemical Energy and Food


Cells need to break down food energy into useable
energy
All living things (eukaryotes) go through cellular
respiration – even plants
Why is this process called cellular
respiration?


Cells need oxygen in order to break down sugars
into useable energy
Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down
sugars
Cellular Respiration

Aerobic – requires oxygen

Takes place in mitochondria
Cellular Respiration

Glucose cannot be made directly into ATP
 Three
step process
 Glycolysis
 Krebs
Cycle
 Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis




Takes place in the cytoplasm
Breaks glucose down into 2 pyruvic acid/pyruvates
(3-carbon compounds)
Makes 2 molecules of ATP
Anaerobic – no oxygen needed
Glycolysis


Needs 2 molecules of ATP to begin
Releases 4 ATP total
-2 ATP in
+ 4 ATP out
+2 ATP out

Net production of energy = 2
ATP
Glycolysis


Removal of 4 high energy electrons
Transfer to NAD+
 Forms
NADH
 (similar to NADPH)
Glycolysis


Glycolysis can proceed without oxygen
If there is oxygen present:
 Krebs
cycle
 Electron Transport Chain

Without oxygen (Anaerobic respiration)
 Fermentation
Krebs Cycle




Also known as the Citric Acid Cycle
Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria
Breaks down pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide
Produces 2 ATP
Electron Transport Chain





Energy carrying molecules (NADH) from glycolysis
and the Krebs cycle enter the ETC
Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane
Use oxygen
Makes 34 ATP molecules
Heat, energy (ATP) and water are byproducts
Balanced Equation for Cellular
Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
(ATP)
Cellular Respiration
Fermentation

Occurs without oxygen in the cell
 Anaerobic


Releases energy from food and occurs with
Glycolysis
Two main types:
 Alcoholic
fermentation
 Lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation

Converts pyruvic acid and NADH into NAD+, ethyl
alcohol and carbon dioxide

Pyruvic acid + NADH  alcohol + CO2 + NAD+

In yeast
 Allows
bread to rise
Lactic Acid Fermentation

Regenerates NAD+ to continue glycolysis

Pyruvic acid + NADH  lactic acid + NAD+

Produced in muscles during prolonged exercise
 When
lack of oxygen, muscles make lactic acid
 Lactic acid build up in muscles burns
Chart of # of ATP produced during
Cellular Respiration
Step
Total # ATP Produced
Glycolysis
2
Krebs Cycle
2
Electron Transport Chain
34
Total
38
MiniQuiz
Name the three parts of cellular respiration.
1.
1.
Where do they occur?
6.
What is needed for cellular respiration to occur?
What is released at the end of cellular respiration?
Write the balanced equation for cellular respiration.
What are the two types of fermentation?
When does lactic acid fermentation occur?
7.
How are ATP, NADPH and NADH similar?
2.
3.
4.
5.