* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Parts of Speech Review - jaguar-language-arts
Udmurt grammar wikipedia , lookup
Kannada grammar wikipedia , lookup
Lexical semantics wikipedia , lookup
Navajo grammar wikipedia , lookup
Compound (linguistics) wikipedia , lookup
Old Irish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Arabic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Preposition and postposition wikipedia , lookup
Lithuanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Macedonian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Georgian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Chinese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Zulu grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ukrainian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ojibwe grammar wikipedia , lookup
Portuguese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old Norse morphology wikipedia , lookup
Modern Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Russian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Romanian nouns wikipedia , lookup
Romanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Vietnamese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Modern Hebrew grammar wikipedia , lookup
Latin syntax wikipedia , lookup
Japanese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old English grammar wikipedia , lookup
Swedish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Esperanto grammar wikipedia , lookup
Sotho parts of speech wikipedia , lookup
Spanish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Icelandic grammar wikipedia , lookup
French grammar wikipedia , lookup
Italian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Yiddish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Scottish Gaelic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Malay grammar wikipedia , lookup
Pipil grammar wikipedia , lookup
Serbo-Croatian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Parts of Speech Review Nouns TAKE NOTES IN THE GRAMMAR SECTION OF YOUR BINDER. Nouns A word or word group that is used to name a person, a place, a thing, or an idea Compound Nouns 2 words for the price of 1 One word: grandfather, baseball, football Hyphenated word: mother-in-law, light-year Two words (that go together): grand piano, jumping jack What do these words have in common? Eiffel Tower Auburn Pirates of the Caribbean “Lost” Ms. Foster Harry Potter President Obama Percy Jackson and the Brian London Lightning Thief Atlanta Braves “Single Ladies” Proper Nouns Proper noun: names a particular person, place, thing, or idea Which president? President Obama Which teacher? Ms. Foster Which totally awesome literary character? Harry Potter Which favorite TV show of Ms. Foster? Lost Proper nouns begin with a capital letter. What do these words have in common? country song girl movie dog table hairspray chicken freedom shoe religion language truth toothpaste Common Nouns Common noun: names any person, place, thing, or idea (or group of people, places, things, or ideas.) Common nouns are usually not capitalized. What is the difference between the two categories? bridge love Jordan-Hare Stadium fun chicken wing truth daisy wisdom strawberry Judaism music self-esteem Johnny Depp humor Concrete noun: names a person, place, or thing that can be seen, heard, tasted, touched, or smelled Abstract noun: names an idea, a feeling, a quality, or a characteristic It cannot be touched, heard, seen, tasted, or smelled. Collective Nouns A word that names a group Examples: herd, team, family, crew, batch, class, jury, committee Jot Thoughts Ms. Foster has put posters around the room. In groups, you will travel to each poster. When Ms. Foster says “go”, you will have 30 seconds to write down as many nouns as possible. Categories: Person, place, thing, idea Each group with write in a different color so you can see how your group did. Social skill: Moving around room, quiet voices Pronouns TAKE NOTES IN THE GRAMMAR SECTION OF YOUR BINDER. Why do we need pronouns? Ms. Fralish is my roommate. Ms. Fralish is a coach at the high school. Ms. Fralish’s students call Ms. Fralish Ms. FrayFray. Ms. Fralish likes to sing in the car on the way to school. When other drivers see Ms. Fralish, they might think Ms. Fralish is talking to Ms. Fralish. On the flip side…Who is he? He went to Publix yesterday. In his cart, he had bread, milk, and cheese. He was in line at the check-out counter. He handed him $10.50. He unloaded the groceries into his car. When he was backing out of his parking spot, he hit his car. Why do writers use pronouns? Pronouns Pronoun: a word that is used in place of one or more nouns The word or word group that a pronoun stands for is called its antecedent. Example: When other drivers see Ms. Fralish, they might think Ms. Fralish is talking to Ms. Fralish. When other drivers see Ms. Fralish, they might think she is talking to herself. Personal Pronouns A personal pronoun refers to the one speaking, the one being spoken to, or the one being spoken about. First person personal pronouns: I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours Second person personal pronouns: you, your, yours Third person personal pronouns: he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their, theirs Use personal pronouns in place of some the nouns. When I turned on the lie detector, the lie detector told me the lie detector had a headache. When I turned on the lie detector, _____ told me ____ had a headache. If the doctor ever shows up, ask the doctor if the doctor will deliver the baby. If the doctor ever shows up, ask ________ if ______ will deliver the baby. Gertrude threw the banana cream pie at the judge, but Gertrude later apologized. Gertrude threw the banana cream pie at the judge, but ______ later apologized. How and why do writers organize information? COMPOSING STRONG PARAGRAPHS Find the topic sentence, supporting details, and conclusion in these paragraphs: Winter is my favorite season, because I like the clothes, the food, and the activities. In the winter, I can wear a big coat and my favorite sweater. When it’s cold, I can eat hot foods and soup. I like to drink hot chocolate too. Best of all, I enjoy many winter activities. I can play in the snow and make a snowman. I can go skiing, ice skating, or stay at home by the fireplace. These things make winter my favorite season. What do paragraphs look like? American food is fast, cheap, and tasty. Some countries have food that takes a long time to make, but Americans like to eat fast food, for example: hot dogs, hamburgers, and sandwiches. American food is not too expensive. Some people don’t like American food, but I think it tastes great. You can put ranch dressing on everything to make it taste delicious. If you are looking for food that is fast, cheap, and tasty, you should try American food. Do all the sentences in this paragraph stay focused on the topic? I don’t like tests. Every time I take a test, I feel nervous. When I study for a test, I don’t know if I will be able to get a good grade. Often I worry about taking a test and can’t sleep. Sometimes I daydream or draw pictures in class. After the test is over, I worry about my grade. When my teacher gives the test back to me with a grade, I still can’t relax, because I know I will have another test soon. Tests give me a lot of stress. That is why I don’t like tests. What would be a topic sentence for this paragraph? _________________. You don’t have to take a cat for a walk every day like a dog. You do not have to wash cats, because they know how to clean themselves. If you want to go on vacation, you can leave some food and water for your cat, and it will be okay. A cat can sleep on your bed and keep you warm at night. I think these things make cats good pets. What is a concluding sentence for this paragraph? Halloween is a traditional American holiday. Americans celebrate it every year on October 31st. Children dress in Halloween costumes and go trickor-treating. Adults have parties and decorate their homes. The stores sell a lot of candy and black and orange decorations. At parties people eat cupcakes and drink apple cider. They also carve pumpkins to make jack-o-lanterns. ____________________. From ReadWriteThink: Adapted from “Teaching Writing” by Rebekah Martindale The Hamburger Paragraph Topic sentence Supporting details Conclusion sentence Verbs WHAT ARE YOU DOING? Verbs A verb expresses action or a state of being. Action: We celebrated the win yesterday. John ran up the stairs to get to his next class. State of being: Halloween is an American holiday. The Jaguars are the best team at DMS. What are they doing? What are they doing? The Saints celebrate their victory. Action Verbs Action verbs: express physical activity Serena Williams swings her racket. Tim Tebow throws the football. Michael Phelps swims really fast. Lee Dewyze sang on the American Idol stage. The Saints celebrated their victory. Action verbs continued Action verbs express mental activity Alison thought about the problem before answering. Jeramiya believes Jaylon when he says he cut his finger. Identify the Action Verbs 1. For a science project, Maura built a volcano. 2. Ms. Evans carefully explained the word problem to each of the students. 3. I remembered to grade your homework. 4. Dr. Jones wishes he was as cool as Ms. Foster. 5. Scotty’s bike suddenly skidded and fell hard on the pavement. Who is she??? Linking Verbs Linking verb: A verb that expresses a state of being. It connects, or links, the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes that subject. Example: Beyonce is a singer. More examples: Beyonce seems nice. The verb, seems, links nice to the subject, Beyonce. Beyonce sounds amazing. Common linking verbs appear feel look seem sound taste become grow remain smell stay turn Forms of Be am were is has been shall be are have been may be was had been might be would have been will be can be should be More Examples of Linking Verbs Serena Williams is a tennis player. Tim Tebow remained focused at the game. Michael Phelps becomes a fish in the water. Lee Dewyze is this year’s American Idol. Substitute an equals (=) sign for each linking verb. If the subject and predicate part are the same, then you have a linking verb! Beyonce = a singer. Beyonce is a singer. Chocolate ice cream tastes delicious. Chocolate ice cream = delicious Helping Verbs Helping verb: “helps” the main verb express action or state of being. In other words, it helps the linking verb or action verb. Examples: can sing, did swim, has taught Common helping verbs: has, had, have, can, might, could, should, may, will, did, was http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRdxXPV9GNQ List five verbs that you see in the video clip. List more if you can! Create three sentences using those verbs. Adjectives THE PAINT OF LANGUAGE Adjectives Adjective: a word that is used to modify (or describe) a noun or pronoun Tells what kind, which one, how much, or how many about a noun What kind? Curly hair, young kids, busy dentist Which one? Seventh grade, that road, any movie How much/many? Many days, ten dollars, no pens Adjectives Some words that typically stand alone as nouns may be used as adjectives in some circumstances. taco (noun) football (noun) taco soup (adjective) football game (adjective) Can you think of another example? Proper Adjectives Just like proper nouns, proper adjectives are capitalized. Examples: Thanksgiving dinner, African continent Proper adjective Noun Adverb Adverbs Adverb: a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb Adverbs answer: Where? When? How? How often? How long? To what extent? How much? Adverbs may be in different places in a sentence. Adverbs usually end in ly. Examples Alexis spoke loudly so everyone could hear her. The fire blazed wildly through the forest. Sometimes John finishes early and reads a book. Words Often Used as Adverbs Questions Adverbs that answer the question Where? away, here, inside, there, up When? later, now, soon, then, tomorrow How? clearly, easily, quietly, slowly How often? Or How long? always, usually, continuously, never, forever, briefly To what extent? Or How much? almost, so, too, more, least, extremely, quite, very, not Walking Charades One class member will draw an adverb out of the bucket. He or she has one minute to act out the verb walk in the style of the adverb. “Act out” what you got! Your team will try to guess what adverb you have in the one minute time frame. Each time we guess correctly, I will put a scoop of popcorn in the jar. Preposition Preposition Preposition: A word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word. Notice how a preposition changes a sentence: The dog next to the mailbox is mine. The dog in front of the mailbox is mine. The dog near the mailbox is mine. How does the relationship change between the dog and the mailbox? Please look at your handout for a list of commonly used prepositions. The Prepositional Phrase Preposition + Noun (object of the preposition) + any modifiers= prepositional phrase The dog in front of the mailbox is mine. in front of= preposition the= modifier mailbox=object of the preposition The Prepositional Phrase A preposition may have more than one object. Allie’s phone call to Frank and Chris contained happy news. Conjunction Conjunctions Conjunction: a word that joins words together Coordinating conjunctions: connect words or phrases in a sentence For And Nor But Or Yet So Examples Should I go to the dance with Mike or Bryan? (2 nouns) That teacher is strict but fair. (2 adjectives) Her house is over the river and through the woods. (2 prepositional phrases) Subway is good, but Chic-fil-A is better. (2 statements/complete thoughts) Correlative Conjunctions They are pairs of conjunctions. These pairs work together in a sentence. Both/and, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also Examples: Mary not only sings but also plays guitar. I will eat with either Laci or Kasey. Interjection Interjection Interjection: a word that expresses emotion An interjection just sits by itself in a sentence. Usually, an interjection is followed by an exclamation point. Sometimes, the interjection is set off by a comma. Commonly used interjections: aha, oops, well, wow, yikes, yippee, rats