Download Ch. 6 Skeletal System Study Guide When a fracture breaks the skin

Ch. 6 Skeletal System Study Guide
1. When a fracture breaks the skin, it is known as a: Compound OR Open
2. Which of these are nutritional disorders?
Gigantism, Warts, Rickets, Osteosarcoma, Scurvy
3. Osteomyelitis is an example of: infection of the bone
4. What allows your body to absorb ingested calcium from the digestive tract?
Calcium
5. What vices, according to your text, decreases bone mass?
Avoid Smoking, Caffeine; make sure to include diet and weight bearing
exercises
6. What is the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts?
Osteoblast build; Osteoclast clear
7. Where are osteoprogenitor cells found? Periosteum, Endosteum, & Compact
Bone
8. The phalanges and ulna are examples of what type of bone? Long
9. The mandible and cervical vertebrae are examples of what type of bone?
Short
10. The parietal and scapulae bones are examples of what type of bone? Flat
11. What substance is housed in the medullary cavity, yet absent in the
trabeculae? Yellow
12. What type of bony tissue makes up the adult diaphysis? Compact
13. Mature bone cells are clinically called osteocytes
14. The formation of red blood cells is called hemopoIesis
15. Nodding the head in an aggressive gesture of “yes” is employing what
movement? Flexion & Extension
16. Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone is called tendon.
17. Moving he joints of the ankle and foot so that the sole of one foot is facing
away from the other is an example of what movement? Eversion
18. What bones belong to the axial skeleton? Skull, Ribs, Sternum, Vertebral
Column
19. What bones belong to the appendicular skeleton?
Clavicle, Scapula, Pelvis, Arms, Legs
20. What are the three parts of the sternum? Give a brief description of each.
1. Manubrium – Top; wide portion
2. Sternum- Body; middle portion
3. Xiphoid Process; point at the bottom
21. 4 types of vertebrae, where they are located, and how many there are.
1. Cervical 7 Neck
2. Thoracic 12 Chest
3. Lumbar 5 Lower back
4. Sacral 5 Upper Portion of the butt
22. Besides depression and elevation, what other action can the mandible
preform? Protraction & Retraction
23. Which of the following is not true of osteoporosis? men cannot get it,
24. What type of arthritis is due to a buildup of acid and what is the name of the
acid? Gout; Uric Acid
25. A lateral curvature of the spine is called Scoliosis.
Ch. 6 Skeletal System Study Guide
26. List the 4 types of bone classification according to shape.
1. Long
2. Short
3. Flat
4. Irregular
27. List the types of congenital disorders we discussed.
Achondroplasia, Cleft Palate, Clubfoot, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Kyphosis,
Scoliosis, Lordosis
28. This type of fracture, in which the bone is splintered, is common in patients
with osteoporosis: Comminuted
29. What is a disorder that causes lumbar pain? Herniated disk
30. Be able to label the long bone and the anterior/posterior view of the skeleton
31. What is the difference between an NSAID and acetaminophen?
A
P
O
K
Q
N
I
R
J
M
L
G
B
F
E
C
H
D
U
T
W
BB
AA
S
V
X
Y
Z
1. True Ribs
2. Ellipsoidal
3. Synovial
4. Ball and Socket
5. Gliding
6. Saddle
7. Pivot
8. Condyloid
9. Cartilaginous
10. Fibrous
11. Hinge
12. False Ribs
13. Diaphysis
14. Epiphysis
15. Osteocyte
16. Spongy Bone
17. Compact Bone
18. Osteogenesis
19. Osteoarthritis
20. Rheumatoid Arthritis
21. Ligament tear
22. Gout
23. Kyphosis
24. Osteomyelitis
25. Osteoporosis
26. Tendonitis
27. Rickets
28. Herniated disk
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
Vertebrosternal
Shaft of the long bone; contains yellow marrow
Trabeculae are found here; Cancellous bone
Formation of bone
Mature bone cell
Widened end of long bones; contains red marrow
Vertebrocostal
Bone that is dense; gives bone its strength
Neck and forearm; rotates
Found at the pubic symphysis and joining ribs to sternum
Hips and shoulder; multiple movement
Knees and elbow; allows for flexion and extension
Found on the cranium; sutures
Base of the thumb; multiple movements
Fluid in a joint cavity
Knuckles, oval shaped bone ends; allows for
adduction/abduction
q. Found between the carpals and between the tarsals
r. Found between wrist bones and the forearm bones; allows
biaxial movement
s. Antibiotics, surgery, prevention
t. Anti-inflammatories, steroids, methotrexate, immune
suppressants, exercise, surgery
u. Heat, exercise, anti-inflammatories, surgery
v. Calcium supplements, exercise, estrogen replacement
w. Rest, immobilization, surgery
x. Pain medication, rest, heat, ice
y. Vitamin D supplement
z. Rest, heat, exercise, medication, training in lifting
techniques, surgery
aa. Exercise, physical therapy, bracing
bb. Diet, medication, rest, exercise