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KINGDOM PROTISTA Protists- the hodge- podge group Basics Eukaryotic 3 groups- animal like -Protozoans plant like- Algae fungi like- Slime molds Evolved from a symbiotic relationship: 1 prokaryote engulfed another (like a mitochondrial or chloroplast like cell) ENDOSYMBIOSIS Protozoans- animal like HOW THEY MOVE PSEUDOPOD FLAGELLA CILIA SPORES (SPOROZOAN) Example Sarcodines Amoeba Zooflagellates Giardia Ciliates Paramecium Plasmodium Environment Salt and fresh water 1.Streams 2. Gut of termite 3. Parasite in human DT Ponds and streams Gut of mosquito/ blood of humans Special Structures Contractile vacuole- pumps out excess water Help digest cellulose Ingest food through oral groove and gullet Macro and micronucleus Produce sporesneed intermediate host like mosquito Diseases Amoebic dysentery Giardiasis Malaria Pseudopods stream in different directions to make amoeba move. Single celled Pseudopods surround food and engulf it Giardia Can cause giardiasis. Usually from contaminated water. Called backpackers diarrhea Paramecium Use cilia to sweep food into oral groove and then digest in the gullet. Has 2 nuclei- I macro and 1 micro Plasmodium Causes malaria Lives in gut of mosquito Mosquito bites human Injects some sporesthey germinate and live in the blood ALGAE-Plant like Contain chlorophyll or other pigment Can be unicellular, multicellular or colonial 7 types Euglenophyte: Euglena Unique because they can do photosynthesis and ingest food(heterotrophic). Has an EYESPOT which helps detect light so it can swim towards it to photosynthesize Has a flagella for movement Pellicle- thick outer covering Chrysophyte:Golden Algae Many unicellular Some colonial Gold colored chloroplast Diatoms Contain chlorophyll Photosynthetic Shell made of SILICAused for abrasives in cleansers like toothpaste Also called phytoplankton Dinoflagellates Cell wall contains cellulose Contain chlorophyll Also have another pigment called carotenoid(orange color) Cause Red Tide- due to overgrowth in the ocean. Produces a toxin that is harmful to sea life and humans Red Algae Phylum Rhodophyta Multicellular Marine sea weed Has no roots, stems, or leaves Main structure called a thallus Has Chlorophyll a and phycobilins that help harvest light at deep depths. Brown Algae Phylum Phaeophyta Multicellular Contain chlorophyll and a brown pigmentFUROXANTHIN Kelp Have air bladders to keep them afloat Green Algae Phylum Chlorophyta Most live in fresh water Can be unicellular or multicellular Spyrogyra-multicellular Volvox is a colonial green algae Uses for Algae Base of the food chain Produce O Sushi:nori Smoothener in foods like ice cream and pudding Industrial uses: plastics, waxes, deodorant, paint, agar( material used to grow bacteria) Fungi like – Slime Molds and Water Molds Live in moist, cool environment Watery moldsOomycota
