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PARTS OF
SPEECH
NOUNS, VERBS, PRONOUNS, ADVERBS,
ADJECTIVES, INTERJECTIONS,
PREPOSITIONS AND CONJUNCTIONS
NOUN
 A noun is a . . .
1.
Person
2.
Place
3.
Thing
 Ask yourself: What is the subject of the sentence? What is
the sentence about?
 Example: The boy waited in line for his lunch.
 What is the subject of the sentence? (Boy)
 What are the nouns in the sentence? (Boy, line, lunch)
Practice: Determine whether each underlined word is or is not a noun.

One of the most well-known fairy tales is “Little Red Riding Hood.” There are
(1) yes/no

hundreds of versions of this story throughout the world. In the most popular
(2) yes/no



(3) yes/no
version in America, Little Red Riding Hood is saved by a woodsman, who cuts her
(5) yes/no
(6) yes/no
out of a wolf ’s belly. In other versions, Little Red Riding Hood tricks the wolf into
(7) yes/no

(8) yes/no
letting her out. I find these versions more satisfying, because Little Red saves
(9) yes/no

(4) yes/no
herself through her own ingenuity rather than being rescued.
(10) yes/no
(11) yes/no
(10) yes/no
N
O
U
N
PRONOUN
 A pronoun is a word that takes the place of, or refers to, a
noun.
 A pronoun is still a noun – a person, place or thing.
 Pronouns are easy to spot because they are vague. That
means they are not specific. Pronouns are not the names of
people, places or things. They are general. For example: she
is a pronoun. She does tell me anything specific.
 There are 6 different types of pronouns.
PRONOUN
PRONOUN
Practice: Find and underline the nine words acting as
pronouns in the paragraph below.
 One of the most well-known fairy tales is “Little Red
Riding Hood.” There are hundreds of versions of this
story throughout the world. In the most popular version
in America, Little Red Riding Hood is saved by a
woodsman, who cuts her out of a wolf ’s belly. In other
versions, Little Red Riding Hood tricks the wolf into
letting her out. I find these versions more satisfying,
because Little Red saves herself through her own
ingenuity rather than being rescued.
VERBS

Verbs are words that show action or state of being (the way something
exists).

Verbs change form based on who is doing the action and when the action
took place.

Base verbs are the main verb or verbs in the sentence.

Helping verbs tell use more about when the action took place or will take
place.

Below are a few examples, with the base verb underlined once and
helping verbs bolded.
I am exhausted!
You should have been more careful.
I am having a great time.
We did not know you were coming.
The evidence does not support your accusations.
VERBS
Practice: Underline the base verbs in the sentences below, circle the helping verbs.

Look before you leap.

Don’t count your chicken before they hatch.

Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.

The early bird catches the worm.

You reap what you sow.

Good things come to those who wait.

Do unto others as you would have done to you.

Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.

A watched pot never boils.

Rome was not built in a day.
ADJECTIVES
 Adjectives describe or modify nouns. They tell us which one,
how many, or what kind.
 For example…
 Talk is cheap.
 Cheap describes the noun talk.
 What an outrageous statement!
 Outrageous describes the noun statement.
 There are several problems with this paper.
 Several describes the noun problems.
 You are so patient with children.
 Patient describes the pronoun you.
ADJECTIVES
Practice: In each sentence, circle the word that is an adjective. What does it
modify?

Meet me at the farmer’s marker.
_
Modifies:
_________________________  Elena is very smart.
_
 Modifies:
_________________________
 Gala apples are in season.
_

Modifies:
_________________________  She’s also a very likeable person.
_
 Modifies:
_________________________
 I’ll buy two dozen of them.
_

Modifies:
_________________________  Pigs are very docile animals.
_
 Modifies:
_________________________
 Who is that woman?
_


Modifies:
_________________________
ADVERBS
 Adverbs describe or modify verbs, adjectives, or other
adverbs. They tell us when, where, how and why, under
what conditions and to what degree.
 Adjectives and adverbs can sometimes be confused. Look at
the sentences below for the difference.
 Adjective: I am very patient. Patient describes the pronoun I.
 Adverb: I am waiting very patiently. Patiently tells us how I am
waiting.
 Once you have found the main verb in the sentence simply
ask if any words tell you how the verb is being done. Is it
happening quickly, rapidly, carefully, gracefully.
 Adverbs can be formed by added –ly to adjectives, but not all
adverbs have –ly.
ADVERBS
Practice: In each sentence, circle the word that is the verb. What is the adverb that
describes the verb?

Speak softly and carry a big stick.



Adverb:
______________________________
May you prosper greatly and grow merry
quickly.

Adverb:
______________________________
History often repeats itself.


Adverb:
______________________________
Love your children unconditionally.


Adverb:
______________________________
He waited carefully.


Your spot has already been taken.


Adverb:
______________________________
Adverb:
______________________________
We are desperately trying to get an
answer.

Adverb:
______________________________
PREPOSITIONS
 Prepositions show a relationship between two things in a sentence.
 Prepositions always come in prepositional phrases. These begin with
the preposition and end with a noun or pronoun. Prepositional
phrases usually modify the first noun or verb in the relationship.
 Examples:

Please put the book on the table.
 On is the preposition, on the table is the prepositional phrase that shows
the relationship between the verb put and the noun table. It answers the
question of where.

During the show, I fell asleep in my chair.
 This sentence contains two prepositional phrases. During the show and
in my chair. These phrases tell us when and where falling asleep
happened.
PREPOSITIONS
 Here is a list of prepositions you might run into:
PREPOSITIONS
 Practice: Circle the ten prepositional phrases in the paragraph
below.
 In the bottom of the ninth inning, Moses Jones hit a line drive
into left field. Ollie Wilkins raced to third and Javier Mercado
scored, sliding into home just before the tag. Behind his glove,
pitcher Dennis Delaney spit on the ball. It spun wildly over
home plate, but Willie Thomas sent the ball sailing out of the
park.
CONJUNCTIONS
Coordinating Conjunctions connect independent clauses. There
are 7 coordinating conjunctions that link sentences.
FOR
AND
NOR
BUT
OR
YET
FANBOYS
SO
CONJUNCTIONS
 Example 1: I went to the store and I bought some milk.
 Example 2: Last night I watched TV, but not my favorite show.
 Example 3: Sarah will go to the mall or she will go to the movies.
 Example 4: Annie had no parents, nor did Simba have a mother
and father.
 Example 5: I show you tomorrow, for you are my best friend.
 Example 6: Tom had trouble with his homework, yet he finished
it before it was due.
 Example 7: The class wanted to get their requirements so they
could go to Disneyland.
INTERJECTIONS
 Interjections are sudden, usually emotional words or phrases
that can stand alone as a sentence.
 Examples:
 Hey!
 Look out!
 Holy cow!
 Yeah!
 Wow!
 Write three of you own sentences using at least 1 interjection.