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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
Chapter 1
____
1. The trans-Atlantic flow of people and goods such as corn, potatoes, horses, and sugar cane is called
a. globalization.
b. the Columbian Exchange.
c. the Great Circuit.
d. the Atlantic system.
e. trade.
____
2. What motivated the Portuguese to begin exploration to find a water route to the Orient?
a. To prove that the world was round
b. Sailing for the Catholic Church to spread Christianity
c. To establish land empires in Indian and China
d. To eliminate the Italian and Muslim “middlemen” in the spice trade
e. The search for gold
____
3. The Indian population in Spanish America declined due to
a. enslavement.
b. war.
c. disease.
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
____
4. New France was characterized by
a. severe conflict between French settlers and the Indians.
b. a well-defined line between Indian society and French society.
c. enduring alliances with the Indians.
d. a Protestant missionary zeal to convert the Indians.
e. its lack of devastating epidemics.
____
5. “Coverture” means
a. a woman’s head is covered by a scarf when in public.
b. knowing your place in society, especially at church when sitting in the pews.
c. a tax one pays on one’s property that is assessed quarterly.
d. a woman surrenders her legal identity when she marries.
e. a binding legal agreement between an indentured servant and his or her master.
____
6. The French Jesuits in New France
a. allowed the Indians to retain a high degree of independence.
b. allowed themselves to become attracted to the free life of the Indians.
c. had children with Indian women, called metis.
d. did not try to suppress all the Indian’s traditional religious practices.
e. All of the above
____
7. Pueblo Indians lived in
a. the eastern United States.
b. the southwestern United States.
c. Mexico.
d. the northeastern United States.
e. Central America.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____
8. “Masterless men” were
a. those without regular jobs or otherwise outside the control of their social superiors.
b. slaves who were between masters while being sold and in transport.
c. those without social edict and upbringing, who bore no respect to deference and were a
nuisance to society.
d. those who were not married and had no wife to run a proper household.
e. None of the above
____
9. Bartolomé de Las Casas argued that Indians
a. were deprived of their freedom.
b. were enslaved.
c. fell ill and the Spaniards ignored their plight.
d. starved under the harsh Spaniard work conditions.
e. All of the above
____ 10. Slavery in Africa
a. resulted from the arrival of Europeans.
b. included no form of rights for the slaves.
c. was the only real form of labor on that continent.
d. tended to include criminals, debtors, and war captives.
e. accelerated with the arrival of the Spanish.
____ 11. What geographic error did Columbus make?
a. He grossly underestimated the size of the earth.
b. He thought the Earth was not round, but flat.
c. He was certain that India was east of the Americas.
d. He expected the weather in India to be the same as in the North Atlantic
e. He confused the Atlantic Ocean with the Indian Ocean.
____ 12. Which of the following motivated Spanish exploration of the New World?
a. The quest for slaves and wealth
b. The belief that the Fountain of Youth existed in the area that later became known as
Florida
c. Rumors that seven cities of gold existed somewhere in the vicinity
d. All of the above
e. a and b
____ 13. Before the arrival of Columbus, Native North Americans
a. had elaborate trade networks.
b. were entirely agricultural and rural.
c. from all regions of the continent were very similar in their political and religious beliefs.
d. always lived in small family units.
e. lived only in coastal areas.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 14. When Europeans arrived, many Native Americans
a. tried to use them to enhance their standing with other Native Americans.
b. immediately opened treaty negotiations.
c. learned their languages.
d. hid in nearby cave dwellings.
e. simply attacked them.
____ 15. How did Native Americans conceive of private property?
a. Native Americans believed that land should never be claimed.
b. Families might use a specific plot of land for a season.
c. Individuals could own land, but whole families or tribes could not.
d. A family could claim land forever, but an individual could not.
e. The same as Europeans, who claimed otherwise as an excuse to take their land.
Chapter 2
____ 16. Indentured servants
a. could be bought and sold.
b. could marry whomever they pleased without permission from their owner.
c. could not be subjected to physical punishments.
d. could not have their contract extended if they became pregnant.
e. were able to nullify their labor obligation by the courts.
____ 17. What did English settlers believe was the basis of liberty?
a. Freedom
b. Land
c. Citizenship
d. Belief in God
e. Economic independence
____ 18. Why was the survival of Jamestown questionable in its early history?
a. There was a high death rate of its settlers.
b. Leadership changed repeatedly.
c. Settlers were more concerned with seeking a quick profit.
d. Supplies from England were inadequate.
e. All of the above
____ 19. What was Virginia’s “gold,” that ensured its survival and prosperity?
a. Cotton
b. Fur
c. Tobacco
d. Indigo
e. Sugar
____ 20. To entice settlers to Virginia, the Virginia Company established the headright system, which
a. granted religious freedom.
b. provided land to settlers who paid their own passage.
c. brought slavery to the colony.
d. promised every single man a bride.
e. enslaved Indians.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 21. Which colony adopted the Act Concerning Religion in 1649, which institutionalized the principle of
toleration?
a. Virginia
b. Maryland
c. Massachusetts
d. Rhode Island
e. Connecticut
____ 22. English Puritans
a. were loyal to Charles I.
b. believed that the Church of England still closely resembled the Catholic church in its
rituals.
c. fled to France for religious freedom before coming to America.
d. followed the teachings of Protestant theologian Martin Luther.
e. believed in the separation of church and state.
____ 23. In Massachusetts, freeman status was granted to adult males who
a. owned land, regardless of church standing.
b. had served their term as an indentured servant.
c. were freed slaves.
d. were landowning church members.
e. voted.
____ 24. In contrast to life in the Chesapeake region, life in New England
a. was more family oriented.
b. was not as structured.
c. was not characterized as a deeply religious area.
d. saw more independent roles for women.
e. centered on an economy based on one cash crop.
____ 25. What motivated the English crown to colonize America?
a. National glory
b. To strike a blow against Spain
c. To establish a trading empire
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
____ 26. Why did England consider Spain its enemy?
a. Because of religious differences: England was committed to the Protestant Reformation,
while Spain was devoutly Catholic.
b. Because of the Spanish Armada’s successful invasion of Great Britain in 1588.
c. Because Spain had allied with France to invade English colonies in the New World.
d. Because one of Henry VIII’s beheaded wives was a Spanish princess, and the Spanish
government announced it would be at war with England until Henry apologized.
e. All of the above
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 27. As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,
a. there was an increase in the number of jobless peasants, whom the British government
aided with an early form of welfare.
b. efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the
New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.
c. mass numbers of peasants converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, because the
Catholic Church took better care of the poor.
d. there was a sharp reduction in the number of sheep and other livestock.
e. the spread of the Black Plague decreased due to the elimination of such cramped living
quarters.
____ 28. Which of the following is true of poverty in seventeenth-century Great Britain?
a. About half of the population lived at or below the poverty line by the end of the
seventeenth century.
b. The problem was so bad that Henry VIII authorized judges to order the jobless to work.
c. Poverty rates were worse in British colonies than in the mother country.
d. John Winthrop solved the problem by creating the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
e. Her failure to address the problem helped lead to the overthrow of Queen Mary.
____ 29. English freedom
a. involved knowing one’s place in society and fulfilling one’s duties according to rank.
b. included the seemingly contradictory idea of obedience.
c. allowed each social class its own degree of freedom, appropriate to its station.
d. still bore the imprint of an understanding of liberty derived from the Middle Ages.
e. All of the above
____ 30. A central element in the definition of English liberty was
a. the right to a trial by jury.
b. the right to self-incrimination.
c. that each English citizen owned a copy of the English Constitution.
d. freedom of expression.
e. what an individual king or queen said it was.
Chapter 3
____ 31. Carolina grew slowly until
a. rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable.
b. slaves were brought into the colony.
c. an alliance with the Indians was signed.
d. cotton was introduced into the colony.
e. the king forced the English poor to settle the area.
____ 32. Bacon’s Rebellion was a response to
a. worsening economic conditions in Virginia.
b. increased slavery in the Carolinas.
c. Indian attacks in New England.
d. the Glorious Revolution in England.
e. the Salem witch trials.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 33. The Dominion of New England was a
a. northeastern trade area created by the Navigation Acts.
b. proprietary colony granted to Edmund Randolph.
c. system of colonial governance decreed by William of Orange after the Glorious
Revolution.
d. new unit of colonial administration created by King James II in order to centralize colonial
governance.
e. confederation of New England Indian tribes that fought in King Philip’s War.
____ 34. What unified the British Empire?
a. Slavery
b. Religion
c. Trade
d. Political equality
e. A hierarchal society
____ 35. Who finally ended the Salem Witch trials?
a. The Massachusetts governor
b. The local pastor
c. Salem’s judge
d. Tituba
e. Increase Mather
____ 36. What factors made African slavery appealing to European nations?
a. Since slaves’ terms of service never expired, unlike indentured servants, Africans would
create a permanent labor force.
b. Europeans believed that Africans were more accustomed to hard agricultural labor than
were Native Americans, and thus would be better workers.
c. Africans had long since developed a resistance to European diseases, making epidemics
less likely than they would be with Native American laborers.
d. As Africans, they could not claim the protection of English common law.
e. All of the above
____ 37. Colonial authorities tried to limit the growth of the free black population by passing laws that
a. defined the offspring of all interracial relationships as illegitimate.
b. severely punished white women who had children with black men.
c. prohibited the freeing of any slave unless he or she was transported out of the colony.
d. entrenched notions of racial differences.
e. All of the above
____ 38. According to the prevailing theory known as mercantilism,
a. merchants should control the government and the economy.
b. the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.
c. the government should encourage manufacturing and commerce by keeping its hands off
of the economy.
d. colonies existed as a place for the mother country to send raw materials to be turned into
manufactured goods.
e. England wanted the right to sell goods in France, but only to non-Catholic buyers.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 39. The Navigation Act of 1651
a. required the Royal Navy to use only Protestant navigators on its ships.
b. was one of several acts to consolidate the mercantilist system.
c. was aimed at introducing economic prosperity to the British colonies.
d. added New Netherland to the British empire.
e. authorized several mapmaking expeditions to the New World.
____ 40. The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina
a. were modeled on the Iroquois Confederacy.
b. banned slavery as antithetical to their goal of creating a society based on peasants working
for noblemen.
c. allowed no elected assembly, because that could lead to democratic ideas that were
inconsistent with their medieval goal.
d. prohibited indentured servants because they would want small landholdings, which had no
place in a feudal society.
e. proposed to establish a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary
nobility.
____ 41. Which of the following fits the description of a person accused of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New
England?
a. A single young woman whose attractiveness meant that some saw her as a threat to Puritan
values
b. A married woman who normally was subservient to her husband and the community,
which made her behavior seem all the more bizarre
c. A widow who presumably was too lonely or too dependent on the community to be taken
seriously but who had to be tried and convicted to keep others from thinking similarly
d. A married woman who had just lost a child
e. A woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or
estranged from her husband
____ 42. Why did the accusations of witchcraft in Salem suddenly snowball in 1692?
a. The only way to avoid prosecution was to confess and name others.
b. When Tituba testified, the issue became racial and divided the town.
c. All of the accused were children, and Puritans were determined to force their young to
accept their religious traditions or face death.
d. The colonial capital had just been moved to Salem, upsetting the normally staid town.
e. They did not; actually, the number of accusations was average and Salem was highly
overrated as a place for charges of witchcraft.
____ 43. Great Britain sought to attract which of the following to its American colonies?
a. Protestants from non-English and less prosperous parts of the British Isles
b. Catholics from France and Spain, thereby weakening England’s enemies
c. No one; England simply allowed people to migrate to the colonies if they could afford or
find a way to do so.
d. Members of non-mainstream religions
e. a and b
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 44. During the colonial era, Philadelphia
a. became home to a varied population of artisans and craftsmen.
b. was one of the empire’s least successful seaports.
c. was large by European standards.
d. was populated almost entirely by wealthy citizens.
e. came under the almost dictatorial control of Benjamin Franklin.
____ 45. By the eighteenth century, colonial farm families
a. almost always owned at least three slaves.
b. were in decline as bigger cities like Philadelphia expanded.
c. saw freedom as depending on their political rights, not their ownership of property.
d. viewed land ownership almost as a right, a precondition of freedom.
e. engaged in arranged intermarriages.
Chapter 4
____ 46. The most important product of the British, French, and Portuguese empires was
a. rice.
b. sugar.
c. cotton.
d. tobacco.
e. rum.
____ 47. The task system
a. punished slaves for not fulfilling a set quota.
b. allowed slaves to own a portion of the land they worked.
c. meant that slaves were strictly supervised and had little autonomy.
d. was created in response to the Stono Rebellion.
e. assigned slaves daily jobs and allowed them free time.
____ 48. Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe whose causes included improved conditions for imprisoned
debtors and the abolition of
a. indentured servitude.
b. a hereditary system.
c. taxes.
d. slavery.
e. property requirements for voting.
____ 49. Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies?
a. The North was not as racist as the South.
b. It was difficult to transport slaves to the North.
c. The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves.
d. More reformers lived in the North.
e. The northern colonies used Indian labor instead.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 50. Lockean ideas included
a. individual rights.
b. the consent of the governed.
c. a social contract.
d. the right of rebellion against unjust or oppressive government.
e. All of the above
____ 51. The assumption among ordinary people that wealth, education, and social prominence carried with them a
right to public office was called
a. liberalism.
b. Lockeanism.
c. deism.
d. deference.
e. suffrage.
____ 52. Deists shared the ideas of eighteenth-century European Enlightenment thinkers that
a. the universe was unknowable.
b. Christ’s divinity was beyond question.
c. science and reason could uncover God’s laws in the natural order.
d. God did not exist.
e. None of the above
____ 53. The most famous Great Awakening revivalist minister was
a. John Locke.
b. George Whitefield.
c. Cotton Mather.
d. John Peter Zenger.
e. James Oglethorpe.
____ 54. What was the primary purpose of the British when they issued the Proclamation of 1763?
a. To end the slave trade
b. To protect the Indians
c. To open up more land for settlement
d. To bring stability to the colonial frontier
e. To prohibit Catholicism in the territory newly acquired from France
____ 55. The French and Indian War began because the American colonists felt that
a. the Indians along the frontier finally had to be subdued once and for all.
b. France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company.
c. they had to aid the English, who were fighting Napoleon in Europe.
d. taxes were too high, and they solicited help from both the French and Indians.
e. French Jesuits were converting too many Indians to Catholicism, endangering the
Protestant majority on the North American continent.
____ 56. In dealing with the Atlantic slave trade, some African societies
a. played Europeans off one another to make profits and retain some control over the trade.
b. united to set up one large auction site for the continent.
c. paid foreign merchants to accept slaves so that they might have population control.
d. banned the sale of men but allowed the sale of women.
e. None of the above
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 57. The transatlantic slave trade
a. made Africa a market for European porcelain and ceramics.
b. reduced militarization in Africa.
c. weakened the West African economy and society.
d. aided traditional African craftsmen by eliminating competitors.
e. motivated Columbus to pursue his explorations.
____ 58. The Middle Passage
a. got its name because slaves were clustered in the middle of the ship.
b. led to about half of the Africans on board losing their lives.
c. led to only a small increase in the number of slaves in the New World.
d. killed many Africans because diseases like measles and smallpox spread rapidly.
e. was the ceremony in which Africans boarded the ships to the New World.
____ 59. Property qualifications for holding office
a. were the same in every colony as they were for voting.
b. meant that women served regularly in colonial legislatures.
c. meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures.
d. existed for legislators but not for judges, who were esteemed for their legal ability.
e. disappeared from Parliament before they were eliminated by colonial legislatures.
____ 60. “Salutary neglect” meant
a. leaving the slaves alone to live as they wished in their quarters.
b. colonial legislatures were supposed to meet only when absolutely necessary.
c. failing to salute British officers was a punishable offense for colonists.
d. the same thing that “child neglect” means today.
e. British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.
Chapter 5
____ 61. What major event led the British government to actively seek ways to make the colonies bear part of the cost
of empire?
a. The Declaration of Independence
b. King Philip’s War
c. The Seven Years’War
d. The Boston Tea Party
e. William Pitt becoming British Prime Minister
____ 62. Virtual representation meant that
a. the colonies elected representatives to the House of Commons.
b. the colonial governor served as the colony’s representative in London.
c. members of the British parliament represented the entire empire.
d. the King appointed representatives for the colonies.
e. colonial assemblies sent two non-voting members to the House of Commons to speak for
the colonies.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 63. The Declaratory Act
a. placed a tax on all printed documents.
b. declared that colonists had to house British soldiers in their homes.
c. closed the port of Boston on account of the Boston Tea Party.
d. rejected Americans’ claims that only their elected representatives could levy taxes.
e. proclaimed independence from Great Britain.
____ 64. The Declaration of Independence
a. declared that Britain’s aim was to establish “absolute tyranny” over the colonies.
b. completed the shift from the rights of Englishmen to the rights of mankind as the object of
American independence.
c. declared the United States an independent nation.
d. uniquely proclaimed the “pursuit of happiness” as an unalienable right.
e. All of the above
____ 65. What convinced the French to aid the Americans in 1778?
a. Washington’s abilities as a commander
b. The French commitment to the ideals of freedom and democracy
c. The diplomatic genius of Benjamin Franklin
d. The American victory at Saratoga
e. The British naval blockade against France
____ 66. In the winter of 1776–1777, Washington won important victories that improved American morale. These
battles were at
a. Saratoga and Albany, New York.
b. Morristown and East Orange, New Jersey.
c. Long Island and White Plains, New York.
d. Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts.
e. Trenton and Princeton, New Jersey.
____ 67. The Daughters of Liberty
a. disguised themselves as men and fought in the militias.
b. made clothing and packed foodstuffs for the men serving in the war.
c. were the wives of the Sons of Liberty and helped their political causes.
d. spun and wove at home so as not to purchase British goods during boycotts.
e. were a political organization led by Abigail Adams.
____ 68. The Sugar Act of 1764
a. raised taxes on molasses.
b. gave a monopoly to a British sugar company.
c. banned trade with French sugar manufacturers.
d. changed the legal system to make it easier to convict smugglers.
e. was repealed as part of the Stamp Act of 1765.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 69. The Stamp Act created such a stir in the colonies because
a. it raised prices on printed products so much that most colonists no longer could afford to
buy books and newspapers.
b. lawyers were offended that they could be jailed for not using the correct stamp on legal
documents.
c. it was designed to help finance the military, creating the prospect of a permanent army on
colonial soil.
d. it marked the first indirect tax approved by Parliament.
e. Benjamin Franklin went public with his opposition to it.
____ 70. Why did colonists object to the Tea Act?
a. It would aid a different part of the empire than their own, and they felt that was the kind of
discriminatory action that violated the concept of liberty.
b. It would acknowledge Great Britain’s right to tax the colonists.
c. It granted a monopoly, and the colonists opposed all forms of monopoly.
d. The British East India Company made inferior tea, and colonists preferred not to drink it.
e. It banned coffee from the colonies, and colonists preferred that drink to tea.
____ 71. John Adams recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental army because
a. he knew that Washington was a military genius.
b. he shared Washington’s view of the importance of natural rights.
c. Washington was from Virginia and he could help unify the colonists.
d. he knew Washington had opposed General Howe’s forces cutting down the liberty tree.
e. they had an agreement that Adams would then be put in charge of administering the army
in the New England colonies.
____ 72. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
a. argued that the British governmental system was perfectly good, but that current officials
had corrupted it.
b. made highly original arguments in favor of independence.
c. sold well among the elite, who in turn were able to convey its ideas to the lower classes.
d. argued that America had a special place in the world to defend freedom, which he saw as
under attack around the globe.
e. led to his arrest on charges of treason, but he saved himself by writing another pamphlet
taking the opposite position.
____ 73. The real significance of the Declaration of Independence was that it
a. restored John Locke to prominence as a political thinker.
b. shifted the goal of Americans from their rights as Englishmen to their rights as human
beings.
c. created a new theory of government that allowed for rebellion only in extraordinary
circumstances.
d. so brilliantly attacked the idea of a monarchy.
e. revealed Thomas Paine’s importance to Thomas Jefferson’s political thought.
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HIST 1301
Homework 1
Name: _____________________________
____ 74. Washington’s defeat of Cornwallis at Yorktown
a. came after numerous American defeats at the hands of the British.
b. would have been impossible without Benedict Arnold’s poor generalship on behalf of the
British.
c. angered the French, whose fleet had yet to arrive and who wanted credit for the victory.
d. destroyed British public support for the war.
e. made up for Washington’s failure to support General Nathanael Greene at the Battle of
Guilford Courthouse.
____ 75. The negotiation of the Treaty of Paris of 1783
a. ignored those who had been loyal to the British empire.
b. was a masterful bit of diplomacy by Thomas Jefferson.
c. gave the new American nation control of Florida.
d. led to the British government receiving compensation for anything the Continental
Congress had taken from British citizens.
e. mattered deeply to New England’s fishing industry, because the United States won the
right to fish in Atlantic waters off of Canada.
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