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Interactions Among Living Things Chapter 22-3 Adapting to the Environment • Every organism has a variety of adaptations that are suited to its specific living conditions. • An organism’s particular role, or how it makes its living is called its niche. • A niche includes the type of food the organism eats, how it obtains this food, and which other species use the organism as food. • There are 3 major types of interactions: competition, predation, and symbiosis Competition • Competition is the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources. • By “specializing” or finding their own places to feed, organisms reduce competition, and can coexist. Predation • An interaction in which one organism kills and eats another organism • Predators have adaptations that help them catch and kill their prey (a shark’s powerful jaws) • Prey organisms have adaptations that help them avoid being caught and eaten (camouflage, mimicry, protective coverings) Symbiosis • A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species • 3 types of symbiosis: *mutualism-both species benefit *commensalism-one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed *Parasitism-one species is helped and the other is harmed