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SSWH4, SSWH5, and SSWH6 Concept Review SSWH4 The student will analyze the importance of the Byzantine and Mongol empires between 450 CE and 1500 CE. a. Analyze the importance of Justinian, include the influence of the Empress Theodora, Justinian’s Code, and Justinian’s efforts to recapture the west. Constantine/Christianity- Constantine accepted Christianity which helped it spread/ Accepted by Romans Theodora-Justinian’s wife and adviser Justinian’s Law Code-Byzantine Law Code written by Justinian Justinian wanted to rebuild Roman Empire b. Describe the relationship between the Roman and Byzantine Empires; include the impact Byzantium had on Moscow and the Russian Empire, the effect of Byzantine culture on Tsar Ivan III and Kiev, and the rise of Constantinople as a center for law, religion, and the arts. Kievan Russian-Early Russian Empire centered on Kiev/ Looked to Byzantine Empire for influence Russian capital eventually moved to Moscow Tsar Ivan III-Ivan the Great, first ruler of independent Russia, removed Mongols Constantinople-Capital of Byzantine Empire, good location c. Explain the Great Schism of 1054 CE. Major split between the Catholic Church in Rome and the Orthodox Church in Constantinople/ Split into two churches Against icons Supported icons Major issue was icons, or the representation of religious images d. Analyze the spread of the Mongol Empire; include the role of Chinggis (Genghis) Khan in developing the empire, the impact of the Mongols on Russia, China and the West, the development of trade, and European observations through the writings of Marco Polo. Mongols-Nomadic group from Steppes, created largest empire ever, conquered China Genghis Khan-Leader of Mongols/ violent brutal Mongols conquered areas, brutal, hands of, trade developed in Empire Marco Polo-Italian who worked for Kublai Khan, and whose writings discussed the East e. Explain the Ottoman Empire’s role in the decline of Byzantium and the capture of Constantinople in 1453 CE. Ottoman’s captured Constantinople in 1453, ended Byzantine Empire SSWH5 The student will trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE. a. Explain the origins of Islam and the growth of the Islamic Empire. Muhammad-founder of Islam, spread Islam/ Began in Arabian Peninsula Spread throughout Middle East, North Africa, and Spain Sharia Law-Muslim law code b. Identify the Muslim trade routes to India, China, Europe, and Africa and assess the economic impact of this trade. Muslims spread religion and other goods/ Economies expanded around the world Spread throughout above location c. Explain the reasons for the split between Sunni and Shia Muslims. Sunni/Shia-Islam divided into these two groups/ Disagreed about who should lead the Islamic Religion d. Identify the contributions of Islamic scholars in medicine (Ibn Sina) and geography (Ibn Battuta). Ibn Sina-wrote an influential text that dealt with medicine Ibn Battuta-explorer who travelled widely e. Describe the impact of the Crusades on both the Islamic World and Europe. The Crusades-results affecting Europe, expanded trade Wars between Muslims and Christians for the Holy Land Short lived Crusader Empire f. Analyze the relationship between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. All Monotheistic/ Jerusalem important to all/ Abraham was the father of all three Although they had much in common they were often involved in conflicts SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to settled agriculture. Bantu spread from North to South though Africa/ spread agriculture Developed throughout Africa b. Describe the development and decline of the Sudanic kingdoms (Ghana, Mali, Songhai); include the roles of Sundiata, and the pilgrimage of Mansa Musa to Mecca. Ghana, Mali, and Songhai-all kingdoms in Sahara region, religion trade Mansa Musa –richest man ever, grew rich because of trade, king of Mali, Muslim Traded Gold and Salt c. Describe the trading networks by examining trans-Saharan trade in gold, salt, and slaves; include the Swahili trading cities. Swahili-trading cities in eastern Africa Gold and salt most important trade gods across the Sahara d. Analyze the process of religious syncretism as a blending of traditional African beliefs with new ideas from Islam and Christianity. Syncretism involves one religion incorporate elements from another religion. In Africa Islam, Christianity, and traditional African beliefs blended. e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks. Sahara-large desert in Northern Africa. Gold flows from North to South/ Salt flows from South to North. Gold and Salt are the most important trade goods.