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US History Second Nine – Weeks Assessment US History Standard Course of Study Goals 7-12 Public Schools of Robeson County • • • • • There are 100 questions on this assessment. Each question is multiple choice. This assessment will be worth 100 points. Each question will be worth 1 point. Please read each question and answer thoroughly. • Place your answer to each question in the appropriate space provided on your answer sheet. • When you have completed your assessment, raise your hand and give the test to your teacher. • Quietly read/or study until the last exam has been collected. Take Your Time & Good Luck! Goal 7.01 1. Newspaper editor William Allen White said Populism which had “shaved its whiskers, washed its shirt, put on a derby, and moved into the middle class: would be called which of the following? A. B. C. D. Socialism Progressivism Capitalism Communism Goal 7.01 2. Which statement describes the tactics of the Progressives? A. The rescued children from dangerous working conditions by adopting them. B. They campaigned for women’s suffrage by refusing to conduct housework and cooking. C. They fought against government corruption by occupying officials’ offices. D. They exposed unsafe urban living conditions by writing muckraking essays and novels. Goal 7.02 3. All of the following were Progressive achievements by women around the turn of the century except which one? A. Grand ball for Society One Hundred organized by Mrs. John T. Astor, Jr. B. Campaign against lynching led by Ida B. Wells C. Protests against child labor organized by National Consumers League D. Fight against alcohol led by Women’s Christian Temperance League Goal 7.02 4. All of the following are correct matches except which one? A. Carrie Nation—Women’s Christian Temperance Union B. Mother Cabrini—Italian American assistance programs C. Julia Ward Howe—women’s political suffrage D. Ida Tarbell—health care reform Goal 7.02 5. When Carrie Chapman Catt said in 1920 “We are no longer petitioners. We are not wards of the nation but free and equal citizens,” she was referring to which of the following? A. Passage of the Nineteenth Amendment B. Legalization of divorce C. Strengthening of adoption laws D. Child labor laws Goal 7.03 6. Theodore Roosevelt called the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 “a mighty pulverizing engine to break up the tribal mass.” All of the following are results of the act except which one? A. Many Indians received the rights of full American citizenship for the first time. B. The act reinforced tribal life and at the same time helped Indians assimilate into white society. C. Each Indian family received a land grant of 160 acres and could make independent decisions on its use. D. Land remaining after Indian allotments reverted to the government and could be sold to non-Indians Goal 7.03 7. During the late 1890s and 1900s, millions of immigrants settled in New York City. Which of the following was true for most of the immigrants? A. They retained their religious and cultural heritage. B. They gave up their native language in favor of English. C. They achieved prosperity and economic independence. D. They lived in ethnically diverse neighborhoods. Goal 7.03 8. Immigrants to the United States between 1890 and 1930 most frequently experienced discrimination because they: A. Entered the competition for scarce farmland. B. Spoke different languages and had different customs. C. Remained more loyal to their homelands than to the United States D. Were better educated than earlier immigrants Goal 7.03 9. Settlement houses such as the one founded by Jane Addams in the nineteenth century existed primarily to do which of the following? A. Provide temporary housing for orphans while suitable foster parents were found. B. Provide newly arrived immigrants with a place to live. C. Provide social and educational services in poor neighborhoods. D. Register newly arrived immigrants to vote. Goal 7.04 10. The moving assembly line of mass production introduced by Henry Ford in his automobile plants in 1914 allowed him to: A. Raise workers’ wages. B. Increase workers’ hours. C. raise the base price of his Model T D. Increase production Goal 7.04 11. According to Frederick Winslow Taylor’s principles of “scientific management,” workers should be: A. Given greater control of the workplace. B. Made more independent of the employer. C. Accorded greater time for more complex tasks. D. Made interchangeable and given subdivided tasks. Goal: 8.01 12. All of the following were factors in getting the United States to enter World War I except which one? A. Allied propaganda about the war B. Economic depression in the United States C. Reports of atrocities in Belgium D. Sabotage in the United States Goal 8.01 13. Who is the author of this quote? “The world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no material compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely make.” A. B. C. D. Eugene V. Debs Theodore Roosevelt Henry Cabot Lodge Woodrow Wilson Goal 8.01 14. “Unrestricted submarine warfare” and “Zimmerman note” may be categorized as which of the following? A. Wilson’s domestic program B. 1914 causes of World War I C. Causes of America’s 1917 entry into World War I D. Wilson’s Fourteen Points Goal 8.02 15. What is the correct order of the following events? I. the Zimmerman Note II. the sinking of the Lusitania III. the assassination of Franz Ferdinand IV. the Russian Revolution A. B. C. D. I, II, III, IV III, II, I, IV II, I, III, IV IV, III, II, I Goal 8.02 16. World War I Events I. 1914-War begins in Europe II. 1915-Germany sinks Lusitania III. 1916-Germany suspends submarine attacks IV. ? V. 1918-Wilson announces Fourteen Points. VI. 1919-Wilson attends Treaty of Versailles. Which of the following completes #4? A. France declares war on Germany. B. The United States declares war on Germany C. Austria-Hungary surrenders to Great Britain D. Italy declares neutrality Goal 8.03 17. Which of the following court cases grew out of enforcement of the Espionage and Sedition Act of 1918? A. B. C. D. Katz v. United States Griswold v. Connecticut Gitlow v. New York Schneck v. United States Goal 8.03 18. What was the main purpose of the Committee on Public Information headed by George Creel during World War I? A. To persuade United States citizens to support the war B. To recruit young United States citizens for the armed forces C. To raise money for the government by selling war bonds D. To enlist the aid of women and children in producing more food Goal 8.03 19. World War I forced the United States government to do which of the following? A. Place controls on certain aspects of industrial production and transportation. B. Adopt a laissez-faire policy toward industry. C. Reduce income taxes to encourage industrial production of consumer goods. D. Seize control of United States industries and railroads for the war’s duration. Goal 8.03 20. Which of the following provisions of the Treaty of Versailles eventually became a major factor in starting World War II? A. Loss of most of Germany’s African colonies B. Germany’s exclusion form the League of Nations C. The amount or reparations Germany was required to pay D. Germany’s division into two separate political zones Goal 8.03 21. Women serving in World War I produced which of the following results? A. B. C. D. Labor legislation Temperance Movement Eighteenth Amendment Nineteenth Amendment Goal 8.03 22. After World War I, reporter Louis Wiley said in the New York Times that groups were “joining together with the object of overthrowing the American Government through a bloody revolution and establishing a Bolshevist republic.” He was referring to all the following groups except which one? A. B. C. D. Anarchists Religious fundamentalists Socialists Labor Unionists Goal 8.03 23. Which of the following describes the United States attitude after World War I? A. Interventionist, pro-business, and procivil rights B. Isolationist, pro-worker, and antiprohibition C. Isolationist, pro-business, and antiforeigner D. Interventionist, pro-worker, and proimmigration Goal 8.03 24. What was the impact of the migration of black Americans northward after World War I? A. Stricter segregation laws throughout the South B. Fewer blacks elected to office in the South C. The outlawing of segregation by the Untied States Supreme Court D. Increased competition for jobs between whites and blacks Goal 8.03 25. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.’s 1919 Supreme court opinion citing “a clear and present danger” upheld which of the following actions? A. Setting limits on free speech during wartime. B. Drafting young men to serve in the military. C. Banning Communists from running for public office. D. Removing books by German authors from libraries. Goal 9.01 26. In the 1920s, Republican policy under Secretary of Treasury Andrew Mellon was designed to create prosperity by doing which of the following? A. Encouraging price cuts of consumer goods. B. Cutting taxes for the wealthy to encourage business investments. C. Giving tax breaks to the middle class to increase spending. D. Lowering tariffs and creating free trade. Goal 9.01 27. The economic boom and the financial speculation of the 1920s were caused in part by: A. Installment buying and an unregulated stock market. B. The expansion of civil rights to women and minorities. C. The mobilization of the economy for war. D. Increased government restrictions on big business. Goal 9.01, 9.02 26. In 1919, a steel worker worked almost 70 hours a week; an unskilled worker averaged $1,400 a year; while the minimum subsistence for an average family was estimated at $1,575. Such workers would have most likely chosen which of the following methods to improve their economic situation? A. B. C. D. Union protests Reliance on mill owners’ fairness Government mediation Individual work stoppages Goal 9.01 27. All of the following were causes of the Great Depression except which one? A. B. C. D. Unequal distribution of income Imbalance in foreign trade Easy credit Lack of mechanization in industry Goal 9.01 28. In the 1920s, farmers, unionized workers, veterans of World War I, and black industrial workers shared which economic experience? A. Producer cooperatives, with new economic independence. B. Prosperity, with rising wages and benefits. C. Government sponsored relief programs. D. Hard times, with rising unemployment and poverty. Goal 9.01 29. “The business of America is business.” Goal 9.02 In this statement of 1924, president Calvin Coolidge was expressing the idea that: A. Workers should have a greater role in influencing business decisions. B. The United States should end trade with other countries and become economically self-sufficient. C. Basic industries should be owned by the Federal Government D. The economy functions best if government allows business to operate freely. Goal 9.01 30. Which major trend characterized the 1920’s and continues today? A. Retail buying on installment credit. B. Legal discrimination against eastern European immigrants C. The steadily increasing power of established churches D. The mass migration of northern blacks to southern rural areas Goal 9.02 31. During the depression, which group of people had the most difficulty in finding work? A. B. C. D. Immigrants Farmers Children African Americans 32. Which of the following statements BEST explains this 1920s cartoon? A. Industrial pollution drove farmers off their lands. B. Factories produced large profits while farms went out of business. C. America’s land was half agricultural and half industrial. D. Farmers sold their land to get jobs in factories. Goal 9.03 33. Which of the following authors wrote during the Harlem Renaissance period? A. B. C. D. Walt Whitman Langston Hughes Washington Irving Alice Walker Goal 9.03 34. All of the following are true about the advent of the automobile age of the 1920s except which one? A. Road building became a primary industry in America because more people bought cars and wanted somewhere to drive. B. Automobiles stimulated the economy by providing manufacturing and service jobs. C. Railroads remained competitive with truck transport by updating and streamlining routes and services. D. Americans were brought closer together as people from different regions met on the road. Goal 9.03 35. Which of the following most influenced dating and courtship patterns of teenagers in the 1920s? A. B. C. D. The telephone The automobile The motion pictures The radio Goal 9.03 36. All of the following are correctly matched except which one? A. F. Scott Fitzgerald – flappers of the Jazz Age B. Ernest Hemingway – World War I revisited C. John Steinbeck – biographies of capitalists D. Richard Wright – black experience in America Goal 9.03 37. Which of the following was the most significant symbol of the 1920s? A. B. C. D. White dove Davidson tractor Bald eagle Model T Goal 9.03 38. Which of the following best explains the increase in violence against black Americans after World War I? A. Many whites resented that blacks had fought in separate battalions in the war. B. Some whites feared that the majority of blacks would join the growing Communist party. C. Many whites had to compete with blacks for the same jobs at a time of high unemployment. D. Many blacks had moved north during the war to work in weapons manufacturing plants. Goal 9.03 39. The United States Constitution was amended four times between 1913 and 1920. Which of the following was not one of those amendments? A. B. C. D. women’s right to vote equal rights for all citizens direct election of senators creation of a personal income tax Goal 9.04 40. In which way did the ideas of W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington differ? A. Du Bois encouraged social equality, but Washington encouraged economic equality. B. Washington, born a slave, was more militant than Du Bois. C. Du Bois supported Marcus Garvey’s “back to Africa” movement, but Washington opposed it. D. Washington founded the NAACP but Du Bois opposed it. Goal 9.04 41. Why did Marcus Garvey’s “Back to Africa” movement challenge other African American leaders of the 1920s? A. Because of its great success in large urban areas B. Because so few people actually were able to emigrate to Africa C. Because Garvey believed it was impossible for African Americans to ever succeed in the United States D. Because Garvey’s financial success drew money away from the African American efforts and they were jealous of him. Goal 9.04 42. Which of the following represents a revival of American nativism, racial discrimination, and anti-Roman Catholicism in the United States in the 1920s? A. B. C. D. Rise of socialism Increase in Ku Klux Klan activity Passage of “Jim Crow” laws Rise in labor union membership Goal 9.04 43. All of the following were ways in which women challenged their traditional roles in United States society in the early twentieth century except which one? A. B. C. D. Increased purchases of appliances More sexual freedom Shorter hair, higher skirts Increased employment outside the home Goal 9.04 44. What did the Scopes trial and Sacco and Vanzetti trial have in common? A. Both involved issues of loyalty and subversion. B. Both became famous more for the issues they raised than because of questions of guilt or innocence. C. Both revealed the need for strong government action. D. Both involved especially horrifying murders that shocked the American people and resulted in anti-crime legislation. Goal 9.04 45. These social changes occurred in the 1920s: I. Women received more social freedom, including the right to vote. II. Immigrants met more restriction when entering the United States III. Conservative religious groups resisted the teaching of evolution in public schools. Which statement could be added to the list of social changed described above? A. Black Americans, recently emancipated, were elected to local, state, and national offices. B. Black Americans and Native Americans were granted United States citizenship by an act of Congress. C. Black Americans and other minority groups were intimidated by the revived Ku Klux Klan. D. Black Americans’ voting privileges in the South were protected by the Voting Rights Act. Goal 9.04 46. Prohibition of alcohol was opposed by: A. the people of the South B. The fundamentalists C. Foreign-born populations in urban centers D. The Chicago gangsters Goal 9.04 47. Why did rural inhabitants distrust urban life during the 1920s? A. Standards of conduct were more relaxed in cities. B. Rural residents were more tolerant of drinking. C. Standards of conduct were more strict in cities. D. Gambling was not acceptable in the cities. Goal 9.05 48. Which New Deal congressional actions had the greatest impact on the average citizen? A. B. C. D. Wagner Labor Act Agricultural adjustment Act Social Security Act Glass-Stegall Banking Act Goal 9.05 49. Readily accessible electrical power was important to New Deal reformers for which of the following reasons? A. It would enable factories to work longer hours. B. It would improve both work and living conditions and stimulate the economy. C. It would enable all Americans to hear government news on the radio. D. It would decrease cheating by privately-owned utility companies. Goal 9.05 51. Why did President Franklin Roosevelt declare a federal bank holiday in the early 1930s? Goal 9.05 50. In general, Franklin D. Roosevelt was supported by all of the following except which one? A. Social Darwinists A. To allow time to switch all banks B. Black Americans from state to federal control. C. Midwestern farmers B. To prevent bank closings and failures D. Poor immigrants because of nationwide. C. To honor bankers who had assisted Goal 9.05 farmers in the depression. 54. The Agricultural Adjustment Act set what D. To allow time for the Treasury to print precedent for farmers? more money to boost the economy. A. Granted farmers the demands they had been asking for since the late 1800s. Goal 9.05 52. Which New Deal program included both B. Let the federal government set limits construction of libraries and schools and the on agricultural production. Federal Arts Project? C. Encouraged farmers to increase production as much as possible. A. National Recovery Administration D. Gave farmers the major voice in (NRA) governmental agricultural policies. B. Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Goal 9.05 C. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 55. FDR’s new Deal program is most closely D. Works Progress Administration associated with which of the following? (WPA) A. Industrial monopolies B. Laissez-faire politics Goal 9.05 53. Historian Arthur Schlesinger said that it C. Socialism “left its monuments in the preservation and D. Government involvement purification of the land, the water, the forests, the young men of America.” What Goal 9.05 New Deal program was he describing? 56. The New Deal accomplished all of the following labor reforms except which one? A. Works Progress Administration B. Civilian Conservation Corps A. Minimum wage C. Federal Emergency Relief B. Right to bargain collectively C. Health insurance for workers Administration D. Tennessee Valley Authority D. Maximum work week Goal 10.01 57. Which of these dictatorships of the 1930s attempted to gain new lands after they came into power? I. German II. Japanese III. Italian IV. Spanish A. B. C. D. I, II, III I, II, IV I, III, IV II, III, IV Goal 10.01 58. Which of the following statements best explains the rise of totalitarian governments in Europe during the 1930s? A. The people of those nations were desperate for help in recovering from depression B. There was no United Nations or League of Nations to prevent a Communist takeover. C. The philosophy of nihilism was sure to spread across war-ravaged Europe. D. The people despised democracy because the United States was prospering in the 1930s. Goal 10.01 59. A major reason for United States neutrality in the 1930s was the nation’s: Goal 10.01 60. Why was the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact such a surprise to the world? A. Non one had realized that the Soviet Union wanted to regain the territory it had lost in World War I. B. The Soviet Union had pledged to protect Poland in case of an attack. C. Hitler and Stalin distrusted each other because of personal and ideological differences. D. The Soviets had just signed a nonaggression pact with France Goal 10.01 61. The immediate cause of World War II in Europe was which of the following? A. German attack on Poland. B. German demands in the Sudetenland Crisis. C. German persecution of Jews. D. German Anschluss with Austria. Goal 10.01 62. The immediate cause of United States entry into World War II was that the United States: A. Had to fulfill its collective security agreements with Western European nations B. Felt it necessary to defend the principle of freedom of the seas. C. Suffered a direct military attack. D. Was ready to use its superior military and atomic capabilities A. Belief in the domino theory. B. Disillusionment resulting from World Goal 10.02 63. To what location does General Douglas War I. C. Strong approval of political conditions Mac Arthur’s pledge “I shall return” apply? in Europe. A. Solomon Islands D. Military and naval superiority. B. Philippines C. Guam D. D. Midway Goal 10.02 Goal 10.02 64. What two World War II naval victories in 67. Which list applies to both the European the Pacific began to turn the tide in the United and Pacific theaters in World War II? States’ favor? A. D-Day, blitzkrieg, Holocaust. A. Battle of Burma and Battle of B. Island hopping, atomic bomb, Bataan Okinawa Death March. B. Battle of Coral Sea and Battle of C. Allies, GI’s, unconditional surrender. Midway D. Lusitania, “Over There,” Fourteen Points. C. Battle of Guadalcanal and Battle of Iwo Jima D. Battle of Aleutian Islands and Goal 10.01, 10.02 bombing of Hiroshima 68. The Munich Pact, which according to Neville Chamberlain, meant “peace in our time,” was an example of which of the Goal 10.02 65. Which list applies only to the pacific following? theater in World War II? A. Neutrality A. Island hopping, atomic bomb, Bataan B. Totalitarianism Death March C. Appeasement B. D-Day, blitzkrieg, Holocaust D. Aggression C. Allies, GI’s, unconditional surrender D. Lusitania, “Over There,” Fourteen Goal 10.03 Points 69. Which one of the following best explains why Franklin Roosevelt was re-elected in 1944? Goal 10.02 66. During the Battle of the Bulge (1944), A. Public opinion supported his social American forces under the command of policies. General Anthony C. McAuliffe found themselves surrounded by the German army B. Americans wanted to break the twoat Bastogne. When asked to surrender, term tradition. McAuliffe replied, “Nuts.” This response is C. Americans preferred to stay with a representative of which of the following “winner.” D. D. Public opinion supported his war attitudes? efforts. A. United States G.I.’s response to leaders of the armed forces. B. United States dislike of European culture. C. United States and Allied respect for the German Army D. D. United States’ resolve to win the war against Nazi Germany. Goal 10.02 70. President Harry Truman’s decision to use atomic bombs against Japan was primarily based on his belief that: A. An invasion of Japan would result in excessive casualties. B. Germany would refuse to surrender in Europe C. An alliance was developing between Japan and the Soviet Union D. Japan was in the process of developing its own atomic weapons. Goal 10.03 71. Which group suffered official discrimination during World War II? A. B. C. D. German Americans All Females Japanese Americans White Males Goal 10.03 72. Which of the following statements concerning the American economy during World War II is accurate? A. The AFL and CIO went on strike in 1942 to protest the war. B. Black Americans were excluded from the work force but integrated into the Army. C. Japanese-Americans formed NISEI, the most powerful union in America D. D. Women replaced men in factories since the men were away at war. Goal 10.04 73. What was the result of the Potsdam conference held in July, 1945? A. B. C. D. Division of Italy into sectors Division of Germany into sectors Postwar occupation of Japan Postwar occupation of North Africa Goal 10.04 74. The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to provide Europe with: A. B. C. D. Defensive military weapons Economic aid Cultural exchange programs Political alliances Goal 10.04 75. Which heading would be the most appropriate for the list below? l. __________________________ I. Truman Doctrine II. Marshall Plan III. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) A. B. C. D. Containment Efforts Tax-Reform Plans Trade Agreements Immigration Policies Goal 10.05 76. The Korean War (1950-1953) marked the first time that: A. The United Nations used military force to oppose aggression. B. American and Asian forces fought against each other. C. A major disagreement arose between the United States and the Soviet Union. D. An atomic bomb was used in warfare. Goal 10.05 77. The formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 is a significant event in United States diplomatic history because it: Goal 10.04 80. Base your answer on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. A. Committed the United States to a peacetime military alliance. B. Strengthened United States influence in oil-producing nations. C. Eased tensions with the Soviet Union and its satellites. D. Created new patterns of international trade. Goal 11.01 78. The 1957 launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik had which of the following effects? A. proved that the Soviet Union could duplicate an accomplishment of the United States. B. Caused a demand for more emphasis on math and science in education in the United States. C. Resulted in a better relationship between the Soviet Union and the United States. D. Resulted in the federal government’s cutting back on spending for education. Goal 11.01 79. After World War II, which of the following was responsible for changing the patterns of both social and economic life in the Untied States? A. The use of forced labor by industry. B. The raising of immigration quotas. C. The use of strikes during the war by the labor movement. D. the employment of women The main point of the cartoon is that Fidel Castro has A. tried to spread communism to the United States. A. frustrated many Presidential administrations. B. allowed many Cuban refugees to come to the United States. C. failed to influence United States foreign policy. Goal 11.01 81. Today the term “McCarthyism” is used to describe the practice of: A. Removing members of Congress for abuses of power. B. Investigating civil service employees for corruption. C. Accusing a person of subversive activities without sufficient evidence. D. Using illegal means to obtain evidence in criminal trials. Goal 11.02 82. The Great Society programs of the 1960’s used the power of the federal Government to bring about: A. B. C. D. An all-volunteer military Antipoverty reforms Deregulation of business Reduced defense spending Goal 11.02 83. What female refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, which led to a year-long bus boycott? A. B. C. D. Coretta King Mary McLeod Bethune Lena Horne Rosa Parks Goal 11.02 84. In the 1960s, bus boycotts, lunch counter sit-ins, and freedom rides were organized attempts to achieve: A. B. C. D. Integration Black separatism Segregation Cultural Diffusion Goal 11.01 85. The Cold War included many events, among them are the: I. Cuban Missile Crisis II. U-2 incident III. Marshall Plan IV. Operation Second Start A. B. C. D. I and II I, II, and III I, III, and IV D. I, II, and IV Goal 11.03 86. President that introduced the Peace Corps as a new foreign policy? A. B. C. D. Lyndon Johnson Richard Nixon John F. Kennedy D. Jimmy Carter Goal 11.03 87. During the 20th century, which factor most directly led to large increases in women workers in the United States labor force? A. B. C. D. Universal suffrage Wartime demand Constitutional amendments strict divorce laws Goal 11.03 88. Which trend occurred in United States society in the 1950s? A. The number of marriages and the birthrate declined. B. Day-care services for children became widely available C. Suburban areas developed rapidly. D. The automobile became less important in people’s lives. Goal 11.04 89. The domino theory was use by the United States as a justification for: A. Participating in the Vietnam War (1960s-1970s) B. Extending diplomatic recognition to the People’s Republic of China (1979) C. Negotiating with Iran to release American hostages (1979-1980) D. D. Sending armed forces to the Middle East (1990-1991) Goal 11.04 90. Protests against United States involvement in Vietnam grew in the late1960s and early 1970s mainly because many Americans: A. Believed that the war was unjust. B. Objected to the drafting of college students. C. Feared nuclear war with the Soviet Union. D. D. Opposed participation in conflicts involving the United Nations. Goal 11.05 91. In 1960, John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon were the first presidential candidates to have nationally televised debates. Which statement best describes the public’s perception of the candidates during the debates? A. Kennedy’s Roman Catholic religion became les important after the debate. B. People watching were impressed with Nixon’s political experience C. People listening to the radio thought Nixon had won; people watching television thought Kennedy won. D. D. Political issues were emphasized more than the images presented by the candidates. Goal 11.06 92. The resolution of the Watergate affair was significant because it reinforced the idea that in the United States the: A. Government is based on the rule of law, not on the rule of an individual. B. Chief Executive has nearly unlimited powers. C. Congress is not effective in dealing with a constitutional crisis. D. Supreme Court is afraid to make decision involving the Presidency Goal 11.06 93. A major achievement of the Presidency of Jimmy Carter was the Camp David accords that did which of the following? A. Established diplomatic relations between Egypt and Israel. B. Created permanent US military bases in Latin America. C. Committed US combat troops to Bosnia D. D. Ended the Cold War in Europe Goal 12.04 94. Which of the following twentieth century presidents called for less government involvement in the lives of its citizens? A. B. C. D. Franklin Roosevelt John Kennedy Lyndon Johnson Ronald Reagan Goal 12.03 95. In the United States, in the 1990s, cuts in defense spending have been proposed because: A. Japan has assumed the peacekeeping responsibilities of the United Nations B. Military technology ahs become less expensive C. The United States has returned to an isolationist foreign policy D. D. Communist governments in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union have collapsed Goal 12.01 96. The main reason that United States troops were sent to Bosnia in the mid-1990’s was to: A. Guarantee the safety of American citizens living in the area. B. Protect American investments in the Balkans. C. Assure the continual production of critical natural resources. D. D. Help bring about political stability in the area. Goal 12.02 97. The big change in abortion laws came with the 1973 Supreme Court decision in: A. B. C. D. Roe v. Wade Plessy v. Ferguson Reynolds v. Sims Gideon v. Wainwright Goal 12.05 98. Based on current demographic trends, the fastest growing minority group in America in the year 2000 will probably be which of the following? A. B. C. D. Japanese Americans African Americans Native Americans Hispanic Americans Goal 12.06 99. What did some devout Muslims fear would happen as the contact between the Middle East and Western society increased? A. That traditional values and beliefs would be weakened. B. That the United States would Launch terrorist attacks against them. C. That wealthy Middle Eastern families would enslave them. D. That Palestinians would want their own nation. Goal 12.04 100. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the United States, Mexico, and Canada is designed to: A. Increase commerce and eliminate tariffs. B. Encourage lower labor costs. C. Raise environmental standards. D. Allow citizens to move freely from one nation to another.