Download Hastings Regents Physics Mr. Willie Midterm

Name ____________________
Mr. Willie
Hastings Regents Physics
Midterm Exam Review-2
Newton's Laws of Motion
1. Which body is in equilibrium?
A) a satellite moving around Earth in a circular
orbit
B) a cart rolling down a frictionless incline
3. Which graph best represents the motion of an
object that is not in equilibrium as it travels along
a straight line?
A)
C) an apple falling freely toward the surface of
Earth
D) a block sliding at constant velocity across a
tabletop
B)
2. The data table below lists the mass and speed of
four different objects.
C)
D)
Which object has the greatest inertia?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
4. Base your answer to the following question on
Two forces are applied to a 2.0-kilogram block on
a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown in the
diagram below.
The acceleration of the block is
A) 5.0 m/s 2 to the right B) 5.0 m/s 2 to the left
C) 3.0 m/s 2 to the right D) 3.0 m/s 2 to the left
5. Base your answer to the following question on In
the graph below, the acceleration of an object is
plotted against the unbalanced force on the object.
8. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which shows a 1-kilogram stone
being dropped from rest from a bridge 100 meters
above a gorge.
What is the object's mass?
A) 1 kg
B) 2 kg
C) 0.5 kg D) 0.2 kg
6. A force of F Newtons gives an object with a mass
of M an acceleration of A. The same force F will
give a second object with a mass of 2M an
acceleration of
A) A/2
B) 2A
C) A
What is the weight of the stone?
A) .98 N B) 9.8 N C) 98 N
D) 980 N
D) A/4
7. An object weighing 4 Newtons rests on a
horizontal tabletop. The force of the tabletop on
the object is
A) 0 N
B) 4 N horizontally
C) 4 N downward
D) 4 N upward
9. At a given location on the earth's surface, which
graph best represents the relationship between an
object's mass (M) and weight (W) ?
A)
B)
C)
D)
10. A box decelerates as it moves to the right along a horizontal surface, as shown in the diagram at the right.
Which vector best represents the force of friction on the
box?
A)
B)
C)
D)
11. The diagram below shows a 4.0-kilogram object accelerating at 10. meters per second 2 on a rough
horizontal surface.
What is the magnitude of the frictional force Ff acting on the object?
A) 5.0 N
B) 10. N
C) 20. N
12. Jill is pulling a 200. Newton sled through the
snow at constant velocity using a horizontal force
of 10. Newtons. What is the kinetic coefficient
of friction of the sled on the snow?
A) 0.02 B) 0.05 C) 0.20 D) 20
D) 40. N
13. According to your reference table, Approximate
Coefficents of Friction, what is the minimum
horizontal force needed to start a 300. N steel
block on a steel table in motion?
A) 0.57 N
B) 074 N
C) 171 N
D) 222 N
14. The diagram below shows a child pulling a 50.-kilogram friend on a sled at a constant speed on a
level surface by applying a 300.-newton force on the sled rope at an angle of 40.º with the horizontal.
The force of friction between the sled and the surface is
A) 510 N
B) 230 N
C) 190 N
15. Base your answer to the following question on
The diagram below represents a block at rest on
an incline.
Which diagram best represents the forces acting on the
block? (Ff = frictional force, FN = normal force, and Fw = weight.)
A)
B)
C)
D)
D) 32 N
Base your answers to questions 16 through 20 on the
information below.
18. Determine the magnitude of the net force acting
on the box.
A horizontal force of 8.0 newtons is used to pull
a 20.-newton wooden box moving toward the right
along a horizontal, wood surface, as shown.
16. Starting at point P on the diagram below, use a
metric ruler and a scale of 1.0 cm = 4.0 N to
draw a vector representing the normal force
acting on the box. Label the vector FN .
19. Determine the mass of the box.
20. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the
box. [Show all work, including the equation and
substitution with units.]
17. Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force
acting on the box. [Show all work, including the
equation and substitution with units.]
Circular Motion/Gravitation/Hooke's Law
21. Base your answer to the following question on the
information below.
23. The diagram below represents a ball undergoing
uniform circular motion as it travels clockwise on
a string.
A 2.0 × 103-kilogram car travels at a
constant speed of 12 meters per second
around a circular curve of radius 30. meters.
What is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of
the car as it goes around the curve?
A) 0.40 m/s 2
B) 4.8 m/s 2
C) 800 m/s 2
D) 9,600 m/s 2
22. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below which represents a
2.0-kilogram mass moving in a circular path on
the end of a string 0.50 meter long. The mass
moves in a horizontal plane at a constant speed of
4.0 meters per second.
At the moment shown in the diagram, what are the
correct directions of both the velocity and centripetal
acceleration of the ball?
A)
B)
C)
D)
24. Centripetal force Fc acts on a car going around a
curve. If the speed of the car were twice as great,
the magnitude of the centripetal force necessary
to keep the car moving in the same path would be
A)
The speed of the mass is changed to 2.0 meters per
second. Compared to the centripetal acceleration of the
mass when moving at 4.0 meters per second, its
centripetal acceleration when moving at 2.0 meters per
second would be
A) half as great
B) twice as great
C) one-fourth as great
D) four times great
B)
C)
D)
25. A 1750-kilogram car travels at a constant speed
of 15.0 meters per second around a horizontal,
circular track with a radius of 45.0 meters. The
magnitude of the centripetal force acting on the
car is
A) 5.00 N
B) 583 N
C) 8750 N
D) 3.94 × 10 5 N
26. Base your answer to the following question on the
information and diagram below. A 4.0-kilogram model airplane travels in a
horizontal circular path of radius 12 meters at
a constant speed of 6.0 meters per second.
29. What is the acceleration due to gravity at a
location where a 15.0-kilogram mass weighs 45.0
newtons?
A) 675 m/s 2
B) 9.81 m/s 2
C) 3.00 m/s 2
D) 0.333 m/s 2
30. The weight of a 2.0-kilogram mass on planet A is
40 Newtons. The acceleration due to gravity on
planet A is closest to
At the position shown, what is the direction of the net
force acting on the airplane?
A) north B) south C) east
D) west
A) 20 m/s 2
B) 2.0 m/s 2
C) 80 m/s 2
D) 40 m/s 2
31. A student performed a laboratory investigation to
determine the spring constant of a spring. The
force applied to the spring was varied and the
resulting elongation of the spring was measured.
The student graphed the data collected, as shown
below.
27. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force
between two 5.0-kilogram masses separated by a
distance of 5.0 meters?
A) 5.0 × 10 0 N
B) 3.3 × 10 –10 N
C) 6.7 × 10 –11 N
D) 1.3 × 10 –11 N
According to the student’s graph, what is the spring
constant for this spring?
28. Gravitational force exists between point
objects and separated by distance . If the
mass of is doubled and distance is tripled,
what is the new gravitational force between and ?
A)
B)
C)
D)
A) 0.050 m/N
B) 9.8 N/kg
C) 13 N• m
D) 20. N/m
32. The spring in a scale in the produce department
of a supermarket stretches 0.025 meter when a
watermelon weighing 1.0 × 10 2 newtons is placed
on the scale. The spring constant for this spring is
A) 3.2 × 10 5 N/m
B) 4.0 × 10 3 N/m
C) 2.5 N/m
D) 3.1 × 10 –2 N/m
Base your answers to questions 33 through 35 on the information and digram below.
A 1.50-kilogram cart travels in a horizontal circle of radius 2.40 meters at a constant speed of 4.00
meters per second.
33. Calculate the time required for the cart to make one complete revolution. [Show all work, including
the equation and substitution with units.]
34. Describe a change that would quadruple the magnitude of the centripetal force.
35. On the blank circle above, draw an arrow to represent the direction of the acceleration of the cart in
the position shown. Label the arrow a.
Impulse-Momentum
36. Which object has the greatest momentum?
A) a 12-kg mass moving at 1 m/sec
B) a 5-kg mass moving at 2 m/sec
C) a 9-kg mass moving at 3 m/sec
D) a 4-kg mass moving at 4 m/sec
37. A 25-kilogram mass travels east with a constant
velocity of 40. meters per second. The
momentum of this mass is
A) 1.0 × 10 3 kg-m/s east
39. A mother pushes her 120-newton child, who is
sitting on a swing. If the mother exerts a
10.-newton force on the child for 0.50 second,
what is the magnitude of the impulse imparted to
the child by the mother?
A) 5.0 N•s
B) 20. N/s
C) 60. N•s
D) 240 N/s
40. Lab carts A and B are initially at rest with a
compressed spring between them as shown in the
diagram below.
B) 9.8 × 10 3 kg-m/s east
C) 1.0 × 10 3 kg-m/s west
D) 9.8 × 10 3 kg-m/s west
Which statement best describes the motion of the carts
after the spring is released?
38. A 1.0-kilogram mass changes speed from 2.0
meters per second to 5.0 meters per second. The
change in the object's momentum is
A) 9.0 kg-m/sec
B) 21 kg-m/sec
C) 3.0 kg-m/sec
D) 29 kg-m/sec
A) Cart A has twice the momentum of cart B.
B) Cart B has twice the momentum of cart A.
C) Cart A has twice the velocity of cart B.
D) Cart B has twice the velocity of cart A.
Base your answers to questions 41 and 42 on the diagram below which represents carts A and B being
pushed apart by a spring which exerts an average force
of 50. Newtons for a period of 0.20 second. [Assume
friction-less conditions.]
41. Compared to the magnitude of the impulse acting
on cart A, the magnitude of the impulse acting on
cart B is
A) one-half as great
B) twice as great
C) the same
D) four times as great
42. Compared to the total momentum of the carts
before the spring is released, the total momentum
of the carts after the spring is released is
A) one-half as great
B) twice as great
C) the same
D) four times as great
43. Base your answer to the following question on A
1.2-kilogram block and a 1.8-kilogram block are
initially at rest on a frictionless, horizontal
surface. When a compressed spring between the
blocks is released, the 1.8-kilogram block moves
to the right at 2.0 meters per second, as shown.
What is the speed of the 1.2-kilogram block after the
spring is released?
A) 1.4 m/s
B) 2.0 m/s
C) 3.0 m/s
D) 3.6 m/s
44. The diagram below shows a 4.0-kilogram cart moving to the right and a 6.0-kilogram cart moving to
the left on a horizontal frictionless surface.
When the two carts collide they lock together.
(a) Determine the speed of the two carts after the collision.
(Show all work including the equation and substitution with units)
(b) What direction will the two locked carts be going after the collision?
45. A bicycle and its rider have a combined mass of
80. kilograms and a speed of 6.0 meters per
second. What is the magnitude of the average
force needed to bring the bicycle and its rider to a
stop in 4.0 seconds?
(Show all work including the equation and
substitution with units)
Answer Key
Regents Midterm Practice 2
1.
E
27.
C
45.
2.
D
28.
A
3.
B
29.
C
4.
C
30.
A
5.
C
31.
D
6.
A
32.
B
7.
D
33.
v = d
8.
B
9.
A
10.
D
11.
B
12.
B
13.
D
14.
B
15.
D
t
t=
3.77 s
34.
16.
17.
Examples: — double
the speed of the car
— reduce the radius
to 0.60 m —
quadruple the mass —
double the mass of the
cart and halve the
radius — increase the
speed of the cart to
5.66 m/s and double
the mass of the cart
— increase the speed
of the cart to 5.66 m/s
and halve the radius
35.
18.
2.0 N
19.
2.0 kg
20.
21.
B
22.
C
23.
A
24.
D
25.
C
26.
C
36.
C
37.
A
38.
C
39.
A
40.
C
41.
C
42.
C
43.
C
44.
(a) 0.60 m/s
(b) Left
1.2 × 10 2 N