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South Pasadena • Chemistry Name Period Date 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 1 Count from 1 to 10 in “chemistry”: 1 2 3 4 methethpropbut- 5 pent- 6 hex- • VOCABULARY 7 hept- 8 oct- 9 non- 10 dec- Match the following terms with their definitions: C 1. parent chain A. group of atoms off the parent chain (e.g. methyl or ethyl). B 2. isomer B. same parts, two molecules with the same molecular formula but different H 3. polymer structural formulas. E 4. structural formula C. longest string of carbon atoms in a molecule. D 5. bonding capacity D. number of holes in an atom (e.g. O-2, H-1, C-4, etc.) G 6. saturated E. picture of a molecule showing how atoms are connected. A 7. side group F. two molecules join by losing an H2O molecule. F 8. condensation reaction G. molecule with as many hydrogen atoms as possible; an alkane. H. many parts; a molecule made of repeating units. 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 2 • HYDROCARBONS Fill in this chart of formulas and names of hydrocarbons: C3H8 propane C7H14 heptene C9H20 nonane C3H6 propene C4H8 butene C10H18 decyne C8H16 octene CH4 methane C6H10 hexyne C5H12 pentane C2H2 ethyne C6H14 hexane 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 3 • MORE Draw the molecule with the name: 2,3,3-trimethyloctane HYDROCARBONS What is the name of this hydrocarbon? H H C H H H CH3 H H H H H C C C C C C C C H H H CH3 H H H H H 3-methylhexane What is the name of this hydrocarbon? Draw the molecule with the name: 3,3-dimethylpentane H H 2,4-dimethylhexane C H H H H H H C C C C C H H H H H H C H H 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 4 • ISOMERS There are at least five isomers with the molecular formula, C6H14. Draw and name three of them: H H H H H H H C C C C C C H H H H H H H H CH3 H H H C C C C C H H H H H hexane H H H H CH3 H H C C C C H CH3 H H H H 2,2-dimethylbutane H CH3 H H C C C C H H CH3 H H CH3 H H C C C C C H H H H H 2-methylpentane H H H 3-methylpentane H 2,3-dimethylbutane Draw and name the six isomers of dichlorobutane, C4H8Cl2: H Cl H H H C C C C Cl H H H H H 1,1-dichorobutane H Cl H H Cl C C C C H H H H 1,4-dichorobutane Cl Cl H H C C C C H H H H H H 1,2-dichorobutane H H H Cl H H C C C C H Cl H H 2,2-dichorobutane Cl H Cl H C C C C H H H H H 1,3-dichorobutane H H H Cl Cl H C C C C H H H H 2,3-dichorobutane H 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 5 • MORE ISOMERS There are four isomers of butene, C4H8. Draw the structural formulas given the names: H H H C C H C C H C H C H H H C H H C H H 1-butene H H H H H 2-methylpropene H C C C C H H H H H H cis-2-butene H C C H H H H C C H H trans-2-butene 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 6 • ALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES Identify the following as characteristics of alkanes (A), alkenes (E), or alkynes (Y). E Has a molecular formula of CnH2n. E C4H8 is an example. E Has a H–C–C bond angle of 120°. Y Contains a C≡C. E Can have cis- and trans- isomers. Y Has a molecular formula of CnH2n–2 EY Cannot rotate around C–C bond. A C7H16 is an example. A Every bond angle is 109.5°. Y Uses the suffix –yne. 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 7 • FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Label these pictures with the type of functional group: The choices are: alcohol, aldehydes, ketone, ether, carboxylic acid, ester aldehyde ether ester alcohol carboxylic acid ketone Draw the structural formulas of these three common chemicals: H H OH H C C C H H H H rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) H H O C C O H H H H O H C C C H vinegar (ethanoic acid or acetic acid) H H acetone (propanone) 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 8 • CONDENSATION REACTIONS Look at the carboxylic acid and the alcohol molecules below. Draw a BOX around the atoms that will form H2O. Draw the ester molecule that will be formed when these two molecules react: H H O C C H Draw a BOX around the “amine group” and a CIRCLE around the “acid group.” O H H C C H H H Draw a box around the atoms that form water as these two amino acids join to form a protein: 3 · Organic Chemistry STATION 9 • COMBUSTION Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of the following compounds. Pentane C5H12 + 8 O2 5 CO2 + 6 H2O Heptene 2 C7H14 + 21 O2 14 CO2 + 14 H2O Butanal, C4H8O 2 C4H8O + 11 O2 8 CO2 + 8 H2O REACTIONS