Download 3 · Organic Chemistry 3 · Organic Chemistry C3H8

South Pasadena • Chemistry
Name
Period
Date
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 1
Count from 1 to 10 in “chemistry”:
1
2
3
4
methethpropbut-
5
pent-
6
hex-
• VOCABULARY
7
hept-
8
oct-
9
non-
10
dec-
Match the following terms with their definitions:
C 1. parent chain
A. group of atoms off the parent chain (e.g. methyl or ethyl).
B 2. isomer
B. same parts, two molecules with the same molecular formula but different
H 3. polymer
structural formulas.
E 4. structural formula
C. longest string of carbon atoms in a molecule.
D 5. bonding capacity
D. number of holes in an atom (e.g. O-2, H-1, C-4, etc.)
G 6. saturated
E. picture of a molecule showing how atoms are connected.
A 7. side group
F. two molecules join by losing an H2O molecule.
F 8. condensation reaction
G. molecule with as many hydrogen atoms as possible; an alkane.
H. many parts; a molecule made of repeating units.
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 2
•
HYDROCARBONS
Fill in this chart of formulas and names of hydrocarbons:
C3H8
propane
C7H14
heptene
C9H20
nonane
C3H6
propene
C4H8
butene
C10H18
decyne
C8H16
octene
CH4
methane
C6H10
hexyne
C5H12
pentane
C2H2
ethyne
C6H14
hexane
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 3
•
MORE
Draw the molecule with the name:
2,3,3-trimethyloctane
HYDROCARBONS
What is the name of this hydrocarbon?
H
H
C
H
H
H
CH3 H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
CH3 H
H
H
H
H
3-methylhexane
What is the name of this hydrocarbon?
Draw the molecule with the name:
3,3-dimethylpentane
H
H
2,4-dimethylhexane
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
H
H
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 4
• ISOMERS
There are at least five isomers with the molecular formula, C6H14. Draw and name three of them:
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
CH3 H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
hexane
H
H
H
H
CH3 H
H
C
C
C
C
H
CH3 H
H
H
H
2,2-dimethylbutane
H
CH3 H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
CH3 H
H
CH3 H
H
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
2-methylpentane
H
H
H
3-methylpentane
H
2,3-dimethylbutane
Draw and name the six isomers of dichlorobutane, C4H8Cl2:
H
Cl
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
Cl
H
H
H
H
H
1,1-dichorobutane
H
Cl
H
H
Cl
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
1,4-dichorobutane
Cl
Cl
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
1,2-dichorobutane
H
H
H
Cl
H
H
C
C
C
C
H
Cl
H
H
2,2-dichorobutane
Cl
H
Cl
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
1,3-dichorobutane
H
H
H
Cl
Cl
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
2,3-dichorobutane
H
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 5
•
MORE
ISOMERS
There are four isomers of butene, C4H8. Draw the structural formulas given the names:
H
H
H
C
C
H
C
C
H
C
H
C
H
H
H
C
H
H
C
H
H
1-butene
H
H
H
H
H
2-methylpropene
H
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
H
H
cis-2-butene
H
C
C
H
H
H
H
C
C
H
H
trans-2-butene
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 6
• ALKANES, ALKENES,
ALKYNES
Identify the following as characteristics of alkanes (A), alkenes (E), or alkynes (Y).
E Has a molecular formula of CnH2n.
E C4H8 is an example.
E Has a H–C–C bond angle of 120°.
Y Contains a C≡C.
E Can have cis- and trans- isomers.
Y Has a molecular formula of CnH2n–2
EY Cannot rotate around C–C bond.
A C7H16 is an example.
A Every bond angle is 109.5°.
Y Uses the suffix –yne.
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 7
• FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Label these pictures with the type of functional group:
The choices are:
alcohol, aldehydes, ketone, ether, carboxylic acid, ester
aldehyde
ether
ester
alcohol
carboxylic acid
ketone
Draw the structural formulas of these three common chemicals:
H
H
OH H
C
C
C
H
H
H
H
rubbing alcohol
(isopropyl alcohol)
H
H
O
C
C
O
H
H
H
H
O
H
C
C
C
H
vinegar
(ethanoic acid or acetic acid)
H
H
acetone
(propanone)
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 8
• CONDENSATION
REACTIONS
Look at the carboxylic acid and the alcohol molecules below. Draw a BOX around the atoms that will form
H2O. Draw the ester molecule that will be formed when these two molecules react:
H
H
O
C
C
H
Draw a BOX around the “amine group” and a
CIRCLE around the “acid group.”
O
H
H
C
C
H
H
H
Draw a box around the atoms that form water as these two
amino acids join to form a protein:
3 · Organic Chemistry
STATION 9
• COMBUSTION
Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of the following compounds.
 Pentane
C5H12 + 8 O2  5 CO2 + 6 H2O

Heptene
2 C7H14 + 21 O2  14 CO2 + 14 H2O

Butanal, C4H8O
2 C4H8O + 11 O2  8 CO2 + 8 H2O
REACTIONS