Download Lifestyle Diseases

Unit One (3)
Lifestyle Diseases
Also called “non-communicable diseases”
5 Leading Lifestyle Illnesses:
 1. Heart Disease
 2. Cancer
3. (Respiratory Diseases)
 4. Stroke
 5. Diabetes
 Guided Notes will be taken over the
bulleted conditions.
Heart Disease
Blood, low in
Oxygen, returns to
the heart by way of
veins and enters
the right atrium
through the
Superior or Inferior
Vena Cava.
With one
contraction,
The blood that has
filled the ventricle
is pushed down
into the right
ventricle.
With another
Contraction, the
blood in the right
ventricle is pushed
through the
pulmonary artery to
the lungs.
Video: View the Aimation
Anatomy of the heart
4 Chambers:
2 upper Atria
2 Lower Ventricles
Blood, high in
oxygen, returns
to the heart from
the lungs and
enters the left
atrium. From
there, it’s
pumped to the
left ventricle.
When the
ventricle
contracts, it
forces the fresh
supply of blood
into the aorta to
In the lungs, carbon dioxide will be
be circulated
dropped off and fresh oxygen will be through the body.
Picked up.
The most common form
of heart disease is
Coronary Artery
Disease (CAD).
Coronary Arteries
Arteries that supply the heart muscle
(myocardium) with oxygen-rich blood.
CAD
Coronary Artery Disease
Video: View the Animation
CAD can cause:
Angina (left shoulder/chest pain)
- A warning sign of coronary artery
blockage, atherosclerosis.
Heart Attack (Myocardial infarction)
- Blood supply has stopped in one or more
of the coronary arteries. Heart muscle
damage occurs.
Besides CAD, another form of
heart disease is:
Congestive Heart Failure
The mycardium (heart muscle)
weakens and can not push blood out
of the heart effectively.
Congestive Heart Failure
A Concern for Young Athletes
Sudden Cardiac Death
Also called Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy,
- What happens? This genetic condition causes the heart muscle
thicken and loses its ability to sustain a regular rhythm.
- Athletes should have their heart screened during their yearly
physical exam.
- It’s normal for athletes who are out of shape to have symptoms of a
racing heart, shortness of break, or unusual fatigue during
workouts. But, athletes who find these symptoms to be regular or
unusual should be evaluated by a___________________________.
According to the CDC, About 70 young athletes in the United States
die each year from Sudden Cardiac Death.
Video about Ben Breedlove and his Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
• Which of the 3 risk factors for
lifestyle-related diseases are most
associated with causing heart
disease?
Cancer
Video: What is Cancer?is Cancer?
Cancer
Cancer defined:
“Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that
have the ability to migrate from the original
site and spread to distant sites.”
There are over 100 different types of cancer.
Metastasis: The spread of cancer cells
from the original tumor to other tissues of
the body.
Malignant: A tumor that is cancerous. It
will metastasize.
Benign: A tumor that remains in one place
and does not consist of malignant cells.
Common Cancers
Lung cancer is the most common cancer killer in
the U.S. among both men and women.
Video Animation
Breast Cancer
Leukemia
Cancer of white blood cells
Blood has four parts:
Plasma: the liquid part
Red Blood Cells: they carry oxygen
*White Blood Cells: they fight infection
Platelets: cause blood to clot
*White blood cells
Withdraw blood
centrifuge
Plasma
(55% of whole blood)
White blood cells and platelets
(<1% of whole blood)
Red blood cells
Red blood cells
(45% of whole blood)
platelets
Leukemia occurs
when any of the
white blood cell
types become
mutated and begin
dividing out of
control to crowd
out healthy cells
and invade other
Organs. It is one of
the most common
cancers found in
children.
Prostate Cancer
Most commonly occurring cancer in men,
although not the most deadly.
Oral Cancer
Any cancer that occurs on the lips, gums,
tongue, roof, or inner cheek of the mouth.
Tobacco is the prime risk factor:
Chewing Tobacco
Dip
Cigarettes
Pipes
Cigars
Prevention of Cancer
1. Avoid the known risk factors such as
excessive exposure to the sun and
carcinogens.
2. The key to surviving cancer is early
diagnosis and treatment.
3. Once cancer has a chance to
metastasize, it’s much more difficult to
treat.
Stroke
Stroke
Brain damage caused by a loss of
blood circulation. The blockage
usually occurs when a clot or (less
often) piece of plaque breaks away
from an artery elsewhere in the
body and lodges within a blood
vessel of the brain.
Stroke
Watch the Video Animation
Warning Signs of a Stroke
Act
F A S T
ace
arms
Animation
peech
ime
A stroke is often called a “brain
attack” and the risk factors are
the same as for heart attack.
Heredity + Lifestyle Choices
(family history)(tobacco, poor diet, lack of exercise)
*Women are at an increased for cardiovascular
disease, such as heart attack or stroke, if they are
a smoker and use hormone-based birth control
such as birth control pills, vaginal ring, patch, or
injections.
Diabetes
Video: What is Diabetes?
Diabetes
Characterized by high levels of
blood glucose resulting from
defects in insulin production,
insulin action, or both.
Glucose
Most of the food we eat will end
up as glucose in our bloodstream.
Another term for glucose is “blood sugar”.
Glucose is the body’s main energy supply
to fuel bodily processes.
Insulin
Too much glucose in the bloodstream at
once can be fatal. This is where insulin
comes into play....
Insulin is a hormone produced by the
pancreas responsible for transporting
glucose out of the bloodstream to be
delivered to the body’s cells.
Pancreas
Besides secreting pancreatic juice and
digestive enzymes, the
pancreas produces several important
hormones, including insulin,
glucagon, and somatostatin).
Type 1 Diabetes
Insulin dependent
An autoimmune disease
The person’s immune system destroys
the cells of the pancreas (beta cells)
responsible for creating insulin.
With Type 1 Diabetes,
the person must put
Insulin into his body
since the beta cells
are unable to produce
and release insulin.
Injection
Pump
Type 2 Diabetes
Non-insulin dependent
Most Common Type of Diabetes
In type 2 diabetes, either the body does not
produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the
insulin.
Obesity is the prime risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes
Can often be treated through
diet and exercise.