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GERUNDS AND
GERUND PHRASES
Barry 2011
Review: Verbals
verbal: a verb form that functions
as an adjective, a noun, or an
adverb
There are three kinds of verbals:
participles
2. gerunds
3. infinitives
1.
• What is a gerund?
Gerunds
gerund: a verbal that ends in
-ing and functions as a noun
Gerunds can function as:
1. the subject of a sentence
2. a direct object
3. an object of a preposition
Gerunds
Singing in choir is a fantastic way to make friends.
We overcame the awkwardness of the moment by
laughing nervously.
When young, I practiced riding my bicycle for hours.
Writing essays is one of the best parts of English.
Bobby loves eating a large breakfast on Saturdays.
Windy days are perfect for flying kites.
Gerund Phrases
What is a phrase?
What is a phrase, anyway?
A phrase is a group of related words
that functions as a single part of
speech and that does not contain
both a subject and a verb
So far this year, we have learned
about appositive phrases and
prepositional phrases, as well as
participial phrases
Gerund Phrases
A gerund phrase is a group of
words containing a gerund and
other words that complete its
meaning
Like a gerund, a gerund phrase
functions as a noun
Gerunds
We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many
impressive examples of architecture.
Gerunds
We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing
many impressive examples of architecture.
Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous
experience.
Gerunds
We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing
many impressive examples of architecture.
Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous
experience.
You could see all of New York by standing on its
observation deck.
Gerunds
We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing
many impressive examples of architecture.
Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous
experience.
You could see all of New York by standing on its
observation deck.
Gerunds
We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing
many impressive examples of architecture.
Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous
experience.
You could see all of New York by standing on its
observation deck.
Visiting the White House was another highlight of the trip.
Gerunds
We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing
many impressive examples of architecture.
Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous
experience.
You could see all of New York by standing on its
observation deck.
Visiting the White House was another highlight of the trip.
Right now, we are busy with the planning of our next trip.
Gerunds vs. Participles
Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the
surface.
Gerunds vs. Participles
Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the
surface.
present participle—adjective
Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience.
Gerunds vs. Participles
Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the
surface.
present participle—adjective
Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience.
gerund—subject of the sentence (noun)
Gerunds vs. Participles
Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the
surface.
present participle—adjective
Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience.
gerund—subject of the sentence (noun)
We passed the time by discussing politics.
Gerunds vs. Participles
Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the
surface.
present participle—adjective
Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience.
gerund—subject of the sentence (noun)
We passed the time by discussing politics.
gerund—object of the preposition (noun)
My family tries to avoid discussing politics.
Gerunds vs. Participles
Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the
surface.
present participle—adjective
Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience.
gerund—subject of the sentence (noun)
We passed the time by discussing politics.
gerund—object of the preposition (noun)
My family tries to avoid discussing politics.
gerund—object of the preposition (noun)
Gerunds vs. Participles
The two men, busily discussing politics, ignored the
ringing of their cell phones.
present participle—adjective
The man giving the speech tonight is my uncle.
present participle—adjective
Giving speeches makes most people nervous.
gerund—subject of the sentence (noun)
I am excited about going away to college someday.
gerund—object of the preposition (noun)