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GERUNDS AND GERUND PHRASES Barry 2011 Review: Verbals verbal: a verb form that functions as an adjective, a noun, or an adverb There are three kinds of verbals: participles 2. gerunds 3. infinitives 1. • What is a gerund? Gerunds gerund: a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun Gerunds can function as: 1. the subject of a sentence 2. a direct object 3. an object of a preposition Gerunds Singing in choir is a fantastic way to make friends. We overcame the awkwardness of the moment by laughing nervously. When young, I practiced riding my bicycle for hours. Writing essays is one of the best parts of English. Bobby loves eating a large breakfast on Saturdays. Windy days are perfect for flying kites. Gerund Phrases What is a phrase? What is a phrase, anyway? A phrase is a group of related words that functions as a single part of speech and that does not contain both a subject and a verb So far this year, we have learned about appositive phrases and prepositional phrases, as well as participial phrases Gerund Phrases A gerund phrase is a group of words containing a gerund and other words that complete its meaning Like a gerund, a gerund phrase functions as a noun Gerunds We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many impressive examples of architecture. Gerunds We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many impressive examples of architecture. Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous experience. Gerunds We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many impressive examples of architecture. Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous experience. You could see all of New York by standing on its observation deck. Gerunds We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many impressive examples of architecture. Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous experience. You could see all of New York by standing on its observation deck. Gerunds We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many impressive examples of architecture. Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous experience. You could see all of New York by standing on its observation deck. Visiting the White House was another highlight of the trip. Gerunds We enjoyed travelling across the country and seeing many impressive examples of architecture. Viewing the Empire State Building was a marvelous experience. You could see all of New York by standing on its observation deck. Visiting the White House was another highlight of the trip. Right now, we are busy with the planning of our next trip. Gerunds vs. Participles Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the surface. Gerunds vs. Participles Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the surface. present participle—adjective Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience. Gerunds vs. Participles Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the surface. present participle—adjective Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience. gerund—subject of the sentence (noun) Gerunds vs. Participles Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the surface. present participle—adjective Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience. gerund—subject of the sentence (noun) We passed the time by discussing politics. Gerunds vs. Participles Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the surface. present participle—adjective Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience. gerund—subject of the sentence (noun) We passed the time by discussing politics. gerund—object of the preposition (noun) My family tries to avoid discussing politics. Gerunds vs. Participles Running out of oxygen, the scuba diver swam to the surface. present participle—adjective Running out of oxygen can be a terrifying experience. gerund—subject of the sentence (noun) We passed the time by discussing politics. gerund—object of the preposition (noun) My family tries to avoid discussing politics. gerund—object of the preposition (noun) Gerunds vs. Participles The two men, busily discussing politics, ignored the ringing of their cell phones. present participle—adjective The man giving the speech tonight is my uncle. present participle—adjective Giving speeches makes most people nervous. gerund—subject of the sentence (noun) I am excited about going away to college someday. gerund—object of the preposition (noun)