Download Midterm Review Name: Date: 1. The length of a string is 85

Midterm Review
Name:
1.
The length of a string is 85 centimeters. Expressed in meters,
this length is
A.
2.
C.
8.5 m
D. 85 m
joule
B.
kilogram
C.
newton
D. watt
10.
2.7 N
B.
59 N
C.
96 N
15 m
B.
7.3 m
C.
D. 940 N
1.2 m
88 m
B.
44 m
C.
11.
12.
8.
1:0
10
kg
C.
1:0
101 kg
mechanical energy and heat
B.
energy and power
C.
momentum and work
1:0
10
1
kg
104 kg
D. 2:5
After a model rocket reached its maximum height, it then took
5.0 seconds to return to the launch site. What is the approximate
maximum height reached by the rocket? [Neglect air resistance.]
49 m
B.
98 m
C.
120 m
D. 250 m
An object moving at a constant speed of 25 meters per second
possesses 450 joules of kinetic energy. What is the object's
mass?
0.72 kg
B.
1.4 kg
C.
18 kg
D. 36 kg
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information and table below.
Time
Kinetic Energy
(seconds)
(joules)
D. 9.8 m
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
10.0
12.0
Which two quantities are measured in the same units?
A.
B.
The table lists the kinetic energy of a 4.0-kilogram
mass as it travels in a straight line for 12.0 seconds.
0.0
8.0
18
32
32
32
Calculate the speed of the mass at 10.0 seconds. [Show all
work, including the equation and substitution with units.]
D. work and power
7.
2
A.
A.
D. 0.37 m
29 m
A bullet traveling at 5:0 102 meters per second is brought to
rest by an impulse of 50. newton seconds. What is the mass of
the bullet?
A.
Approximately how far will an object near Earth's surface fall in
3.0 seconds?
A.
6.
0.85 m
A ball is thrown straight up with a speed of 12 meters per
second near the surface of Earth. What is the maximum height
reached by the ball? [Neglect air friction.]
A.
5.
B.
On the surface of planet X, the acceleration due to gravity is
16 meters per second2 . What is the weight of a 6.0-kilogram
mass located on the surface of planet X?
A.
4.
0.085 m
9.
A unit of mass is the
A.
3.
Date:
Which terms both represent scalar quantities?
A.
displacement and velocity
B.
C.
displacement and speed
D. distance and velocity
13.
Compare the speed of the mass at 6.0 seconds to the speed of
the mass at 10.0 seconds.
14.
An apple weighing 1 newton on the surface of Earth has a mass
of approximately
distance and speed
Satellite A has a mass of 1:5 103 kilograms and is traveling
east at 8:0 103 meters per second. Satellite B is traveling west
at 6:0 103 meters per second. The satellites collide head-on
and come to rest. What is the mass of satellite B?
A.
2:7
103 kg
B.
2:0
103 kg
C.
1:5
103 kg
D. 1:1
103 kg
page 1
1
A.
1
10
kg
C.
1
101 kg
1
100 kg
D. 1
102 kg
B.
Midterm Review
15.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
23.
Which diagram represents a box in equilibrium?
A.
The driver of a car made an emergency stop on a straight
horizontal road. The wheels locked and the car skidded to
a stop. The marks made by the rubber tires on the dry
asphalt are 16 meters long, and the car's mass is 1200
kilograms.
Determine the weight of the car.
B.
16.
Which unit is equivalent to a newton per kilogram?
A.
17.
W
m
C.
J s
D.
kg m
s
C.
6.0 m
B.
39 m
C.
78 m
D. 96 m
A 0.25-kilogram baseball is thrown upward with a speed of
30. meters per second. Neglecting friction, the maximum height
reached by the baseball is approximately
A.
19.
B.
A ball is thrown horizontally at a speed of 24 meters per second
from the top of a cli . If the ball hits the ground 4.0 seconds
later, approximately how high is the cli ?
A.
18.
m
s2
15 m
B.
46 m
C.
74 m
D.
D. 92 m
A rock falls from rest o a high cli . How far has the rock
fallen when its speed is 39.2 meters per second? [Neglect
friction.]
A.
19.6 m
B.
44.1 m
C.
78.3 m
24.
A.
Which wave phenomenon occurs when vibrations in one object
cause vibrations in a second object?
A.
21.
B.
resonance
C.
intensity
2.64 kg
B.
2.00 kg
N
m
B.
N
s
B.
Hz
m
C.
s/Hz
D. m/Hz
Two forces, F1 and F2 , are applied to a block on a frictionless,
horizontal surface as shown below.
C.
19.6 N
D. 7.42 N
C.
N/m
D. N/s
If the magnitude of the block's acceleration is 2.0 meters per
second2 , what is the mass of the block?
A.
A joule is equivalent to a
A.
s
D. tuning
A 2.00-kilogram object weighs 19.6 newtons on Earth. If the
acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 3.71 meters per second2 ,
what is the object's mass on Mars?
A.
22.
re ection
Hz
D. 123 m
25.
20.
Which unit is equivalent to meters per second?
page 2
1 kg
B.
5 kg
C.
6 kg
D. 7 kg
Midterm Review
26.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
30.
A car is traveling due north at 24.0 meters per second
when the driver sees an obstruction on the highway. The
data table shows the velocity of the car at 1.0-second
intervals as it is brought to rest on the straight, level
highway.
A roller coaster car has a mass of 290. kilograms. Starting from
rest, the car acquires 3:13 105 joules of kinetic energy as it
descends to the bottom of a hill in 5.3 seconds.
Calculate the height of the hill. [Neglect friction.] [Show all
work, including the equation and substitution with units.] [2]
27.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information and data table below.
Time Velocity
(s)
(m/s)
The accompanying displacement-time graph represents the
motion of a cart initially moving forward along a straight line.
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
24.0
19.0
14.0
10.0
4.0
Using the information in the data table, construct a
graph on the grid, following the directions below.
During which interval is the cart moving forward at constant
speed?
A.
28.
29.
AB
B.
BC
C.
CD
D. DE
A car travels 20 meters east in 1.0 second. The displacement of
the car at the end of this 1.0-second interval is
A.
20 m
B.
20 m/s
C.
20 m east
D. 20 m/s east
What is the average velocity of a car that travels 30. kilometers
due west in 0.50 hour?
A.
15 km/hr
B.
60. km/hr
C.
15 km/hr west
D. 60. km/hr west
Plot the data points for velocity versus time.
31.
page 3
Draw the best- t line.
Midterm Review
32.
Which pair of graphs represent the same motion?
35.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information and diagram below.
A.
A ball is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity
of 20.0 meters per second from the top of a tower 60.0
meters high.
B.
C.
D.
What is the initial vertical velocity of the ball?
A.
33.
As a cart travels around a horizontal circular track, the cart must
undergo a change in
A.
34.
velocity
B.
inertia
C.
speed
36.
D. weight
37.
Material
Coe cient of
Kinetic Friction
aluminum
0.47
brass
0.44
copper
0.36
steel
0.57
aluminum
B.
brass
C.
copper
9.81 m/s
C.
20.0 m/s
D. 60.0 m/s
9.81 m/s
B.
20.0 m/s
C.
34.3 m/s
D. 68.6 m/s
If the sum of all the forces acting on a moving object is zero,
the object will
A.
slow down and stop
B.
change the direction of its motion
C.
accelerate uniformly
D. continue moving with constant velocity
A 10.-kilogram block of each of these materials is pulled
horizontally across a steel oor at constant velocity. Which
block requires the smallest applied force to keep it moving at
constant velocity?
A.
B.
What is the horizontal velocity of the ball just before it reaches
the ground? [Neglect air resistance.]
A.
The accompanying table lists the coe cients of kinetic friction
for four materials sliding over steel.
0 m/s
38.
D. steel
page 4
A projectile has an initial horizontal velocity of 15 meters per
second and an initial vertical velocity of 25 meters per second.
Determine the projectile's horizontal displacement if the total
time of ight is 5.0 seconds. [Neglect friction]
Midterm Review
39.
Which graph best represents the relationship between the velocity
of an object thrown straight upward from Earth's surface and the
time that elapses while it is in the air? [Neglect friction.]
41.
A.
An object is thrown vertically upward. Which pair of graphs
best represents the object's kinetic energy and gravitational
potential energy as functions of its displacement while it rises?
A.
B.
B.
C.
C.
D.
D.
40.
The speedometer in a car does not measure the car's velocity
because velocity is a
A.
vector quantity and has a direction associated with it
B.
vector quantity and does not have a direction associated
with it
C.
scalar quantity and has a direction associated with it
D. scalar quantity and does not have a direction associated
with it
page 5
Midterm Review
42.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
46.
The path of a stunt car driven horizontally o a cli is
represented in the diagram below. After leaving the cli , the
car falls freely to point A in 0.50 second and to point B in
1.00 second.
The distance-time graph shown represents the motion of a
laboratory cart. According to this graph, the cart is
A.
slowing down
B.
speeding up
C.
not moving
D. moving at a constant speed
47.
What is the distance traveled by an object that moves with an
average speed of 6.0 meters per second for 8.0 seconds?
A.
48.
Determine the magnitude of the vertical velocity of the car at
point A.
43.
0.5 m/sec
B.
C.
5 m/sec
D. 50 m/sec
B.
1.3 m
C.
14 m
D. 48 m
The diagram shows a graph of distance as a function of time for
an object in straight-line motion. According to the graph, the
object most likely has
A.
a constant momentum
B.
a decreasing acceleration
C.
a decreasing mass
D. an increasing speed
The uniform motion of a cart is shown in the distance versus
time graph. What is the average speed of the cart?
A.
0.75 m
2 m/sec
49.
The graph shown represents the relationship between distance
and time for an object in motion. During which interval is the
speed of the object changing?
A.
AB
B.
C.
CD
D. DE
BC
44. A car travels 300 meters in 15 seconds. What is the average
velocity of the car?
A.
45.
5.0 m/sec
B.
15 m/sec
C.
20 m/sec
D. 30 m/sec
50.
How long will it take an object to move 100 meters if the object
is traveling with an average speed of 0.5 meter per second?
A.
200 sec
B.
2 sec
C.
5 sec
A car having an initial speed of 16 meters per second is
uniformly brought to rest in 4.0 seconds. How far does the car
travel during this 4.0-second interval?
A.
D. 50 sec
page 6
32 m
B.
82 m
C.
96 m
D. 4.0 m
Midterm Review
51.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
53.
A 5.0-kilogram block weighing 49 newtons sits on a frictionless,
horizontal surface. A horizontal force of 20. newtons toward the
right is applied to the block. [Neglect air resistance]
A.
Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the block. [Show
all calculations, including the equation and substitution with
units.]
52.
A runner starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed
of 8.0 meters per second in 4.0 seconds. The magnitude of the
acceleration of the runner is
54.
0.50 m/s2
B.
2.0 m/s2
C.
9.8 m/s2
D. 32 m/s2
Two forces are applied to a 2.0-kilogram block on a frictionless
horizontal surface, as shown in the accompanying diagram.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information and data table below.
A car is traveling due north at 24.0 meters per second
when the driver sees an obstruction on the highway. The
data table shows the velocity of the car at 1.0-second
intervals as it is brought to rest on the straight, level
highway.
Time
(s)
Velocity
(m/s)
0.0
24.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
The acceleration of the block is
19.0
A.
1.5 m/s2 to the right
B.
2.5 m/s2 to the left
C.
2.5 m/s2 to the right
D. 4.0 m/s2 to the left
14.0
10.0
55.
4.0
Using the information in the data table, construct a
graph on the grid, following the directions below.
A 15-kilogram mass weighs 60. newtons on planet X. The mass
is allowed to fall freely from rest near the surface of the planet.
After falling for 6.0 seconds, the acceleration of the mass is
A.
56.
58.
Using your graph, determine the acceleration of the car. [Show
all calculations, including the equation and substitution with
units.]
10. m/s2
C.
24 m/s2
D. 4.0 m/s2
1.0 m/s
B.
6.0 m/s
C.
9.0 m/s
D. 4.0 m/s
A red ball and a green ball are simultaneously thrown
horizontally from the same height. The red ball has an initial
speed of 40. meters per second and the green ball has an initial
speed of 20. meters per second. Compared to the time it takes
the red ball to reach the ground, the time it takes the green ball
to reach the ground will be
A.
the same
B.
C.
half as much
D. four times as much
twice as much
A 4.0-kilogram rock and a 1.0-kilogram stone fall freely from
rest from a height of 100 meters. After they fall for 2.0 seconds,
the ratio of the rock's speed to the stone's speed is
A.
page 7
B.
A 2.0-kilogram cart moving due east at 6.0 meters per second
collides with a 3.0-kilogram cart moving due west. The carts
stick together and come to rest after the collision. What was the
initial speed of the 3.0-kilogram cart?
A.
57.
0.25 m/s2
1:1
B.
1:2
C.
2:1
D. 4 : 1
Midterm Review
59.
In the accompanying diagram, a box is on a frictionless
horizontal surface with forces F1 and F2 acting as shown.
65.
Calculate the net force required to give the car the acceleration
claimed in the advertisement. [Show all work, including the
equation and substitution with units.]
66.
A constant unbalanced force is applied to an object for a period
of time. Which graph best represents the acceleration of the
object as a function of elapsed time?
If the magnitude of F1 is greater than the magnitude of F2 , then
the box is
A.
moving at constant speed in the direction of F1
B.
moving at constant speed in the direction of F2
C.
accelerating in the direction of F1
A.
D. accelerating in the direction of F2
60.
61.
What is an essential characteristic of an object in equilibrium?
A.
zero velocity
B.
C.
zero potential energy
D. zero kinetic energy
6.0 m/s
B.
10. m/s
C.
14 m/s
C.
D. 36 m/s
A net force of 10. newtons accelerates an object at 5.0 meters
per second2 . What net force would be required to accelerate the
same object at 1.0 meter per second2 ?
A.
63.
zero acceleration
An object with an initial speed of 4.0 meters per second
accelerates uniformly at 2.0 meters per second2 in the direction
of its motion for a distance of 5.0 meters. What is the nal
speed of the object?
A.
62.
B.
1.0 N
B.
2.0 N
C.
5.0 N
D.
D. 50. N
A ball thrown vertically upward reaches a maximum height of
30. meters above the surface of Earth. At its maximum height,
the speed of the ball is
A.
0.0 m/s
B.
3.1 m/s
C.
9.8 m/s
D. 24 m/s
67.
64. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
A manufacturer's advertisement claims that their 1,250-kilogram
(12,300-newton) sports car can accelerate on a level road from
0 to 60.0 miles per hour (0 to 26.8 meters per second) in 3.75
seconds.
A 60.0-kilogram runner has 1920 joules of kinetic energy. At
what speed is she running?
A.
Determine the acceleration, in meters per second2 , of the car
according to the advertisement.
page 8
5.66 m/s
B.
8.00 m/s
C.
32.0 m/s
D. 64.0 m/s
Midterm Review
68.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information and diagram below.
73.
A 250.-kilogram car is initially at rest at point A on
a roller coaster track. The car carries a 75-kilogram
passenger and is 20. meters above the ground at point A.
[Neglect friction.]
Which characteristic is the same for every color of light in a
vacuum?
A.
74.
energy
B.
frequency
C.
speed
D. period
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
One end of a rope is attached to a variable speed drill and
the other end is attached to a 5.0-kilogram mass. The rope is
draped over a hook on a wall opposite the drill. When the drill
rotates at a frequency of 20.0 Hz, standing waves of the same
frequency are set up in the rope. The diagram below shows
such a wave pattern.
Calculate the speed of the car and passenger at point B. [Show
all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]
69.
A ball is thrown straight downward with a speed of 0.50 meter
per second from a height of 4.0 meters. What is the speed of
the ball 0.70 second after it is released? [Neglect friction.]
A.
70.
0.50 m/s
B.
7.4 m/s
C.
9.8 m/s
Calculate the speed of the wave in the rope. [Show all work,
including the equation and substitution with units.] [2]
D. 15 m/s
75.
Two spheres, A and B, are simultaneously projected horizontally
from the top of a tower. Sphere A has a horizontal speed of
40. meters per second and sphere B has a horizontal speed of
20. meters per second. Which statement best describes the time
required for the spheres to reach the ground and the horizontal
distance they travel? [Neglect friction and assume the ground is
level.]
A.
Both spheres hit the ground at the same time and at the
same distance from the base of the tower.
B.
Both spheres hit the ground at the same time, but sphere A
lands twice as far as sphere B from the base of the tower.
C.
Both spheres hit the ground at the same time, but sphere B
lands twice as far as sphere A from the base of the tower.
A 1500-kilogram car accelerates at 5.0 meters per second2 on
a level, dry, asphalt road. Determine the magnitude of the net
horizontal force acting on the car.
72.
As a car is driven south in a straight line with decreasing speed,
the acceleration of the car must be
A.
directed northward
B.
C.
zero
D. constant, but not zero
A.
Both acceleration and speed increase.
B.
Both acceleration and speed remain the same.
C.
Acceleration increases and speed decreases.
D. Acceleration remains the same and speed increases.
76.
D. Sphere A hits the ground before sphere B, and sphere A
lands twice as far as sphere B from the base of the tower.
71.
A rock is dropped from a bridge. What happens to the
magnitude of the acceleration and the speed of the rock as it
falls? [Neglect friction.]
A child riding a bicycle at 15 meters per second accelerates at
3.0 meters per second2 for 4.0 seconds. What is the child's
speed at the end of this 4.0-second interval?
A.
directed southward
page 9
12 m/s
B.
27 m/s
C.
3.0 m/s
D. 7.0 m/s
Midterm Review
77.
A baseball player throws a ball horizontally. Which statement
best describes the ball's motion after it is thrown? [Neglect the
e ect of friction.]
A.
Its vertical speed remains the same, and its horizontal speed
increases.
B.
Its vertical speed remains the same, and its horizontal speed
remains the same.
C.
Its vertical speed increases, and its horizontal speed
increases.
81.
On the diagram below, draw and label all horizontal forces
acting on the crate.
82.
A 60-kilogram skydiver is falling at a constant speed near the
surface of Earth. The magnitude of the force of air friction
acting on the skydiver is approximately
D. Its vertical speed increases, and its horizontal speed remains
the same.
78.
The magnitude of the force that a baseball bat exerts on a ball
is 50. newtons. The magnitude of the force that the ball exerts
on the bat is
A.
79.
A.
5.0 N
B.
10. N
C.
50. N
83.
D. 250 N
The accompanying diagram shows a granite block being slid
at constant speed across a horizontal concrete oor by a force
parallel to the oor.
84.
80.
B.
6N
C.
60 N
D. 600 N
When a 12-newton horizontal force is applied to a box on a
horizontal tabletop, the box remains at rest. The force of static
friction acting on the box is
A.
0N
B.
C.
12 N
D. greater than 12 N
between 0 N and 12 N
A box is pushed toward the right across a classroom oor. The
force of friction on the box is directed toward the
A.
85.
0N
left
B.
right
C.
ceiling
D.
oor
Which pair of quantities could be used to determine the
coe cient of friction for the granite on the concrete?
A student does 60. joules of work pushing a 3.0-kilogram box
up the full length of a ramp that is 5.0 meters long. What is
the magnitude of the force applied to the box to do this work?
A.
mass and speed of the block
A.
B.
mass and normal force on the block
C.
frictional force and speed of the block
86.
20. N
B.
15 N
C.
12 N
D. 4.0 N
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
D. frictional force and normal force on the block
A soccer player accelerates a 0.50-kilogram soccer ball by
kicking it with a net force of 5.0 newtons.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the ball. [Show
all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]
A force of 10. newtons toward the right is exerted on
a wooden crate initially moving to the right on a horizontal
wooden oor. The crate weighs 25 newtons.
87.
On the diagram below, draw and label all vertical forces acting
on the crate.
page 10
What is the magnitude of the force of the soccer ball on the
player's foot?
Midterm Review
88.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
93.
A manufacturer's advertisement claims that their 1,250-kilogram
(12,300-newton) sports car can accelerate on a level road from
0 to 60.0 miles per hour (0 to 26.8 meters per second) in 3.75
seconds.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which shows a 1.0-newton metal disk resting on an index
card that is balanced on top of a glass.
What is the normal force exerted by the road on the car?
89.
90.
The coe cient of friction between the car's tires and the road is
0.80. Calculate the maximum force of friction between the car's
tires and the road. [Show all work, including the equation and
substitution with units.]
What is the net force acting on the disk?
A.
A man is pushing a baby stroller. Compared to the magnitude
of the force exerted on the stroller by the man, the magnitude of
the force exerted on the man by the stroller is
A.
zero
B.
smaller, but greater than zero
C.
larger
94.
1.0 N
B.
2.0 N
C.
0N
D. 9.8 N
A 0.15-kilogram baseball moving at 20. meters per second
is stopped by a catcher in 0.010 second. The average force
stopping the ball is
2
A.
3:0
10
N
C.
3:0
101 N
3:0
100 N
D. 3:0
102 N
B.
D. the same
95.
91.
92.
The coe cient of kinetic friction between a 780.-newton crate
and a level warehouse oor is 0.200. Calculate the magnitude
of the horizontal force required to move the crate across the
oor at constant speed. [Show all work, including the equation
and substitution with units.]
The instant before a batter hits a 0.14-kilogram baseball, the
velocity of the ball is 45 meters per second west. The instant
after the batter hits the ball, the ball's velocity is 35 meters
per second east. The bat and ball are in contact for 1:0 10 2
second.
Calculate the magnitude of the average force the bat exerts on
the ball while they are in contact. [Show all work, including the
equation and substitution with units.]
The diagram below shows a 5.00-kilogram block at rest on a
horizontal, frictionless table.
96.
The diagram here shows a 1-kilogram aluminum sphere and
a 3-kilogram copper sphere of equal radius located 20 meters
above the ground.
Which diagram best represents the force exerted on the block by
the table?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Just before striking the ground, the speed of the copper sphere
is 20 meters per second. What is the momentum of the copper
sphere?
page 11
A.
10 kg-m/sec
B.
20 kg-m/sec
C.
60 kg-m/sec
D. 600 kg-m/sec
Midterm Review
97.
98.
99.
When objects exert forces on each other, the total momentum of
the system
A.
decreases
B.
C.
remains the same
104. A 2.0-kilogram ri e initially at rest res a 0.002-kilogram bullet.
As the bullet leaves the ri e with a velocity of 500 meters per
second, what is the momentum of the ri e-bullet system?
increases
The momentum of a 5-kilogram object moving at 6 meters per
second is
A.
1 kg
C.
11 kg
m/sec
B.
m/sec
5 kg
D. 30 kg
a 1-kg object moving at 200 m/sec
B.
a 10-kg object moving at 30 m/sec
C.
a 20-kg object moving at 20 m/sec
m/sec
m/sec
100. As a 1.0-kilogram mass falls freely to the Earth, its momentum
decreases
B.
C.
remains the same
50 kg
m/s
C.
20,000 kg
B.
m/s
200 kg
6 m/s
B.
D. 400,000 kg
2 m/s
C.
3 m/s
m/s
0.25 m/s
B.
2500 m/s
C.
40 m/s
C.
0.5 kg
m/s
D. 0 kg
m/s
m/s
A.
0 kg
C.
16 kg
m/s
m/s
B.
8.0 kg
m/s
D. 32 kg
m/s
A.
acceleration
B.
height
C.
momentum
D. speed
A.
48 kg
m/s
B.
60 kg
m/s
C.
80 kg
m/s
D. 480 kg
m/s
A.
its momentum
B.
its kinetic energy
C.
its acceleration
D. its gravitational potential energy
D. 4 m/s
109. What is the momentum of a 1:5 103 kilogram car as it travels
at 30 meters per second due east for 60 seconds?
103. What is the magnitude of the velocity of a 25-kilogram mass
that is moving with a momentum of 100 kilogram-meters per
second?
A.
2.0 kg
108. If the speed of a moving object is doubled, which quantity
associated with the object must also double?
m/s
102. A 20-kilogram cart traveling east with a speed of 6 meters per
second collides with a 30-kilogram cart traveling west. If both
carts come to rest immediately after the collision, what was the
speed of the westbound cart before the collision?
A.
B.
107. If a net force of 10 newtons acts on a 6.0-kilogram mass for
8.0 seconds, the total change of momentum of the mass is
increases
101. A rocket with a mass of 1,000 kilograms is moving at a speed
of 20 meters per second. The magnitude of the momentum is
A.
m/s
106. Two rocks weighing 5 newtons and 10 newtons, respectively, fall
freely from rest near the Earth's surface. After 3 seconds of
free-fall, compared to the 5-newton rock, the 10-newton rock has
greater
D. a 100-kg object moving at 2 m/sec
A.
2.5 kg
105. A 2.0-kilogram ball traveling north at 4.0 meters per second
collides head on with a 1.0-kilogram ball traveling south at
8.0 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the total
momentum of the two balls after collision?
Which of the following objects has the greatest momentum?
A.
A.
D. 4.0 m/s
page 12
A.
4:5
104 kg m=s, east
B.
C.
2:7
106 kg m, east
D. 2:7
4:5
104 kg m=s, west
106 kg m, west
Midterm Review
110. Which two quantities can be expressed using the same units?
A.
energy and force
B.
C.
momentum and energy
D. impulse and momentum
117. How much work is done when a rock weighing 10 newtons is
lifted a vertical distance of 8 meters?
impulse and force
111. Which quantity has both a magnitude and a direction?
A.
energy
B.
impulse
C.
power
A.
18 joules
B.
C.
80 joules
D. 800 joules
118. How long would it take a machine to do 5,000 joules of work if
the power rating of the machine is 100 watts?
D. work
A.
112. How much work is required to lift a 2-kilogram mass to a height
of 10 meters?
A.
5 joules
B.
C.
100 joules
D. 200 joules
C.
A
B.
C
D. D
B
20 joules
Machine
A
B
C
D
Work
Time
1,000 joules
10 sec
2,000 joules
10 sec
1,000 joules
2,000 joules
5 sec
25 joules
B.
C.
2,500 joules
D. 5,000 joules
5 sec
decreases
C.
remains the same
B.
B.
C.
60 newtons
D. 600 newtons
A.
10 J
B.
C.
80 J
D. 100 J
10 sec
D. 0.2 sec
60 J
A.
acts vertically on a cart that can only move horizontally
B.
is exerted by one team in a tug of war when there is no
movement
C.
is exerted while pulling a wagon up a hill
A.
2.3 m
B.
5.0 m
C.
140 m
D. 1100 m
122. As the time required to do a given quantity of work decreases,
the power developed
116. What force is required to do 60 joules of work in sliding an
object a distance of 10 meters across a level oor?
6 newtons
C.
121. What is the maximum distance that a 60-watt motor may
vertically lift a 90-newton weight in 7.5 seconds?
increases
A.
50 sec
D. of gravitational attraction acts on a person standing on the
surface of the Earth
1,000 joules
115. As the length of time it takes a student to swim 100 meters
decreases, the power developed by the student
A.
B.
120. Work is being done when a force
114. A garden tractor drags a plow with a force of 500 newtons a
distance of 10 meters in 20 seconds. How much work is done?
A.
5,000 sec
119. A 20-newton block is at rest at the bottom of a frictionless
incline as shown in the diagram. How much work must be done
against gravity to move the block to the top of the incline?
113. Four machines do the amounts of work listed in the table
shown. The time they take to do the work is also listed. Which
machine develops the most power?
A.
2 joules
10 newtons
page 13
A.
decreases
C.
remains the same
B.
increases
Midterm Review
130. While operating at 120 volts, an electric toaster has a resistance
of 15 ohms. The power used by the toaster is
123. The diagram shows a 1:0 103 -newton crate to be lifted at
constant speed from the ground to a loading dock 1.5 meters
high in 5.0 seconds. What power is required to lift the crate?
A.
1:5
103 W
B.
2:0
102 W
C.
3:0
102 W
D. 7:5
103 W
A.
8.0 W
B.
120 W
C.
960 W
D. 1,800 W
131. In the accompanying diagram, 400. joules of work is done
raising a 72-newton weight a vertical distance of 5.0 meters.
124. Which term represents a vector quantity?
A.
work
B.
power
C.
force
D. distance
125. Which action would require no work to be done on an object?
A.
lifting the object from the oor to the ceiling
B.
pushing the object along a horizontal
frictional force
C.
decreasing the speed of the object until it comes to rest
oor against a
D. holding the object stationary above the ground
126. If the time required for a student to swim 500 meters is doubled,
the power developed by the student will be
A.
halved
B.
doubled
C.
quatered
D. quadrupled
How much work is done to overcome friction as the weight is
raised?
127. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
information below.
A.
A 680-newton student runs up a ight of stairs 3.5
meters high in 11.4 seconds. The student takes 8.5 seconds
to run up the same ight of stairs during a second trial.
40. J
B.
360 J
C.
400. J
D. 760 J
132. Which quantity is a measure of the rate at which work is done?
Determine the work done by the 680-newton student in climbing
the stairs. [Show all calculations, including the equation and
substitution with units.]
128. Determine the power developed by the student during the
11.4-second climb. [Show all calculations, including the equation
and substitution with units.]
129. Using one or more complete sentences, compare the power
developed by the student climbing the stairs in 11.4 seconds to
the power developed during the 8.5-second trial.
page 14
A.
energy
B.
power
C.
momentum
D. velocity
Midterm Review
133. Student A lifts a 50.-newton box from the oor to a height
of 0.40 meter in 2.0 seconds. Student B lifts a 40.-newton
box from the oor to a height of 0.50 meter in 1.0 second.
Compared to student A, student B does
A.
the same work but develops more power
B.
the same work but develops less power
C.
more work but develops less power
139. Which part of the longitudinal waveform shown represents a
rarefaction?
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
D. less work but develops more power
140. Which area of the longitudinal waveform area best represents the
wavelength of the wave shown?
134. Within a vacuum, the property common to all electromagnetic
waves is their
A.
amplitude
B.
C.
wavelength
D. velocity
A.
A and B
B.
B and C
C.
C, only
D. D
frequency
141. The frequency of a wave with a velocity of 30 meters per
second and a wavelength of 5.0 meters is
135. The diagram shown represents four waves traveling to the right
in the same transmitting medium.
A.
150 waves/sec
B.
25 waves/sec
C.
6.0 waves/sec
D. 5.0 waves/sec
142. In the wave diagram shown, one wavelength is the distance from
point A to which point?
A.
E
B.
C.
C
D. D
B
Which type of wave is represented?
A.
elliptical
B.
C.
torsional
D. transverse
143. Which type of wave is classi ed as longitudinal?
longitudinal
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
B.
radio
C.
sound
D. light
meters/second
144. Which is a unit of wavelength?
136. Which wave has the greatest frequency?
A.
water
D. D
A.
cycles per second
B.
C.
seconds
D. meters
137. Which wave has the greatest amplitude?
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
145. What is the velocity of a wave whose wavelength is 8.0 meters
and frequency is 10 cycles per second?
D. D
138. Which waves require a medium for transmission?
A.
light waves
B.
radio waves
C.
sound waves
D. cosmic waves
page 15
A.
0.80 m/sec
B.
2 m/sec
C.
18 m/sec
D. 80 m/sec
Midterm Review
153. A wave completes one vibration as it moves a distance of
2 meters at a speed of 20 meters per second. What is the
frequency of the wave?
146. If the angle of incidence of a light ray is 30 , the angle of
re ection is
A.
30
B.
45
C.
60
D. 90
A.
147. The number of waves passing a point in a unit of time is called
A.
frequency
B.
C.
amplitude
D. period
1m
B.
2m
C.
wavelength
3m
D. 0.5 m
electromagnetic
B.
C.
transverse
D. longitudinal
re ection
B.
di raction
C.
interference
torsional
A.
6:0
10
10
C.
5:0
10
3
s
s
B.
2:0
D. 1:5
10
3
102
s
106 s
152. Parallel light rays are incident on the surface of a plane mirror.
Upon re ection from the mirror, the light rays will
A.
converge
B.
C.
be parallel
D. be scattered
20 Hz
D. 40 Hz
A.
higher frequency and shorter wavelength
B.
higher frequency and longer wavelength
C.
lower frequency and shorter wavelength
A.
the Doppler e ect
B.
nodes
C.
resonance
D. interference
156. If the frequency of a periodic wave is doubled, the period of the
wave will be
D. refraction
151. What is the period of a wave with a frequency of 2:0
hertz?
C.
155. In a demonstration, a vibrating tuning fork causes a nearby
second tuning fork to begin to vibrate with the same frequency.
Which wave phenomenon is illustrated by this demonstration?
150. Two pulses are traveling along a string toward each other as
represented in the diagram shown. Which phenomenon will
occur as the pulses meet
A.
2 Hz
D. lower frequency and longer wavelength
149. If the displacement of particles in a medium is parallel to the
direction of travel of the wave, the wave is classi ed as
A.
B.
154. A source of sound waves approaches a stationary observer
through a uniform medium. Compared to the frequency and
wavelength of the emitted sound, the observer would detect
waves with a
148. A wave has a frequency of 200 vibrations per second and a
speed of 100 meters per second. The wavelength is
A.
10 Hz
diverge
page 16
A.
halved
B.
doubled
C.
quartered
D. quadrupled
Midterm Review
160. Which diagram best represents the shape and direction of a
series of wave fronts after they have passed through a small
opening in a barrier?
157. Which wave diagram has both wavelength ( ) and amplitude (A)
labeled correctly?
A.
A.
B.
B.
C.
C.
D.
158. A tuning fork vibrating in air produces sound waves. These
waves are best classi ed as
A.
transverse, because the air molecules are vibrating parallel
to the direction of wave motion
B.
transverse, because the air molecules are vibrating
perpendicular to the direction of wave motion
C.
longitudinal, because the air molecules are vibrating parallel
to the direction of wave motion
D.
D. longitudinal, because the air molecules are vibrating
perpendicular to the direction of wave motion
161. Which type of wave requires a material medium through which
to travel?
159. Which wavelength is in the infrared range of the electromagnetic
spectrum?
A.
100 nm
B.
100 mm
C.
100 m
D. 100 m
page 17
A.
radio wave
B.
microwave
C.
light wave
D. mechanical wave
Midterm Review
162. Ultrasound is a medical technique that transmits sound waves
through soft tissue in the human body. Ultrasound waves can
break kidney stones into tiny fragments, making it easier for
them to be excreted without pain. The shattering of kidney
stones with speci c frequencies of sound waves is an application
of which wave phenomenon?
A.
the Doppler e ect
B.
C.
refraction
D. resonance
167. A candle is located beyond the principal focus, F, of a concave
spherical mirror. Two light rays originating from the same
point on the candle are incident on the mirror, as shown in the
accompanying diagram.
re ection
163. A term often used to describe the frequency of a sound is
A.
amplitude
B.
volume
C.
pitch
D. tone
164. A train sounding its whistle is moving rapidly away from an
observer. The frequency the observer hears appears to
A.
decrease
B.
C.
remain the same
After re ecting from the mirror, the light rays will
increase
165. An opera singer's voice is able to break a thin crystal glass if
the singer's voice and the glass have the same natural
A.
frequency
B.
C.
amplitude
D. wavelength
A.
diverge to form a virtual image
B.
diverge to form a real image
C.
converge to form a virtual image
D. converge to form a real image
speed
168. Light rays from a candle ame are incident on a convex mirror.
After re ecting from the mirror, these light rays
166. A light ray is incident on a plane mirror as shown in the
diagram below.
A.
converge and form a virtual image
B.
converge and form a real image
C.
diverge and form a virtual image
D. diverge and form a real image
Which ray best represents the re ected ray?
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
page 18
Midterm Review
169. A straight glass rod appears to bend when placed in a beaker of
water, as shown in the diagram below.
174. Sound travels as
A.
an electromagnetic wave
B.
a transverse wave
C.
a longitudinal wave
D. a permanent wave
175. Which of the following electromagnetic radiations has the
shortest wavelength?
The water is warmer than the air.
B.
Light travels faster in water than in air.
C.
Light is re ected at the air-water interface.
ultraviolet
B.
visible
C.
infrared
D. radio
176. Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the lowest
frequency?
What is the best explanation for this phenomenon?
A.
A.
A.
violet light
B.
green light
C.
yellow light
D. red light
177. The diagram below shows a tuning fork vibrating in air. The
dots represent air molecules as the sound wave moves toward
the right.
D. Light is refracted as it crosses the air-water interface.
170. An echo heard when a person shouts in a canyon is due to the
sound waves being
A.
mixed
B.
refracted
C.
di racted
D. re ected
171. In general, compared to the speed of sound through air, the
speed of sound through liquids and solids is
A.
slower
B.
faster
C.
Which diagram best represents the direction of motion of the air
molecules?
the same
A.
B.
C.
D.
172. The tendency of sound waves to bend when they pass from one
medium to a di erent medium is known as
A.
refraction
B.
re ection
C.
resonance
D. interference
173. Sound can not be transmitted through a
A.
gas
B.
liquid
C.
solid
D. vacuum
page 19
Midterm Review
178. A tuning fork oscillates with a frequency of 256 hertz after
being struck by a rubber hammer. Which phrase best describes
the sound waves produced by this oscillating tuning fork?
A.
electromagnetic waves that require no medium for
transmission
B.
electromagnetic waves that require a medium for
transmission
C.
mechanical waves that require no medium for transmission
185. The resistance of a 60.-watt lightbulb operated at 120 volts is
approximately
A.
179. A car's horn is producing a sound wave having a constant
frequency of 350 hertz. If the car moves toward a stationary
observer at constant speed, the frequency of the car's horn
detected by this observer may be
320 Hz
B.
330 Hz
C.
350 Hz
B.
240
C.
120
D. 60.
186. What is characteristic of both sound waves and electromagnetic
waves?
D. mechanical waves that require a medium for transmission
A.
720
A.
They require a medium.
B.
They transfer energy.
C.
They are mechanical waves.
D. They are longitudinal waves.
187. Which diagram best illustrates wave refraction?
D. 380 Hz
A.
B.
C.
D.
180. Compared to the speed of a sound wave in air, the speed of a
radio wave in air is
A.
less
B.
greater
C.
the same
181. Which unit is used to measure light intensity?
A.
candlepower
B.
watt
C.
foot-candle
D. candle-meter
182. Which characteristic of electromagnetic radiation is directly
proportional to the energy of a photon?
A.
wavelength
B.
C.
frequency
D. path
188. Which wave phenomenon is represented in the diagram here?
period
greater energy
B.
C.
smaller momentum
D. lower frequency
refraction
B.
di raction
C.
re ection
D. interference
183. Compared to a photon of red light, a photon of blue light has a
A.
A.
longer wavelength
189. The image produced by a plane mirror is
184. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation can damage skin. Exposure to
visible light does not damage skin. State one possible reason for
this di erence.
A.
page 20
real
B.
inverted
C.
enlarged
D. virtual
Midterm Review
190. The diagram represents a spherical mirror with its center of
curvature at C and focal point at F. At which position must a
point source of light be placed to produce a parallel beam of
re ected light?
193. Which optical devices in air can both form real images?
A.
concave mirror and convex lens
B.
concave mirror and concave lens
C.
plane mirror and convex lens
D. plane mirror and concave lens
194. Which of the following lenses will cause the parallel light rays
to diverge?
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
real and smaller than the object
B.
real and larger than the object
C.
virtual and smaller than the object
B.
C.
D.
D. F
191. The convex spherical mirror found on the passenger side of
many cars contains the warning: \Objects are closer than they
appear." Which phrase best describes the image of an object
viewed in this mirror?
A.
A.
D. virtual and larger than the object
195. Which diagram best represents the path of parallel light rays
passing through a converging lens?
192. The diagram shows a light ray parallel to the principal axis of a
spherical convex (diverging) mirror. Point F is the virtual focal
point of the mirror and C is the center of curvature.
A.
B.
C.
D.
After the light ray is re ected, it will pass through point
A.
A
B.
C
C.
D
D. F
page 21
Midterm Review
196. Virtual images can be formed by
203. The distance between two point charges is tripled. Compared
to the original force, the new electrostatic force between the
charges is
A.
converging lenses, only
B.
diverging lenses, only
A.
decreased to one-ninth
C.
neither converging nor diverging lenses
B.
decreased to one-third
C.
increased by a factor of three
D. either converging or diverging lenses
D. increased by a factor of nine
197. A negatively charged rod is brought in contact with an
electroscope. As the rod gives up electrons, the number of
protons in the rod will
A.
decrease
B.
C.
remain the same
204. Which procedure will double the force between two point
charges?
increase
198. An electrical potential of one joule per coulomb is equal to
A.
one coulomb
B.
C.
one ohm
D. one volt
ampere
B.
volt
C.
watt
doubling the distance between the charges
B.
doubling the magnitude of one charge
C.
halving the distance between the charges
D. halving the magnitude of one charge
one ampere
205. The diagram shows the electric eld in the vicinity of two
charged conducting-spheres, A and B. What is the static electric
charge on each of the conducting spheres?
199. A unit of electrical energy is the
A.
A.
D. joule
200. Which procedure will give an electroscope a positive charge?
A.
touching the electroscope with a neutral object
B.
bringing a positively charged object near the electroscope
A.
A is negative and B is positive.
C.
touching the electroscope with a negatively charged object
B.
A is positive and B is negative.
D. touching the electroscope with a positively charged object
C.
Both A and B are positive.
D. Both A and B are negative.
201. The coulomb is a unit of
A.
resistance
B.
power
C.
charge
206. The diagram represents two charges q1 and q2 , separated by
distance d. Which change would produce the greatest increase
in the electrical force between the two charges?
D. force
202. When two neutral materials are rubbed together, there is a
transfer of electrical charge from one material to the other. The
total electrical charge for the system
A.
increases as electrons are transferred
A.
doubling charge q1 , only
B.
increases as protons are transferred
B.
doubling d, only
C.
remains constant as protons are transferred
C.
doubling d and charge q1 , only
D. remains constant as electrons are transferred
D. doubling d and charges q1 and q2
page 22
Midterm Review
207. Which diagram best represents the electric
charge?
A.
eld of a point
210. When a plastic rod is rubbed with wool, the wool acquires a
positive charge because
B.
A.
electrons are transferred from the wool to the rod
B.
protons are transferred from the wool to the rod
C.
electrons are transferred from the rod to the wool
D. protons are transferred from the rod to the wool
C.
D.
211. When a lead-acid automobile storage battery is being charged by
the car's generator, the energy conversion that is taking place is
208. A repulsive electrostatic force of magnitude F exists between two
metal spheres having identical charge q. The distance between
their centers is r. Which combination of changes would produce
no change in the electrostatic force between the spheres?
A.
doubling q on one sphere while doubling r
B.
doubling q on both spheres while doubling r
C.
doubling q on one sphere while halving r
mechanical energy to electrical energy
B.
heat energy to electrical energy
C.
electrical energy to chemical energy
D. chemical energy to electrical energy
212. Electrical insulators are used to resist the ow of
A.
D. doubling q on both spheres while halving r
B.
molecules
C.
neutrons
B.
A.
0.20 ampere
B.
C.
25 amperes
D. 30 amperes
D. electrons
5.0 amperes
214. The resistance of a wire is determined by the voltmeter-ammeter
method. If the voltmeter reads 10 volts and the ammeter reads
2.0 amperes, the resistance is
A.
C.
atoms
213. What is the current through a 25-ohm resistor connected to a
5.0-volt power supply?
209. An in ated balloon which has been rubbed against a person's
hair is touched to a neutral wall and remains attracted to it.
Which diagram best represents the charge distribution on the
balloon and wall?
A.
A.
20 ohms
B.
5.0 ohms
C.
2.5 ohms
D. 0.20 ohm
215. A lamp operates at 10 volts and draws a current of 0.5 ampere
for 60 seconds. What power is developed by the lamp?
D.
A.
page 23
5 watts
B.
30 watts
C.
300 watts
D. 600 watts
Midterm Review
216. In the diagrams of charged objects shown, which diagram
correctly represents the direction of ow of electrons when the
objects are connected by a conductor?
A.
B.
C.
D.
219. What must be inserted between points A and B to establish a
steady electric current in the incomplete circuit represented in
the diagram below?
217. An electric current in a metal consists of moving
A.
nuclei
B.
protons
C.
neutrons
D. electron
B.
C.
D.
switch
B.
voltmeter
C.
magnetic eld source
D. source of potential di erence
218. Which diagram represents resistances connected in series?
A.
A.
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