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Informational Text Analyzing Propaganda Analyzing Propaganda Propaganda is a kind of persuasion designed to keep us from thinking for ourselves. Propaganda relies on appeals to our emotions, rather than on logical arguments and reasoning. Most propaganda consists of one-sided arguments. Analyzing Propaganda When an argument doesn’t seem logical, be on the lookout for these propaganda techniques: Bandwagon appeals Stereotypes Name-calling Testimonials Snob appeal Analyzing Propaganda A bandwagon appeal urges you to do something because everybody else is doing it. Eight out of ten people in your area have already signed up for this longdistance phone service. Time is running out, so hurry! Everyone knows “Everyone is doing it” what a bargain this is. Shouldn’t you save money is not a convincing reason to jump on the too? bandwagon. Analyzing Propaganda Where does the term bandwagon come from? A bandwagon was a decorated wagon that carried the band at the front of a parade. Kids would follow the bandwagon and jump on it for a ride. Analyzing Propaganda A stereotype is a fixed idea about all members of a group. You just can’t trust politicians— they’ll do anything to get elected. As a group, politicians aren’t always popular, but not all politicians are untrustworthy. Stereotypes lead to prejudice—judging people based on their membership in a group. Analyzing Propaganda Instead of using reasons and evidence to support an argument, name-calling uses labels to arouse negative feelings toward someone. Only a liberal tree-hugger would fail to see the importance of building the new supermall. Who needs that ratinfested park, anyway? Let’s pave it over! The speaker doesn’t give any reasons. Instead, he dismisses his opponent by calling him names. Analyzing Propaganda Advertisers use snob appeal when they associate their product with wealth or glamour. The average person thinks that any old hair-care product will do. But you know better. Ultra Turbo Hair is designed for people who insist on quality—people like you. This ad appeals to people’s desire to be special, but it doesn’t give any information about the product. Analyzing Propaganda A testimonial is a personal recommendation from someone. Famous people who recommend products or candidates hope you’ll recognize and identify with them—and their choices. Hello. I’m not a politician, but I play one on TV. I’m here today to urge you to vote for Richard Richards for governor. Does this testimonial tell you anything at all about the candidate? Analyzing Propaganda Not all propaganda is bad or tries to fool you. A doctor might use emotional appeals to discourage kids from smoking. An ad campaign might try to scare you into using your seatbelt. Analyzing Propaganda 1 Identify the type of propaganda used in each of the following appeals: 1. Women with the finest fashion sense wear Stirrup Earrings. 2. Don’t be left out in the cold. Order the vest worn by ninety percent of all ski instructors—the SupraDown hooded vest. bandwagon appeal stereotyping name-calling snob appeal testimonial Analyzing Propaganda 1 Identify the type of propaganda used in each of the following appeals: 3. The people who want to build the new mall are businessmen. All businessmen are selfish and care only about making money. 4. Hi. I’m Dan Nulty, the Olympic gold medalist. I invest all my money with Dansforth Funds. I suggest you go with a winner too! bandwagon appeal stereotyping name-calling snob appeal testimonial Analyzing Propaganda 1 Identify the type of propaganda used in each of the following appeals: 5. Don’t hire Oliver. He’s a lazy whiner. 6. Senator Axman is a bleeding-heart liberal and a hypocrite. Vote for Mary Michaels. 7. Come to the protest. Almost everyone will be cutting classes tomorrow to join the march. bandwagon appeal stereotyping name-calling snob appeal testimonial Analyzing Propaganda 2 With a partner, make up one example of each type of propaganda. Then, read the example to the class, and see if they can identify the kind of propaganda you’ve used. 1. bandwagon appeal 2. stereotype 3. name-calling 4. snob appeal 5. testimonial Analyzing Propaganda 3 Advertisers try to get you to buy their products by using pictures, words, and music. Look for ads in magazines and on the radio and TV that appeal to your emotions. Try to find ads that use some of the techniques that you have discussed. Also look for “good propaganda”—ads that urge you to do something positive, such as make a donation to charity. Bring your ads to class, and discuss the propaganda techniques used. Informational Text Analyzing Propaganda The End