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Transcript
Name: Date: Organic Molecule Marshmallow Lab Problem: What elements are in organic molecules and how are the molecules different? Gathered Information: Organic molecules all contain carbon. There are four different groups of organic molecules. Each group can be identified by the elements that comprise it and the functional groups that are present within it. The four groups of organic molecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each group is made of a basic building block: Ex: Carbohydrates- monosaccharide (sugar) Lipids- Glycerol and fatty acids Proteins- Amino Acids Nucleic Acids- Nucleotides Each group also has a particular function in the body. Ex: Carbohydrates- Quick Energy Lipids- Stored Energy Proteins- Build and repair, and control chemical reactions Nucleic Acids- Blueprints for the body Hypothesis: You will need to discover which elements are in organic molecules and how each group is different. In the space below, write which elements you expect to comprise of the four groups and which functional groups you expect will be included in each group. . Procedure: 1. Work in pairs 2. Look up the structural formula on line or in your text book, get out colored pencils. 3. Using the structural formula, draw and color the structural formula for each molecule in the corresponding box provided on the lab. Name: Date: 4. Be sure each molecule looks like marshmallows and toothpicks. Use the following key: Green Marshmallows= Nitrogen Pink Marshmallows= Oxygen Yellow Marshmallows= Carbon Orange Marshmallows= Hydrogen Methane Amino Group Water Carboxyl Group Amino Acid: Serine Name: Date: Glucose Fructose Sucrose (Combine Glucose & Fructose. Be sure to remove 1 OH & 1 H) Lipid Name: Date: Marshmallow Lab 1. Is methane an organic or inorganic molecule? How do you know? 2. Is water organic or inorganic? How do you know? 3. Name the two organic macromolecules to which a Carboxyl group would be found. 4. An amino group is found in which type of organic macromolecule? 5. The amino acid Serine is a building block of which type of organic macromolecules? 6. How many different amino acids exist in life? 7. Which four elements are found in proteins? 8. What is the function of protein in our bodies? 9. To which type of macromolecule does glucose belong? 10.Is glucose a mono-, di-, or polysaccharide? 11.Is fructose a mono-, di, or polysaccharide? 12.What process is demonstrated when glucose and fructose are combined to create sucrose? 13.What molecule needed to be removed in order to form a bond between glucose and fructose? 14.Was energy stored or released during the process of combining glucose and fructose? 15.Is sucrose a mono-, di-, or polysaccharide? Name: Date: 16.What is the function of carbohydrates in our bodies? 17.What three molecules are combined to from lipids? (In other words, what are the building blocks of lipids?) 18.When the three molecules bond together to form a lipid, what process is taking place? 19.Does this process store or release energy? 20.What is the function of lipids in our bodies?