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Islam
Submission
Muslim One who
Approx
imately
LI
to
Allah which
follows the
to
is
Arabic for
rºlig ion of
billion
God
Islam
Muslims worldwide
90.10%
50S%
4o49
10I8%
04%
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Approximately 85-90%
of
Muslims are Sunnis
while
1U-15%are
Shiites
Arabs make up
20%
of
the Muslim population
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of
Majority
Muslims
live
outside
the Middle East
Largest
number
of
Muslims
in
Indonesia
Second
largest in
South Asia
Most Muslims are not Arab
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II
-.
Pre-Islamic
-social
Arabia
inequality
-polytheistic idol
worshiping
society
Muhammad
-Meccan
-Medinan
Hijra
Life
Period
Period
Emigration
Bay
Loyalty pledge
Ansar
Supporters
Muhammad
receiving
revelation
on
Mt
Hira
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Osama
So
Bin
Laden Summer 2000
today Afghanistan
country
in
upon Muslims
all
to
land
that
smash
we
all
it
And
because
will
is
compulsory
over the world
help Afghanistan
land
only
the world that has the
Shariah Therefore
to this
the
is
to
it
is
dispatch
kuffar
all
make
from
to
hijra
this
our armies
over the
world.1
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Muslims believe the Quran
infallible
word
of
and
literally
is
the
God
Compilation of 114 chapters
Major Themes
-Arabs
pa
of
Abrahamic
Story
-Five
Pillars
Monotheism
prayer fasting pilgrimage
almsgiving
-Laws Marriage
inheritance trade crime
punishment
-Jihad
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Muhammads
preserved
in
example
stories
hadith
Collections
began
in
the
9th
century
Hadith are second major
source of Islamic law
Sharia 140U
yrs
of
InterpretationQuran
Hadith
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Muhammads
death
in
632
successor
Choosing
First4 Caliphs
Abu Bakr 632-634
Umar
lbn
al-Khatab 634-
644
Uth
Au
Shia
man
bin
Ibn Affan
644-656
Abi lalib 656-661
protest
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Origins
is
political
dispute over
who
should lead the Muslim community after
the death of the Prophet
Who has
the legitimate
-should rule
-is
go
the position
to
Muhammad
authority to
rule
any Muslim
of caliph
elected or
appointed
-should
it
go only
to
Prophets family
and blood descendants
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Caliphate
political
Initially
and
combines
religious
authority but over time
is
religious authority
delegated to Sunni clerics
Sunnis
Religious
held by people with
knowledge
of
authority
most
Quran and
Sunna
Shia
Religious authority
held by the
clerical
void
left
ulema
class that
following
the
filled
the
the
12th
lmam
Sufis
Religious authority
tetWali
-1
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Islam formed
Np
distinction
Early debates
in
harsh stateless environment
initially
between
religion
about religious and
The Islamic empire spreads
and
political
via military
politics
leadership
conquest while
Islam spreads gradually
Sharia
1400
yrs
of Interpretation
Quran
Hadith
12
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