Download Large Intestine

A Trip through the Digestive System!!
Ruminant:
Once food enters the mouth, it moves through the following process:
1. Mouth - secrete saliva, which contains an enzyme that breaks down starch. Food is
moistened to aid in chewing.
2. Esophagus – long tube that serves as the food delivery mechanism to the stomach. It
allows us to breathe while chewing by spacing out the food matter.
3. Rumen - where fermentation occurs, which allows for the digestion of fiber and
other feeds. This is the largest compartment of the stomach and can hold up to 50
gallons of digested feed.
4. Reticulum - has a honeycomb structure to its wall. The main function of this
compartment is to trap large feed particles and hold until they are regurgitated and
chewed again.
5. Omasum - The many folds serve to squeeze out the water from the feed and act as a
filter.
6. Abomasum - has a low pH and enzymes to digest the proteins in the feed (most like
a human stomach)
7. Small intestine- Specifically, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are broken into smaller
units here and absorbed into the blood stream.
8. Large intestine – reabsorbs water and some minerals into the blood.
9. Rectum – Carries feces to anus.
Monogastric:
Once food enters the mouth, it moves through the following process:
1. Mouth - secrete saliva, which contains an enzyme that breaks down starch. Food is
moistened to aid in chewing.
2. Esophagus – long tube that serves as the food delivery mechanism to the stomach. It
allows us to breathe while chewing by spacing out the food matter.
3. Stomach - contains strong acids, enzymes and fluids that mix, toss and grind foods. The
pepsin enzyme breaks down bonds found in proteins. Begins Digestion
4. Small intestine Specifically, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are broken into smaller
units here and absorbed into the blood stream.
6. Large intestine – reabsorbs water and some minerals into the blood.
- Cecum – contains microorganisms; function varies by specie
- Colon – absorbs water and absorbs feces
7. Rectum – Carries feces to anus.
8. Anus – passes solid wastes out of the body
Helpful organs:
-Pancreas – secretes pancreatic juice and a bicarbonate that neutralizes stomach acid that
makes its way into the small intestine..
-Gallbladder – stores bile.
-Liver - makes bile and digests lipids.
A Trip through the Digestive System!!
Ruminant:
Once food enters the mouth, it moves through the following process:
10. Mouth - secrete saliva, which contains an enzyme that breaks down starch. Food is
moistened to aid in chewing.
11.Esophagus – long tube that serves as the food delivery mechanism to the stomach. It
allows us to breathe while chewing by spacing out the food matter.
12. Rumen - where fermentation occurs, which allows for the digestion of fiber and
other feeds. This is the largest compartment of the stomach and can hold up to 50
gallons of digested feed.
13. Reticulum - has a honeycomb structure to its wall. The main function of this
compartment is to trap large feed particles and hold until they are regurgitated and
chewed again.
14. Omasum - The many folds serve to squeeze out the water from the feed and act as a
filter.
15. Abomasum - has a low pH and enzymes to digest the proteins in the feed (most like
a human stomach)
16. Small intestine- Specifically, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are broken into smaller
units here and absorbed into the blood stream.
17. Large intestine – reabsorbs water and some minerals into the blood.
18. Rectum – Carries feces to anus.
Monogastric:
Once food enters the mouth, it moves through the following process:
5. Mouth - secrete saliva, which contains an enzyme that breaks down starch. Food is
moistened to aid in chewing.
6. Esophagus – long tube that serves as the food delivery mechanism to the stomach. It
allows us to breathe while chewing by spacing out the food matter.
7. Stomach - contains strong acids, enzymes and fluids that mix, toss and grind foods. The
pepsin enzyme breaks down bonds found in proteins. Begins Digestion
8. Small intestine Specifically, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are broken into smaller
units here and absorbed into the blood stream.
6. Large intestine – reabsorbs water and some minerals into the blood.
- Cecum – contains microorganisms; function varies by specie
- Colon – absorbs water and absorbs feces
7. Rectum – Carries feces to anus.
8. Anus – passes solid wastes out of the body
Helpful organs:
-Pancreas – secretes pancreatic juice and a bicarbonate that neutralizes stomach acid that
makes its way into the small intestine..
-Gallbladder – stores bile.
-Liver - makes bile and digests lipids.
Fowl:
1. Beak – Break food for swallowing
2. Esophagus – carries food to the crop
3. Crop – Stores and moistens food
4. Proventriculus (glandular stomach) – stores food, begins digestion
5. Ventriculus (gizzard) – Mechanically mixes and grinds food
6. Small Intestine – continues digestion; absorbs nutrients
7. Large Intestine – Absorbs water
8. Ceca (plural for cecum) – point where small and large intestines meet; little role in
digestion
9. Cloaca – urinary and fecal matter mixed; junction of digestive and reproductive systems
10.Vent – Allows all waste to pass
Your assignment:
• Create a brochure or small booklet that will serve as a “travel guide” of the
gastrointestinal tract.
• Your guide should include the following components:
o A colorful and inviting cover page.
o A hand-drawn picture of all 4 “locations” in the digestive tract.
o A physical description of each location.
o A creative explanation of interesting features, tour options, restaurants, etc., that
can be visited at each stop.
The emphasis on this assignment will be placed on creativity. The goal is that you understand
each part of the digestive tract well enough to create analogies between it and a real-life
location that is known for tourism.
Fowl:
11.Beak – Break food for swallowing
12.Esophagus – carries food to the crop
13.Crop – Stores and moistens food
14.Proventriculus (glandular stomach) – stores food, begins digestion
15.Ventriculus (gizzard) – Mechanically mixes and grinds food
16.Small Intestine – continues digestion; absorbs nutrients
17.Large Intestine – Absorbs water
18.Ceca (plural for cecum) – point where small and large intestines meet; little role in
digestion
19.Cloaca – urinary and fecal matter mixed; junction of digestive and reproductive systems
20.Vent – Allows all waste to pass
Your assignment:
• Create a brochure or small booklet that will serve as a “travel guide” of the
gastrointestinal tract.
• Your guide should include the following components:
o A colorful and inviting cover page.
o A hand-drawn picture of all 4 “locations” in the digestive tract.
o A physical description of each location.
o A creative explanation of interesting features, tour options, restaurants, etc., that
can be visited at each stop.
The emphasis on this assignment will be placed on creativity. The goal is that you understand
each part of the digestive tract well enough to create analogies between it and a real-life
location that is known for tourism.