Download Ch. 4 Cycles in Ecosystems

Ch. 4 Cycles in Ecosystems
Lesson 1
By: Naeema, Imani, Trey, Mahri,
Romello
Water Cycle
1. First, a body of water goes through evaporation.
2. Next, water droplets gather with water dust
particles and form clouds through condensation.
3. Then, water falls from the atmosphere as
precipitation.
4. Finally, water will flow into river then into oceans.
After this step, the water cycle will start over. Some
water will settle underground and become
groundwater.
What is the Water Cycle?
• Water cycle= the continuous movement of
water between Earth’s surface and the air,
changing from liquid into gas into liquid again
• Evaporation= the changing of a liquid into gas
• Condensation= the changing of gas into a liquid
• Precipitation=any form of water that falls from
the atmosphere and reaches the ground
• Watershed= the area from which water is
drained
• Runoff= the precipitation that flows across
land’s surface and does not absorb will then
flow into rivers then into the ocean
• Groundwater= water that settled
underground.
Groundwater is stored in holes and pores in the
soil. It is also stored in rocks. Plants and animals
play a role in the water cycle.
Nitrogen Cycle?
1. First, nitrogen is changed into a form that organisms can
use.
2. Next, the nitrogen is fixed by lightning, volcanic activity, or
by certain bacteria.
3. Then, nitrogen-fixing bacteria turns nitrogen gas into
ammonia.
4. After that ,ammonia is changed into a form of nitrogen
that can be used for plants called nitrite
5. After, plants grow they absorb a second type of soil called
nitrate.
6. Now, animals take in nitrogen when they eat plant or
herbivores.
7. Soon after,animals use the nitrogen to form compounds
excrete to make waste.
What is the nitrogen cycle?
• Nitrogen is another key element for all organisms.
• The protein that make up muscles, skin, nerves, bones,
blood and enzymes in your body contain nitrogen
• Ammonia= a nitrogen containing substance
• Nitrite=the first type of soil bacteria to turn ammonia
into a nitrogen containing substance
• Nitrate= another substance that contains nitrogen
• Denitrification= the process of changes nitrates goes
through by changing back into gas in the soil
8. Finally, nitrogen gas and nitrate returns back
to the atmosphere through the process of
denitrification.
How is Matter Recycled?
• Renewable resources=the resources that can be reused
• Nonrenewable resources=the resources that cannot be
replaced
We can conserve natural resources by recycling them.
• Compost=a mixture of dead organic material that can
be used as fertilizer
Composting is a way to recycle. One product of the
decomposition is an nitrogen-containing substance
ammonia. Compost replenishes the nitrogen used by
plants as they grow.
What is carbon cycle?
• Carbon is important element in every living thing
• Carbon in the atmosphere is plentiful as carbon
dioxide gas
• Carbon cycle=the continuous exchange of carbon
among living things
• during cellular respiration both animals plants
burn carbon rich foods
• Over a long period of time and under extreme
pressure from the layers of earth above, it may
be turned into a fossil fuel
Carbon Cycle
1. Plants and other photosynthic organisms take in carbon
dioxide from the air
2. They combine it with water to make sugars and other
chemicals enter
3. Carbon rich chemicals are then eaten directly by
herbivores and indirectly by carnivores
4. The end product of cellular respiration- carbon dioxide –
then returns to the atmosphere
5.Decomposers break down dead or decaying plants and
animals
6.This break down releases some additional carbon dioxide
into the earth
7. The carbon and fossil fuel is released into the atmosphere