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Invasive Species Get Started The Threat of Invasive Species Watch the video & answer these questions: What is an invasive species? List examples What problems do these invasive species cause? Activity 4: Invasive Species Introduction Read the introduction and discuss the following as a class: What is the difference between nonnative species & invasive species? What determines if a species is considered an invasive species? What are some examples of the effect an invasive species might have on a community? Activity 4: Invasive Species Introduction A nonnative species is a species introduced to an area where it is not normally found. A habitat is the specific location where an organism lives within an ecosystem. Activity 4: Invasive Species Introduction An invasive species is a nonnative species that causes harm to the economy, the environment, or human health. Activity 4: Invasive Species Within an ecosystem, the population of a native species may decline when a non-native species begins to take over the same role in a habitat. Kudzu is known to uproot native trees and shrubs, and also essentially smother them by covering them up and preventing access to resources such as sunlight and carbon dioxide (Bergman & Swearingen, 2005) KUDZU VIDEO Activity 4: Invasive Species Challenge How do certain characteristics increase the likelihood that a nonnative species becomes an invasive species? Another way to think of this question is: What features of a species make it more likely to become an invasive species? Activity 4: Invasive Species Procedure Part A Form groups of 3-4. Each person should chose one case study to read. Share information about your case study with your group make a list of similarities you note in all the case studies Begin creating a list of traits your group thinks increase the potential for a non native species to become invasive Activity 4: Invasive Species Revisit the Challenge What conditions and characteristics would increase the likelihood that a nonnative species would become an invasive species? Be sure to think about the following: ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Characteristics of the organism Environmental conditions Other native organisms being affected Effects on the economy or health of the local human community Activity 4: Invasive Species Revisit the Challenge TRAITS THAT INCREASE LIKELIHOOD OF NON-NATIVE SPECIES BECOMING INVASIVE Rapid reproduction Ample nourishment (plentiful food supply; or organism can feed on variety of food) Traits well suited for environment Adequate defense against potential predators or absence of predators Activity 4: Invasive Species Procedure Part B In this section you will read about the benefits and risks of the possible introduction of a nonnative species to try to replenish a fishery. The balance between these benefits and risks is known as a trade-off. Activity 4: Invasive Species PAPER OR PLASTIC? Why choose PLASTIC? Conserve water & energy usage…reduce CO2 emissions…all result of making paper…also to reduce the amount of solid paper waste Why choose PAPER? Avoid generating plastic waste or using up petroleum resources Activity 4: Invasive Species Procedure TRADE OFF… an exchange of one thing in return for another, giving up something that is a benefit or an advantage, in exchange for something that ay be more desirable Activity 4: Invasive Species Challenge Should nonnative oysters be introduced into the Chesapeake Bay in order to sustain the oyster fishing industry? Read the summary report Use the “read…think…take note” procedure Activity 4: Invasive Species Discuss your notes with your group Create a “discussion web” to analyze this question Consider two opposing viewpoints: FISHERMEN: make their living off the oysters in the bay CONSERVATIONISTS; want to protect the bay…keep it at its original state Activity 4: Invasive Species Chesapeake Bay Discussion Web In the center box, write the question being considered: Should nonnative oysters be introduced? In the box at the top of each column write one of the viewpoints being presented. Record the evidence supporting each viewpoint in the appropriate column. Activity 4: Invasive Species Follow Up What other questions need to be answered in order to fully justify one side or the other? What is the likelihood of the nonnative species bringing disease into the ecosystem? How likely could the oysters spread outside the bay? Would the nonnative oysters crowd out the native species? Activity 4: Invasive Species Analysis Describe some characteristics that increase the likelihood of nonnative species becoming invasive Discuss the trade-off in introducing a predator into an ecosystem to prevent a specific species that has become a “pest” from spreading Take either the side of the fishermen or the conservationists and make a recommendation for or against the introduction of the nonnative oysters into Chesapeake Bay. Include at least two tradeoffs associated with your recommendation. Activity 4: Invasive Species Key Vocabulary ecosystem evidence habitat invasive species nonnative species trade-off Activity 4: Invasive Species