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Lesson 4 Ears and Hearing Protection Your ears and brain work together. They allow you to hear and interpret sounds and form a response, such as turning your head when you hear a friend calling your name. Lesson 4 Lesson Objectives In this lesson, you’ll learn to: Identify the parts of the ear. Examine the effects of health behaviors on the ears and hearing. Describe some problems of the ear. Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear Three Main Sections of the Ear Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear The Outer Ear The outer ear begins with the visible part of the ear, the auricle. The auricle helps channel sound waves into the external auditory canal. The eardrum acts as a barrier between the outer and middle ear. Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear The Middle Ear Directly behind the eardrum are the auditory ossicles. The middle ear is connected to the throat by the eustachian tube. The eustachian tube allows pressure to be equalized on either side of the eardrum when you swallow or yawn. Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear The Inner Ear The labyrinth consists of a network of curved and spiral passages with three main parts. The cochlea is the area of hearing in the inner ear. The vestibule and semicircular canals are where balance is controlled. Lesson 4 Hearing and Balance How You Hear When receptors in your inner ear are stimulated by a sound wave, a nerve impulse is sent to your brain. Your brain interprets the impulse as a sound. Sound waves enter the external auditory canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. The vibrations cause fluid in the cochlea to move, which stimulates receptor cells to send a nerve impulse to the brain where sounds are interpreted. Lesson 4 Hearing and Balance Maintaining Balance Receptor cells in the vestibule and the semicircular canals send messages to the brain about your sense of balance. Tiny hairs located in the ear sense movement and send nerve impulses to the brain. The brain then signals muscles to make adjustments to maintain balance. Lesson 4 Hearing and Balance Ear Structure and Function Click image to view movie. Lesson 4 Health Behaviors for Healthy Ears Tips for Healthy Ears Clean ears regularly and always protect the outer ear from injury and extreme cold. Wear protective gear such as helmets and hats. Keep foreign objects out of the ear. Have your ears examined and your hearing tested to detect any problems. Lesson 4 Problems of the Ear Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Loss Sensorineural Hearing Loss Sound waves are not passed from the outer to the inner ear, usually because of a blockage or injury to the inner ear. Persistent buildup of fluid within the middle ear, often caused by infection, is most common in children. Lesson 4 Quick Review Choose the appropriate option. Q. The inner ear is also known as the _________. 1. labyrinth 2. external auditory canal 3. auricle 4. eardrum Lesson 4 Quick Review - Answer A. The inner ear is also known as the labyrinth. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 4 Quick Review Provide a short answer to the question given below. Q. Identify the three main parts of the ear and the structures that can be found in each part. Click Next to view the answer. Lesson 4 Quick Review - Answer A. The three main parts of the ear are as follows: 1. Outer ear: It contains the auricle, external auditory canal, and eardrum. 2. Middle ear: It contains the auditory ossicles and the oval window. 3. Inner ear: It contains the cochlea, vestibule, and the semicircular canals. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 4 Quick Review Provide a short answer to the question given below. Q. Define the term tinnitus. Click Next to view the answer. Lesson 4 Quick Review - Answer A. Tinnitus is a condition in which a ringing, buzzing, whistling, roaring, hissing, or other sound is heard in the ear in the absence of external sound. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 4 Quick Review Analyze the following question. What activities might cause the inner ear to send mixed messages to the brain and result in dizziness and nausea? Lesson 4 Quick Review - Answer A. Correct! The inner ear is also known as the labyrinth. Click Next to attempt another question. Lesson 4 Quick Review - Answer You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer. Lesson 4 Problems of the Ear Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Loss Sensorineural Hearing Loss Sensorineural hearing loss results from damage to the cochlea, the auditory nerve, or the brain. Tinnitus can occur as a result of natural aging, health conditions, or overexposure to loud noise. Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear The Outer Ear The outer ear begins with the visible part of the ear, the auricle. The external The auricle helps channel auditory canal is a sound waves into the passageway about one external auditory canal. inch long that leads to the remaining portion The eardrum acts as a barrier between the outer of the outer ear, the eardrum. and middle ear. Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear The Middle Ear Directly behind the eardrum are the auditory ossicles. The middle ear is connected to the throat by the The auditory eustachian tube. ossicles are three small bones linked The eustachian together that tube allows pressure be eardrum equalized on connecttothe either side of the to the inner ear.eardrum when you swallow or yawn. Lesson 4 Parts of the Ear The Inner Ear The labyrinth consists of a network of curved and spiral passages with three main parts. The labyrinth is the The cochlea is the inner ear.area of hearing in the inner ear. The vestibule and semicircular canals are where balance is controlled. Lesson 4 Problems of the Ear Hearing Loss Conductive Hearing Tinnitus is a Loss condition in which a ringing, buzzing, whistling, roaring, hissing, or other sound is heard in the ear in the Sensorineural absence Hearing Loss of external sound. Sensorineural hearing loss results from damage to the cochlea, the auditory nerve, or the brain. Tinnitus can occur as a result of natural aging, health conditions, or overexposure to loud noise.