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Transcript
Ancient World Civ Name: 7.29 Analyze the causes, course, and consequences of the Persian Wars, including the origins of marathons Questions/Main Ideas: Causes Expanding Persian Empire Or Essential Question: Xerxes the Great controlled _Asia Minor_ and sacked Greek Colonies in _Aegean_ Historical Argument:; Was it expansion or revenge? Revenge A threat to Greek independence. Herodotus First _historian_, researched the history of _Persian_Wars Democracy Decides Athenians vote to go to war against Athens. Background Most city-states _fought each other -_Persians_ were a _common_ threat and enemy prompting them to work together Greeks raised an Army of 10,000 Hoplites, citizens that could afford sword and heavy armor. Hoplites Battle of Marathon Persians led ______________ soldiers against Athens 10,000 at _Marathon (North of Athens) -Athens organized in _phalanx_(tightly packed soldiers with long spears) and withstood_ the invasion, but Athens was left _undefended_ Marathon to Athens Pheidippides Second Invasion 26 miles. Pheidippides ran to Athens_ to tell of the _victory_ and have the Athenians _defend the city. 140 miles in two days to Sparta to ask for help. _Xerxes_ (Darius successor) was determined to take _Athens_. -established and enormous_army_ of various Perians, ________, Ethiopians, and ________. -Greek city states were not unified_ Greeks killed 6,000 Persians in one day. Spartans led by famed king Leonidas Thermopylae The Famous Last Stand! _________ Greeks including _300_ Spartans held off the massive army through a _mountain_ pass. Eventually they _sacrifice_ their lives to save Greece and to _protect_ Athens War at Sea 310 Greek _ships_ defeat a massive Persian Navy at _Salamis_ -The Greeks outmaneuver and destroy___ the great Persian fleet Consequences Athens was _destroyed_ but claimed glorious __victory_. -The __Delian_ League was formed, as an _alliance_ of Greek City states to protect themselves _against_ the Persians. Athenian empire -140 city states joined and were forced to pay Athens__tribute_. This led to a period of wealth and _prosperity_ for Athens which inspired their _golden_ age. Summary: