Download Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E

From: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E Lipidation and
Amyloid PeptidesRandomized Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(8):972-980. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.396
Figure Legend:
Baseline Analysis of Lipid-Depleted β-Amyloid (LD Aβ) Peptide by Cognitive Diagnosis and ε4 Allele (E4) StatusGraphs depict mean
(SEM) log-transformed (Nat Log) values adjusted for total Aβ level. A, Adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) had higher LD
Aβ42 levels than adults with normal cognition (P = .05). B, Adults with MCI had higher LD Aβ40 levels than adults with normal
cognition (P = .01). C, Adults with positive E4 status (E4+) and MCI had higher LD peptide levels than adults with normal cognition
and negative E4 status (E4−)42 (P = .03). D, Adults
with E4+
status
and MCI
had higher LD Aβ40 levels compared with E4− adults
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© 2013
American
Medical
Date
of download:
6/11/2017
with normal
cognition
(P = .01), E4+ adults with normal
cognition
(P = .01),
and
Association. All rights reserved.E4− adults with MCI (P = .06).
From: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E Lipidation and
Amyloid PeptidesRandomized Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(8):972-980. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.396
Figure Legend:
Baseline Analysis of Lipid-Depleted Apolipoprotein E (LD ApoE) by GenotypeGraphs depict mean (SEM) values adjusted for total
ApoE level. A, Stratification by ε4 allele status (positive [E4+] or negative [E4−]) shows levels of LD ApoE were significantly higher
for E4+ adults (P < .001). B, Stratification by 3 genotype levels shows that individuals in the E2 group had lower levels of LD ApoE
than the E3 or E4 group (P = .2), whereas individuals in the E4 group had higher levels than the E3 or E2 group (P < .001).
Date of download: 6/11/2017
Copyright © 2013 American Medical
Association. All rights reserved.
From: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E Lipidation and
Amyloid PeptidesRandomized Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(8):972-980. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.396
Figure Legend:
Scatterplot of Lipid-Depleted β-Amyloid (LD Aβ40) Peptide Levels Log Transformed and Adjusted for Total Aβ40 Level, Compared
With LD Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) Adjusted for Total ApoE LevelBaseline levels of LD Aβ40 directly correlated with baseline levels of
LD ApoE (Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, 0.34 [P = .04]).
Date of download: 6/11/2017
Copyright © 2013 American Medical
Association. All rights reserved.
From: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E Lipidation and
Amyloid PeptidesRandomized Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(8):972-980. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.396
Figure Legend:
Diet-Induced Changes (Δ) of β-Amyloid (Aβ) Peptides Log Transformed (Nat Log) and Controlled for Change in Total Aβ LevelsA,
The diet with a low level of saturated fat and with a low glycemic index (Low diet) decreased lipid-depleted (LD) Aβ42 levels,
whereas the diet with a high level of saturated fat and a high glycemic index (High diet) increased Aβ42 levels (P = .01). B, The Low
diet decreased LD Aβ40 levels, whereas the High diet increased LD Aβ40 levels (P = .15).
Date of download: 6/11/2017
Copyright © 2013 American Medical
Association. All rights reserved.
From: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E Lipidation and
Amyloid PeptidesRandomized Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(8):972-980. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.396
Figure Legend:
Change in Log-Transformed (LogΔ) Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Levels of Lipid-Depleted β-Amyloid (LD Aβ42 and Aβ40)
PeptidesScatterplots of the change in log-transformed (LogΔ) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of lipid-depleted β-amyloid (LD Aβ42
and Aβ40) peptides adjusted for change in total peptide levels and compared with LogΔ CSF insulin levels for individuals receiving a
diet with a low level of saturated fat and a low glycemic index (Low diet). A, Change in CSF insulin levels inversely correlated with
the change in LD Aβ42 levels (P = .01). B, Change
in CSF©insulin
levels inversely
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2013 American
Medical correlated with the change in LD Aβ40 levels
Date
of download:
6/11/2017
(P = .002).
MCI indicates
mild cognitive impairment.
Association. All rights reserved.
From: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Diet on Apolipoprotein E Lipidation and
Amyloid PeptidesRandomized Clinical Trial
JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(8):972-980. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.396
Figure Legend:
Theoretical Model of β-Amyloid (Aβ) Peptide and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) Interaction in the Central Nervous System (CNS)In the
top panel, when ApoE is more lipidated, such as with an ε2 allele (E2+) or a healthy diet, it may be more able to bind Aβ and
facilitate its clearance and degradation. When ApoE is less lipidated, such as with the E4+ state or a diet with a high level of
saturated fat and a high glycemic index (High diet), it may be less able to bind Aβ. In the bottom panel, when Aβ binds to carrier
proteins, such as ApoE, it is more likely to be cleared
by enzymatic
degradation
Copyright
© 2013 American
Medicalor by crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
Date
of download:
However,
when Aβ6/11/2017
is not bound to proteins, it can Association.
form oligomers
that
are
toxic to synapses and neurons. High diets may decrease
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Aβ-lipoprotein binding, which will increase the toxic forms of Aβ. Conversely, diets with low levels of saturated fat and glycemic index