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ु पौर्णिमा
गरू
ु -शिष्य
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”GURU
IS SHIV WITH TWO EYES, VISHNU WITH
TWO HANDS AND BRAHMA WITH ONE HEAD”
FROM
MANTRAS WITH TWO LETTERS
THE BEST MANTRA IS GURU,THERE
IS NO DOUBT IT IS THE EXTRACT OF
SMRITI,
VEDAS
AND
PURANAS”.
GURU POURNIMA
 The full moon day in the Hindu month of Ashad
(July-August) is observed as the auspicious day of
Guru Purnima.
 A day sacred to the memory of the
great sage Vyasa. All Hindus are
indebted to this ancient saint who
edited the four Vedas, wrote the 18
Puranas, the Mahabharata and the
Srimad Bhagavata. Vyasa even
taught Dattatreya, who is regarded
as the Guru of Gurus.
MAHARSHI VED VYASA
1500 BC
Compiled the Vedas into four heads:
Rig, Yajur, Saam, and Atharv.
Other woks of Ved Vyas were
Brahma-sootras – Background of Vedas
Eighteen Puranas – Stories of great heroes
Mahabharat – Greatest epic of all times
Bhagavad Gita – Essence of Upanishads
Bhagavatam – Devotional story of Lord
Krishna
गरू
ु
 GURU
as per Dwayopanishad
Guru = Gu + Ru
The letter ‘ gu ’ stands for darkness
& ‘ ru’ stands for that which removes
darkness.
Guru’ implies one who removes darkness of
ignorance.
 SHISHYA
Sradha
Opens the channel for accepting knowledge
from the Guru. Undivided attention,
commitment and discipline.
Bhakti
Devotion to teacher
Jijnasa
Desire to learn
Background of Guru Sishya parampara
 Beginning of oral traditions of Upanishads (c.2000 BCE)
 Upanishads – “upa ” near” “ni ” down and “sad” to sit.
”
So it means sitting down near a spiritual teacher to
receive instruction.
 Foundation again by Shankaracharya in 9th century
through parampara.
SANKARA
 Advaitha philosophy
 7th century AD
 traveled
all over India
having public debates
with other
philosophers
 true happiness can be
attained by removing
avidya(ignorance) and
maya (self deception)
RAMANUJA
 10th
Century AD
 Vishistadvaitha
 wanted everybody
irrespective of social
standing to enjoy the
eternal bliss of Lord
Narayana
 Bhakti - complete
surrender to the Lord
MADHVA
 Dwaitha philosophy
 12th Century AD
 the
world is not an
illusion.
 solitary study of the
scriptures,
performing one's
duty without selfinterest, practical
acts of devotion
GURU STUDENT RELATIONSHIP
Great Gurus and Their Great Disciples
Samartha Ramdas
- Chhatrapati Shivaji
Chanakya
- Chandragupta
Swami Vidyaranya - Hukka-Bukka
Vishwamitra
- Rama-Laxman
Krishna
- Arjuna
Dhronacharya
- Arjuna
Yama
- Nachiketa
Ramakrishna
- Vivekananda
Nivrutinath
- Dnyaneshwar
Story From Mahabharat
There is another very inspiring
story from the Mahabharat. When
Ekalavya’s guru, Shri Dronacharya
asked for his right thumb in Guru
Dakshina,
the
great
archer,
Ekalavya, cut off his thumb without
any hesitation and gave it to his
guru. Even though he knew that he
wouldn’t remain a great archer
afterwards, he had no hesitation
before giving up his thumb
Dhoumya and Aruni
There is a beautiful story of Aruni of Panchala
and his guru Dhoumya in Mahabharat. To fulfill the
wishes of his guru, Aruni slept all night in the freezing
cold water so that he could stop the water from running
out of the farm. When Sage Dhoumya found Aruni next
morning sleeping in the breached embankment of the
farm, Aruni was muttering, “The water is flowing out,
the crops will die.” Such was the devotion of Aruni for
his guru. Sage Dhoumya embraced Aruni with tears of love flowing out of
his
eyes. Such was the love of the guru to his students.
CONTEMPORARY HINDU LEADERS IN
AMERICA





David Frawley
Satguru Sivaya
Subramuniyaswami
Mahesh Yogi
Satchidananda
Mata
Amritanandamayi
VIVEKANANDA
First Hindu leader to
visit America
 Famous address at the
World Parliament of
Religions in Chicago on
September 11,1893
 Spent three years
preaching the Vedanta
philosophy in America
and England
 Founded the
Ramakrishna Mission

CONTRIBUTION OF GURU SHISHYA
PARAMPARA
 The
law of gravitation discovered by
Brahmagupta 598 A.D. anticipated after
1400 years by Newton declaring "all things
fall to the earth by law of nature; for it is the
nature of the earth to attract and keep
things."
 Pingala (3rd C AD), author of Chandasutra
explored the relationship between
combinatorics and musical theory
anticipating Mersenne (1588-1648) author
of a classic on musical theory
SOME FACTS
 The
'Pythagoras theorem' which stated in
Sulva Sutras by Baudhayana's (6th
century BC): "The diagonal of a rectangle
produces both areas, which its length and
breadth produce separately."
 Arya Bhatta discovered the method of
finding out the areas of a triangle, a
trapezium and a circle. The approximate
value of an 'irrational number' i.e. 2
(dvikarani) (1.143256) and 3 (1.7320513)
can be obtained, Baudhayana and
Apastamba.
SOME FACTS
 In
the geometry of the circle, "Arybhatta- I" gave
a value for pi (tyajya) which is correct to the four
decimal places in a sloka
(Sankara Varman's treatise on astronomy,
Sadratnamala) theorems and their
deductions:"Lemma of Brahmagupta for integral
solution or the indeterminate equation of second
degree. John Pell (1611-1685) discovered this in
the 17th century. Indians discovered it a 1,000
years earlier
SOME FACTS

Zero, the most modest and most valuable
of all numerals is one of the subtle gifts of
India to mankind. The earliest use of the
zero symbol, so far discovered, is in one of
the scriptural books dated about 200 B.C.
The zero, called shunya or nothing, was
originally a dot and later it became a small
circle. It was considered as a number like
any other. Professor G. B. Halsted, in his
book ' Mathematics for the Million' (London
1942) thus emphasizes the vital significance
of this invention.
INDIA’S DECIMAL SYSTEM

The decimal system was known to Aryabhatta and
Brahmagupta long before its appearance in the
writings of the Arabs and the Syrians; it was
adopted by China from Buddhist missionaries; and
Muhammad Ibn Musa al-Khwarazni, the greatest
mathematician of his age (ca 850 A.D.), seems to
have introduced it into Baghdad
INDIA’S DECIMAL SYSTEM
 India’s
system of Decimal
counting goes back to the
days of Ramayana (around
5000 BC) and
Mahabharata (3067 BC)
 In Ramayana, the Rama’s
army was described by
Ravana’s missionary as
having 18x1018 ( 18
Padams, 1012 millions )
BRAHMAGUPTA’S RULES

A debt minus zero is a debt.
A fortune minus zero is a fortune.
Zero (shunya) minus zero is nothing. (kha).
A debt subtracted from zero is a fortune.
So a fortune subtracted from zero is a debt.
The product of zero multiplied by a debt or
fortune is zero.
The product of zero multiplied by itself is
nothing.
The product or the quotient of two fortunes is one
fortune.
The product or the quotient of two debts is one
debt.
The product or the quotient of a debt multiplied
by a fortune is a debt.
The product or the quotient of a fortune
multiplied by a debt is a debt.
METALLURGY



Iron Pillar at Delhi - The Rust less Wonder and a
Unique Scientific Phenomenon from Ancient India, The
pillar is said to be over 2000 years old
As early as the second century B.C. Nagarjuna devoted
an entire volume to mercury
The Konasamudram region in Andhra Pradesh was
famous for producing the world renowned Wootz steel the raw material for King Saladin's fabled Damascus
Sword. The tempering of steel was brought in ancient
India to a perfection unknown in Europe till our own
times. King Porus is said to have selected, as special
valuable gift for Alexander, not gold or silver, but thirty
pounds of steel.
PHYSICS
 Kanaada,
600 B. C the founder of the
Vaisesika system of philosophy, expounded
that the entire matter in this world consists
of atoms as many in kind as the various
elements. He also claimed that elements
could not be destroyed
 Artharveda says that there are seven types
of sun's rays, sapta surayasya rasmayah,
signifying seven colors of light
 Umasvati, first century A.D. suggested that
atoms of opposite qualities alone combined
and the atoms attracted or repelled as they
were heterogeneous or homogenous
SHIPBUILDING AND NAVIGATION
 The
art of Navigation
was born in the river
Sindh 6000 years ago
 There is
overwhelming
evidence that Indian
civilization traded
with the Egyptians
using ships.
 Rig Veda makes
several references to
ships used to cross
the "Samudra."

SHIPBUILDING AND NAVIGATION
 History
records that Indian ships traded
with countries as far as Java and
Sumatra, they were also trading with
other countries in the Pacific and Indian
Oceans.
 Chandragupta Maurya established an
Admiralty Division under a
Superintendent of Ships as part of his war
office, with a charter including
responsibility for navigation on the seas,
oceans, lakes and rivers
SHIPBUILDING AND NAVIGATION
King Hiram of Tyre (Phoenicia) in
975 B.C. traded with India through
the port of Ophir (Supara) near
modern Bombay. Harappan seals
discovered at several Mesopotamia
sites have been dated to about 2400
B.C.
 Yukti Kalpa Taru, explains how to
build ships, ship types, sizes and
materials, including suitability of
different types of wood
 Bhoja has advised the builders of the
sea-faring ships not to join the plants
with iron, as, in the case, the
magnetic iron in sea water could
expose the ship to danger

MEDICAL SCIENCE
Susruta
Samhita, (600 B.C.) the
Hindu medical chronicle said
about plastic surgery in India
Caraka Samhita, (300 BC) Sutra
Sthana Nidan Sthana (8 chapters)






Viman Sthana (8 chapters)
Sharir Sthana (8 chapters)
Indriya Sthana (12 chapters)
Chikitsa Sthana (30 chapters)
Kalpa Sthana (12 chapters)
Siddhi Sthana (12 chapters)
AVIATION
 Acharya
Bharadwaj (800BC)
authored the "Yantra Sarvasva"
which includes astonishing and
outstanding discoveries in aviation
science, space science and flying
machines. He has described three
categories of flying machines:
 1.) One that flies on earth from one
place to another.
 2.) One that travels from one planet
to another.
 3.) And One that travels from one
universe to another.
AVIATION
Bharadwaj’s designs and descriptions are
 Profound Secret: The technique to make a
flying machine invisible through the
application of sunlight and wind force.
 Living Secret: The technique to make an
invisible space machine visible through the
application of electrical force.
 Secret of Eavesdropping: The technique to
listen to a conversation in another plane.
 Visual Secrets: The technique to see what's
happening inside another plane.
Through his innovative and brilliant
discoveries, Acharya Bharadwaj has been
recognized as the pioneer of aviation
technology
CHEMISTRY
 In
ancient India, chemistry was called
Rasayan Shastra, Rasa-Vidya, Rasatantra
and Rasakriya
 Chemistry being the basic Science of Nature
was pursued by ancient Inida’s Scientists to
create Colours, Chemicals, Fertilizers,
Warhead materials, food preservatives,
spices and above all Gems and Crystals.
Purification of Silver, Gold and other
precious metals.
 Medicinal Chemistry of Plants and Herbs.
Bio Chemistry of Natural Fertilizers all
point towards a rich foundation of
Chemistry in India from ancient times
Greatest Weakness - - - - Greatest Strength
THANK
YOU…….