Download Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina June 28, 1914

Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina
June 28, 1914
Today, Archduke of Austria-Hungary Franz Ferdinand and
his wife, Duchess Sophie, were murdered as they drove
through Sarajevo. A nineteen-year-old Serb, Gavrilo
Princip, jumped on the Archduke’s automobile and fired
two shots. The first killed the Duchess. The second killed
the Archduke, who was next in line to be emperor of
Austria-Hungary.
The Serbs have protested
against Austria-Hungary since
1908, when the empire took
over Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Princip has been arrested.
WWI
• When the Archduke of Austria-Hungary was
assassinated, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
• Russia sent troops to help support Serbia because they
had similar ethnic backgrounds. They were both Slavic
people (remember nationalism).
• Since Russia sent troops to support Serbia, Germany
declared war on Russia.
• This began World War I.
World War I Alliances
• Countries created alliances with other
countries to help defend themselves.
• An alliance is made when each member
agrees to help the other members in case
one of them is attacked.
• Why did they do this?
– so other rulers would think twice before they
declared war on them
World War I Alliances
• When Germany joined the war to support
Austria-Hungary, France came to the aid
of Russia.
• Germany then invaded Belgium, which
was neutral, so they could attack France
• Great Britain had promised to protect
Belgium, so they declared war on
Germany
World War I Alliances
• The United States became involved when
Germany sank four American merchant ships.
They joined the side of Russia, France, and
Great Britain.
World War I Alliances
• Central Powers
–
–
–
–
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Turkey
Bulgaria
• The Allies
– Russia (dropped out of
war in 1917 due to a
revolution in their
country)
– France
– Great Britain
– Italy
– United States (joined
in 1917)
Results of World War I
• This war was costly in human lives.
• Nearly 22 million civilians and soldiers
died and Europe was devastated.
• The war ended in 1918.
Europe After WWI
• After the war, people on both sides were poor,
homeless, and without work.
• The Allies blamed Germany for the deaths and
damage during the war.
• In 1919, Germany and the Allies signed the
Treaty of Versailles.
– The Treaty of Versailles demanded that Germany pay
for the damages done to the Allied countries
– Germany also had to give up valuable territory.
Europe After WWI
• Additional treaties changed the political
boundaries of many European countries
– Austria-Hungary was divided to become two
separate countries. (Austria and Hungary)
– this allowed other Eastern European ethnic
groups to gain their independence from the
Austro-Hungarian Empire