Download Europe At War

•On June 28th 1914
•Archduke Franz Ferdinand and
his wife were murdered as they
drove through Sarajevo.
•Serbian Gavrilo Princip murdered
the future emperor (king) of
Austria-Hungary
•Because of the murder of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Austria-Hungary declared war on
Serbia
Then Russia sent
troops to defend
Serbia, then Germany
declared war on Russia.
 Russia supported
Serbia because of
similar ethnic
backgrounds and a
alliance with Serbia
 This was the beginning
of World War I
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European leaders wanted
other countries to think twice
before declaring war. To help
defend themselves several
countries joined alliances.
World War I was the first
modern war where tanks,
airplanes, machine guns,
poison gas, flame throwers,
and artillery were used.
When World War I was over
nearly 22 million civilians
and soldiers were killed on
both sides.
 The Allies had won the War,
but Europe was devastated.
 More people were killed
during World War I than
during all of the 19th
century wars combined
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The Allies blamed Germany
for much of the killing and
damage during the war.
 In 1919 Germany and the
allies signed the treaty of
Versailles.
 The treaty of Versailles
demanded that Germany be
punished for the damage
done to the Allied countries
along with Germany losing
territories. (lead to World
war II)
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After World War I Germany’s
economy was in turmoil and
they needed someone to lead
their country back to prosperity.
In 1933 Adolf Hitler was elected
chancellor and his National
Socialist (NAZI) party lead
Germany.
In the 1930’s Hitler unjustly
blamed Jewish citizens for
Germany’s problems.
His Nazi followers seized
Jewish property began
sending them to
concentration camps.
 In 1934 Hitler took
command of the armed
forces and in 1939 attacked
Poland and then World war II
had begun.
 By June 1940 Hitler had
conquered the Netherlands,
Luxemburg, France,
Denmark, Norway, and then
invaded the Soviet Union.
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Both in World War I and II
the United States tried to
stay out of the war but on
December 7th 1941, Japan
bombed Pearl harbor and
brought the United States
into the war.
The US entry into the war
can be argued that it turned
the tide of the war in both
World Wars.
By the end of World War II the
United States, France, and the
United Kingdom occupied Western
Europe and Russia had occupied
Eastern Europe.
 Once peace was established the
allies helped set up free
governments in Western Europe.
Europe, United States, and Canada
also set up a defense alliance called
NATO which would help defend one
another if they were attacked by the
Soviet Union.
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NATO Symbol
World War I
World War II