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History of Germany during World War I wikipedia , lookup
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Introduction to World War I The Causes of the “War to End All Wars” The Causes of World War I are very complicated Imperialism Militarism Nationalism Alliances Take a minute and see what your book says each one of these means IMPERIALISM Imperialism-European countries competed for overseas colonies in Africa and Asia during the late 1800’s and early 1900’s MILITARISM Militarism- Belief in and the popularity of the military was at a very high point. The glory of war and the power of a country were emphasized NATIONALISM Nationalism- Extreme patriotism to your country. To the point were you believe that your country is so good that it cannot be wrong, and that all other countries are inferior ALLIANCES Alliances- Before WWI the countries of Europe had formed complex secret alliances with each other. The Balkans…a “Powder Keg” Ottoman Empire is falling apart Ethnic groups all want their own countries 1908 Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia is outraged Bosnia and Herzegovina are ethnic Slavs All is needed is a spark to set things off The Alliance System Pulls Europe Into War The three “isms” and the alliance system exist in Europe, creating a very tense situation….especially in the Balkans (Powder Keg) Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria Hungary is visiting Bosnia Shot to death, by Gavrilo Princip, A Serbian (Spark) July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia Russia is Serbia’s ally, so they start sending troops to their borders with Austria-Hungary and their ally Germany Germany sees this as an act of war and declares war on Russia France is Russia’s ally, so Germany declares war on France Germany attacks France through Belgium which pulls England into World War I TAKING SIDES ALLIED POWERS (Triple Entente) Great Britain France Russia Serbia Italy United States (later) CENTRAL POWERS (Triple Alliance) Germany Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire American Neutrality U.S. didn’t want to get involved “Its Europe’s Problem!” Good for the Economy Business could sell supplies to both sides Banks could loan money to both sides 1/3 of Americans are immigrants, or children of immigrants Support for both sides of the war United States’ Entry in WWI Germany used U-Boats to attack cargo ships in the Atlantic (Unrestricted Submarine Warfare) They hoped to cut off supplies to the Allies in Europe Germany began firing on passenger and neutral ships without warning (Sussex Pledge) Germany sinks the Lusitania (5/7/1915)